Stigmatizasyon

Kocabaşoğlu N, Aliustaoğlu S.&nbsp;&nbsp;Stigmatizasyon (“etiketleme” veya “damgalama”) ak›l hastalar›n›n yaflad›¤› önemli sorunlar-dan biridir. Toplumlar›n dinî veya inanç sistemleri, kültürleri ve gelenekleri stigmatizasyonoluflumunda etkili olmaktad›r. Günümüzde iletiflim araçlar›n›n artmas› stigmatizasyon gelifli-mini h›zland›rm›flt›r. Bu durum hastalarda sosyal izolasyona, daha s›n›rl› yaflam flans›na veyard›m isteme davran›fl›nda gecikmeye yol açmaktad›r. Olumsuz yaklafl›mlar hastay› ciddîbir stres alt›na sokmakta yaflam kalitesini ve tedavi sürecini kötü yönde etkilemektedir. Stig-matizasyon toplum d›fl›nda hastay› tedavi eden hekim taraf›ndan da yap›labilmekte ve has-talar›n fiziksel rahats›zl›klar›n›n göz ard› edilmesine yol açmaktad›r. Toplumun her kesimitaraf›ndan yap›labilen bu durum psikiyatri uzmanlar›, psikologlar bu alanda çal›flan yard›m-c› sa¤l›k personeli ile sivil toplum örgütlerinin birlikte çal›flmalar› ile halk›n bilinçlendirilmesiyoluyla ve ak›l hastalar›na yönelik koruyucu yasal düzenlemeleri artt›rarak önlenebilir.Anahtar Kelimeler: stigmatizasyon, ak›l hastal›klar›, flizofreni&nbsp; Kocabaşoğlu N, Aliustaoğlu S. &nbsp;ABSTRACTSTIGMATISATIONStigmatisation is one of the important problems that psychiatric patients face since centuriesand still a serious problem in the modern world. Religious or belief systems, cultures and tra-ditions of societies all affect the development of stigmatisation. Currently increasing of thecommunication tools like the Internet accelerates or at least enhances the development ofthe problem of stigmatisation (although this is a two-way process). This condition leads to thesocial isolation of the patients and/or their families and beloved ones, more limited life chan-ce and a behaviour characterized by delayed demand for aid. Negative approaches put thepatients in a condition of severe stress and affect both the management strategies, treatmentcourse and life quality definitively adversely. Stigmatisation is done not only by the populati-on but also by the physicians responsible for and involved in the management and treatmentand this leads to negligence of physical disorders of these patients. This condition that maybe done unfortunately by all members of population can only be prevented by interaction ofpsychiatrists, psychologists, and the other health staff working in this field and by increasingthe legal regulations concerning the mental patients and by education of the community.Keywords: stigmatisation, mental disorders, schizophrenia&nbsp;</div

Anxiety Disorders - From Childhood to Adulthood

In this book, we focus on children with anxiety disorders and the children whose parents were diagnosed with anxiety disorders in their lifetime. The aim is to investigate the different types of anxiety disorders with different underlying mechanisms. The developmental perspective will support a better understanding of the development of anxiety disorders and transition from childhood to adulthood. We believe this book will appeal to a wide audience of practicing psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric nurses, social workers and mental health professionals. It is our hope that many will find this book useful for training mental health professionals to give them the newest developmental point of view about prototype anxiety disorders. We dedicate this book to our lovely families, patients, and their families

The effects of 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms on antisocial personality disorder among criminals in a sample of the Turkish population

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is a cluster B personality disorder characterized by a disposition for criminal behaviors. It has been determined by previous studies that ASPD may have a genetic origin and the human serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) is one of the two serotonergic genes expected to be associated with this disorder. 5-HTT-linked polymorphic promoter region (5-HTTLPR) is a degenerate repeat polymorphic region in SLC6A4, the gene that codes for the serotonin transporter. Among many polymorphisms in SLC6A4, 5-HTTLPR an insertion/deletion (indel) polymorphism and rs25531 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 5-HTTLPR polymorphic region contribute to the regulation of SLC6A4 expression. In this study, we aimed to reveal the relationship between frequencies of 5-HTTLPR variants and ASPD among criminals in the Turkish population. Moreover, it was also attempted to figure out the SLC6A4 gene expression level differences regarding these polymorphisms. The 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 genotypes were determined by PCR and restriction length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses and quantitative real-time-PCR was done for measuring the gene expression levels in the case and control groups. Although no significant difference was observed in the distributions of the 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 polymorphisms between the case and control groups, SLC6A4 expression level in the control group was found significantly higher than the case group (p < 0.0001). There was also no significant difference between genotypes in terms of mRNA expression levels in either the control or the case group. According to our results, ASPD in Turkish society is associated with the SLC6A4 gene expression levels, though the distributions of 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms are not different. This study sheds light on future relevant studies as the first study which is conducted in criminals with ASPD in the Turkish community