Potency of Micro-Gels in Effective Management of Fungal Infection Diseases

Microemulgel has vast application treating and preventing skin infection for better absorption and reducing toxicity. Microemulgel offer new alternation for the design that can be against fungal infection. Microemulgel formulation increase the efficacy, diffusion, permeation of drug and give optimum result. Microemulgel combination of both gel and mcroemulsion so it increases patient compliance. In this review we provide a broad overview on the uses of microemulgel in fight against fungal infection we have analyzed some research on microemulgel as a potential step for fungal treatment. We also give a brief summary of research that has been done and novel development show promise for the further growth of microemulgel in the pharmaceutical field. , , ,

STRUCTURAL ELUCIDATION OF BIOACTIVE SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS

Objective: In this research for bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic fungal isolate CPR5, which was later identified and characterized as Aspergillus niger sp.Methods: Eight bioactive compounds (1-8) were isolated and purified using a series of chromatographic techniques and identified by applying 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and mass (ESI-MS spectrometry).Results: All the compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity against a wide range of human and plant pathogenic bacteria as well as fungi. These microorganisms were, Xanthomonas oryzae, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus hyicus, Bacillus sphaericus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Sclerotium rolfsii, Sclerotinia, scleratiourum, and Phoma exigua minimum inhibitory concentration value have also been determine for these microorganism.Conclusion: In this study, a total 10 endophytic fungi were isolated from the Calotropis procera, show a great antibacterial activity against 24 human pathogenic bacteria

Optimization of process parameters for production of antimicrobial metabolites by an endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. CPR5 isolated from Calotropis procera root.

Objective:To study the antimicrobial activity of crud ethylacetate  extract from endophytic fungus in Calotropis procera root.Methods:Endophytic fungus was screened for production of antimicrobial metablites.fermentation was carried out in 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask. Disc diffusion method was used to test antimicrobial activity of crude extract using chloramphenicol sulphate and Flucnazole as positive controleRessults: A total of fourteen Endophytic fungi were isolated (CPR1- CPR14). Among these fourteen isolates, CPR5 was found to show maximum antimicrobial activity, in compare to other isolates, against gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi. The antimicrobial activity was tested against Escherichia coli. Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas oryzae, Penicillium chrysogenum, Candida albicans, Phoma exigua, Sclerotium rolfsii and Sclerotinia scleratiourum. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of crude extract against test microorganisms was determined. Fungus was identified as aspergillus sp. Prduction parameters (Temprature, pH, Carbon source, Nitrgen surce, Sdium Chlride concentration) were optimized.Conclusion:  Crud  extract produced by the isolated endophytic fungus could be an important source of broad spectrum antimicrobial metabolites. Keywords: Endophytic fungi, Antimicrobial metabolites, Process optimization, Calotropis procera, Inhibition zone

ANTI MICRO-BIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF ARJUNARISTA

Arjunarista, an imperative Ayurvedic formulation used for treatment of cardiovascular disorders and prepared by fermenting the decoction of specified plant materials i.e. Arjuna twak (Terminalia arjuna), Draksha phala (Vitis vinifera), Madhuk puspa (Madhuka indica), Dhataki puspa (Woodfordia fruticosa) and Jaggery (Saccharum officinarum). Aim: To assess anti-microbial analysis of Arjunarista. Setting and Design: Arjunarista was prepared as per process of Shandhan kalpana mentioned in manuscripts of Ayurveda with consideration of two variations. These variations were at the level of pot like earthen pot and porcelain pot and addition/deletion of flowers of Dhataki (Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz). Methods and Materials: Micro-biological analysis was done for total bacterial count, total fungal count and specific pathogens. Total bacterial count, total fungal count was done via plate count agar method and potato dextrose agar respectively. Test for specific pathogens like E. coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus & Pseudomonas aeruginosa was done by Violet red bile agar, Salmonella Agar and Mueller Hinton Agar (for last two bacteria). Results: Total bacterial count (TBC) was absent in all batches except one sample of batch II and batch IV respectively. Total fungal count (TFC) was not present in all batches except one sample of batch I. Specific pathogens count were not present at all in any batches. Conclusion: Arjunarista showed anti micro-biological activity irrespective of variations taken in study

DISCRIMINATION OF ENGLISH TO OTHER INDIAN LANGUAGES (KANNADA AND HINDI) FOR OCR SYSTEM

ABSTRACT India is a multilingual multi-script country. In every state of India there are two languages one i

LARGE-SCALE POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS' INTEGRATED ELECTRIC VEHICLE LOAD MODELLING

A variety of Electric Vehicle (EV) charging algorithms provide various EV charging load profiles, when utilized together, has an impact on the electrical grid functions. Present-day charging an EV Models of demand are either based on level of charging when an EV arrives or smart charging algorithms strengthened with specific charging levels and/or procedures. In this work, a brand-new data-driven technique for calculating EV charging load is suggested. They start by introducing a mathematical model that describes an adaptability of demand for EV charging. The characteristics of several EV load models are then identified, and advanced simulation techniques are suggested to simulate EV charging demand under various power market realizations. The suggested EV load modeling technique may act as a benchmark system by simulating various EV operating schedules, charging levels, and consumer engagement. The suggested framework would also give EV charging infrastructure advice from transmission system operators development in contemporary power networks

POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF DENDRIMERS IN DRUG DELIVERY: A CONCISE REVIEW AND UPDATE

This review gives concise information about the application of dendrimers in the field of drug delivery. Due to their unique architecture these have improved physical and chemical properties. Due to their terminal groups these show high solubility, miscibility and reactivity. Dendrimers have well defined size, shape, molecular weight and monodispersity. These properties make the dendrimers a suitable carrier in drug delivery application. Dendrimers are unimolecular miceller in nature and due to this enhances the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. Their compatibility with DNA, heparin and polyanions make them more versatile. Dendrimers, also referred as modern day polymers, they offer much more good properties than the conventional polymers. Due to their multivalent and mono disperse character dendrimers have stimulated wide interest in the field of chemistry biology, especially in applications like drug delivery, gene therapy and chemotherapy. Self assembly produces a faster means of generating nanoscopic functional and structural systems. But their actual utility in drug delivery can be assessed only after deep understanding of factors affecting their properties and their behavior in vivo. Key words: Dendrimers, Drug targeting, nanoscale carriers

Adherence to self-administered tuberculosis treatment in a high HIV-prevalence setting: a cross-sectional survey in Homa Bay, Kenya.

Good adherence to treatment is crucial to control tuberculosis (TB). Efficiency and feasibility of directly observed therapy (DOT) under routine program conditions have been questioned. As an alternative, Médecins sans Frontières introduced self-administered therapy (SAT) in several TB programs. We aimed to measure adherence to TB treatment among patients receiving TB chemotherapy with fixed dose combination (FDC) under SAT at the Homa Bay district hospital (Kenya). A second objective was to compare the adherence agreement between different assessment tools

Study of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at the palindromic sequence of hypersensitive site (HS)4 of the human β-globin locus control region (LCR) in Indian population

LCR, a genetic regulatory element, was examined in β-thalassemia patients who do not show any mutation in the β-globin genes. We sequenced LCR-HS2, HS3, and HS4 in samples from 16 such patients from the Indian population and found only one SNP A-G in the inverted repeat in HS4. A significant association was observed between the G allele and occurrence of β-thalassemia by Fisher's exact test. The AG and GG genotypes showed higher relative risk as compared to the AA genotype. We also observed linkage disequilibrium between the A/G polymorphism and the AT-rich motif of the LCR HS2 region, suggesting that the G allele could be an evolutionarily new mutation in the study population