679 research outputs found
Hierarchical Design Based Intrusion Detection System For Wireless Ad hoc Network
In recent years, wireless ad hoc sensor network becomes popular both in civil
and military jobs. However, security is one of the significant challenges for
sensor network because of their deployment in open and unprotected environment.
As cryptographic mechanism is not enough to protect sensor network from
external attacks, intrusion detection system needs to be introduced. Though
intrusion prevention mechanism is one of the major and efficient methods
against attacks, but there might be some attacks for which prevention method is
not known. Besides preventing the system from some known attacks, intrusion
detection system gather necessary information related to attack technique and
help in the development of intrusion prevention system. In addition to
reviewing the present attacks available in wireless sensor network this paper
examines the current efforts to intrusion detection system against wireless
sensor network. In this paper we propose a hierarchical architectural design
based intrusion detection system that fits the current demands and restrictions
of wireless ad hoc sensor network. In this proposed intrusion detection system
architecture we followed clustering mechanism to build a four level
hierarchical network which enhances network scalability to large geographical
area and use both anomaly and misuse detection techniques for intrusion
detection. We introduce policy based detection mechanism as well as intrusion
response together with GSM cell concept for intrusion detection architecture.Comment: 16 pages, International Journal of Network Security & Its
Applications (IJNSA), Vol.2, No.3, July 2010. arXiv admin note: text overlap
with arXiv:1111.1933 by other author
Culture and the capital-performance nexus in dual banking systems
While recent surveys have taken a special interest in culture to explain the failure of existing regulation, empirical evidence on the role of culture in influencing the regulation-performance link is still largely unexplored. In this paper, we ask the following: Should regulators and policy makers make room for culture as an effective tool for a successful bank regulatory environment? We identify three proxies for cultural values derived from Hofstede (1980, 2001) and the World Values Survey and investigate to what extent individualism, masculinity, and trust can enhance or impede the regulation-performance link for conventional and Islamic banks. Analyzing a panel of 729 banks operating in 33 countries from 1999 to 2013, our paper provides empirical evidence that cultural values enhance the regulation-performance link for the two bank types. Our results have important policy implications: our paper represents a first initiative and provides evidence that culture has merits and can be used as an additional tool to implement regulatory guidelines in a successful way. JEL classification: G21, G2
OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS OF COTTON FABRIC WHITENESS
In this project work, the performance of peroxide bleaching commercial bluing agent, and different fluorescent brightening on the degree of whiteness of cotton fabric was investigated and compared. Here all the experiments were done on cotton fabric; both for woven knit structures in exhausted method. Maximum whiteness is found by applying optical brightening agent of Synowhite 4KB brand of 1.2% on the weight of materials at 80oC for 40 minutes treatment of cotton fabric along with salt of 5gm/L after bleaching. Furthermore, the influence of surface characteristics of the substrate on whiteness index was observed. CIE whiteness Index was measured by spectrophotometer at the standard illuminant D65
OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS OF COTTON FABRIC WHITENESS
In this project work, the performance of peroxide bleaching commercial bluing agent, and different fluorescent brightening on the degree of whiteness of cotton fabric was investigated and compared. Here all the experiments were done on cotton fabric; both for woven knit structures in exhausted method. Maximum whiteness is found by applying optical brightening agent of Synowhite 4KB brand of 1.2% on the weight of materials at 80oC for 40 minutes treatment of cotton fabric along with salt of 5gm/L after bleaching. Furthermore, the influence of surface characteristics of the substrate on whiteness index was observed. CIE whiteness Index was measured by spectrophotometer at the standard illuminant D65
A 21 day Daniel Fast improves selected biomarkers of antioxidant status and oxidative stress in men and women
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dietary modification via both caloric and nutrient restriction is associated with multiple health benefits, some of which are related to an improvement in antioxidant status and a decrease in the production of reactive oxygen species. The Daniel Fast is based on the Biblical book of Daniel, is commonly partaken for 21 days, and involves food intake in accordance with a stringent vegan diet. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of a 21 day Daniel Fast on biomarkers of antioxidant status and oxidative stress.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>43 subjects (13 men; 30 women; 35 Ā± 1 yrs; range: 20-62 yrs) completed a 21 day Daniel Fast following the guidelines provided by investigators. Subjects reported to the lab in a 12 hour post-absorptive state both pre fast (day 1) and post fast (day 22). At each visit, blood was collected for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), nitrate/nitrite (NOx), Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC), and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC). Subjects recorded dietary intake during the 7 day period immediately prior to the fast and during the final 7 days of the fast.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A decrease was noted in MDA (0.66 Ā± 0.0.03 vs. 0.56 Ā± 0.02 Ī¼mol L<sup>-1</sup>; p = 0.004), while H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2 </sub>demonstrated a trend for lowering (4.42 Ā± 0.32 vs. 3.78 Ā± 0.21 Ī¼mol L<sup>-1</sup>; p = 0.074). Both NOx (18.79 Ā± 1.92 vs. 26.97 Ā± 2.40 Ī¼mol L<sup>-1</sup>; p = 0.003) and TEAC (0.47 Ā± 0.01 vs. 0.51 Ā± 0.01 mmol L<sup>-1</sup>; p = 0.001) increased from pre to post fast, while ORAC was unchanged (5243 Ā± 103 vs. 5249 Ā± 183 Ī¼mol L<sup>-1 </sup>TE; p = 0.974). As expected, multiple differences in dietary intake were noted (p < 0.05), including a reduction in total calorie intake (2185 Ā± 94 vs. 1722 Ā± 85).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Modification of dietary intake in accordance with the Daniel Fast is associated with an improvement in selected biomarkers of antioxidant status and oxidative stress, including metabolites of nitric oxide (i.e., NOx).</p
Reactivity of [Re\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e(CO)\u3csub\u3e8\u3c/sub\u3e(MeCN)\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e] with Thiazoles: Hydrido Bridged Dirhenium Compounds Bearing Thiazoles in Different Coordination Modes
Reactions of the labile compound [Re2(CO)8(MeCN)2] with thiazole and 4-methylthiazole in refluxing benzene afforded the new compounds [Re2(CO)7{Ī¼-2,3-Ī·2-C3H(R)NS}{Ī·1-NC3H2(4-R)S}(Ī¼-H)] (1, R = H; 2, R = CH3), [Re2(CO)6{Ī¼-2,3-Ī·2-C3H(R)NS}{Ī·1-NC3H2(4-R)S}2(Ī¼-H)] (3, R = H; 4, R = CH3) and fac-[Re(CO)3(Cl){Ī·1-NC3H2(4-R)S}2] (5, R = H; 6, R = CH3). Compounds 1 and 2 contain two rhenium atoms, one bridging thiazolide ligand, coordinated through the C(2) and N atoms and a Ī·1-thiazole ligand coordinated through the nitrogen atom to the same Re as the thiazolide nitrogen. Compounds 3 and 4 contain a Re2(CO)6 group with one bridging thiazolide ligand coordinated through the C(2) and N atoms and two N-coordinated Ī·1-thiazole ligands, each coordinated to one Re atom. A hydride ligand, formed by oxidative-addition of C(2)āH bond of the ligand, bridges ReāRe bond opposite the thiazolide ligand in compounds 1ā4. Compound 5 contains a single rhenium atom with three carbonyl ligands, two N-coordinated Ī·1-thiazole ligands and a terminal Cl ligand. Treatment of both 1 and 2 with 5 equiv. of thiazole and 4-methylthiazole in the presence of Me3NO in refluxing benzene afforded 3 and 4, respectively. Further activation of the coordinated Ī·1-thiazole ligands in 1ā4 is, however, unsuccessful and results only nonspecific decomposition. The single-crystal XRD structures of 1ā5 are reported
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