Record of Phototactic Tenebrionidae (Coleoptera) from Lambir Hills, Borneo, with description of a new genus and twelve new species

Fifty-two species of phototactic Tenebrionidae are recorded from Lambir Hills National Park and the secondary forests surrounding the park. One new genus and twelve new species are described under the following names: Anognathena gen. nov., Anognathena neraida sp. nov., Amarygmus hansbremeri sp. nov., Cleomis purpuricollis sp. nov., Cryphaeus irregularis sp. nov., Euhemicera hutanicola sp. nov., Hemicera (Hemicera) vittigera sp. nov., Hemicera (Hemicera) parca sp. nov., Pseudonautes viridinitidus sp. nov., Psydus virgulatus sp. nov., Uloma (Uloma) nyctelia sp. nov., Uloma (Uloma) sarawakensis sp. nov. and Uloma (Uloma) serripunctata sp. nov

Atrasentan and renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (SONAR): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Background: Short-term treatment for people with type 2 diabetes using a low dose of the selective endothelin A receptor antagonist atrasentan reduces albuminuria without causing significant sodium retention. We report the long-term effects of treatment with atrasentan on major renal outcomes. Methods: We did this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial at 689 sites in 41 countries. We enrolled adults aged 18–85 years with type 2 diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)25–75 mL/min per 1·73 m 2 of body surface area, and a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR)of 300–5000 mg/g who had received maximum labelled or tolerated renin–angiotensin system inhibition for at least 4 weeks. Participants were given atrasentan 0·75 mg orally daily during an enrichment period before random group assignment. Those with a UACR decrease of at least 30% with no substantial fluid retention during the enrichment period (responders)were included in the double-blind treatment period. Responders were randomly assigned to receive either atrasentan 0·75 mg orally daily or placebo. All patients and investigators were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was a composite of doubling of serum creatinine (sustained for ≥30 days)or end-stage kidney disease (eGFR <15 mL/min per 1·73 m 2 sustained for ≥90 days, chronic dialysis for ≥90 days, kidney transplantation, or death from kidney failure)in the intention-to-treat population of all responders. Safety was assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of their assigned study treatment. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01858532. Findings: Between May 17, 2013, and July 13, 2017, 11 087 patients were screened; 5117 entered the enrichment period, and 4711 completed the enrichment period. Of these, 2648 patients were responders and were randomly assigned to the atrasentan group (n=1325)or placebo group (n=1323). Median follow-up was 2·2 years (IQR 1·4–2·9). 79 (6·0%)of 1325 patients in the atrasentan group and 105 (7·9%)of 1323 in the placebo group had a primary composite renal endpoint event (hazard ratio [HR]0·65 [95% CI 0·49–0·88]; p=0·0047). Fluid retention and anaemia adverse events, which have been previously attributed to endothelin receptor antagonists, were more frequent in the atrasentan group than in the placebo group. Hospital admission for heart failure occurred in 47 (3·5%)of 1325 patients in the atrasentan group and 34 (2·6%)of 1323 patients in the placebo group (HR 1·33 [95% CI 0·85–2·07]; p=0·208). 58 (4·4%)patients in the atrasentan group and 52 (3·9%)in the placebo group died (HR 1·09 [95% CI 0·75–1·59]; p=0·65). Interpretation: Atrasentan reduced the risk of renal events in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease who were selected to optimise efficacy and safety. These data support a potential role for selective endothelin receptor antagonists in protecting renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. Funding: AbbVie

トウナン アジア ネッタイ ウリン ニ オケル ハムシ グンシュウ ノ チョウキ コタイスウ ヘンドウ ヨウシキ

京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(人間・環境学)甲第14064号人博第421号新制||人||104(附属図書館)19||人博||421(吉田南総合図書館)UT51-2008-F456京都大学大学院人間・環境学・環境学研究科相関環境学専攻(主査)准教授 市岡 孝朗, 教授 加藤 真, 教授 松井 正文, 准教授 酒井 章子学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Human and Environmental StudiesKyoto UniversityDA

Biological notes on herbivorous insects feeding on myrmecophytic Macaranga trees in the Lambir Hills National Park, Borneo

Myrmecophytes are plants that harbor ant colonies in domatia, which are hollows in the plant body. Most ant species that colonize myrmecophytes aggressively attack and regulate the abundances of herbivorous insects that would otherwise feed on the leaves of host trees. Although previous studies have described the interactions between myrmecophytes and herbivorous insects, a large proportion of herbivores that are able to feed on these trees are still unrecorded and details of their feeding habits are largely unexplored. Here, we compile biological notes on some of the herbivorous insects that feed on several species of Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae) growing in the Malayan archipelago, including those that are myrmecophytic. The information assembled here is based on our field observations, sampling, and rearing of insects, which we have conducted since 1994 in the tropical lowland forest of the Lambir Hills National Park, Sarawak, in Malaysian Borneo. We also summarize existing published information. For the convenience of future studies of herbivores that feed on Macaranga, we have included a large selection of images to show the morphologies and ecological traits of herbivores, including their structures at different growth stages and the marks made by their activities, such as leaf-chewing, leaf-mining, and gall formation. Among the herbivorous insects that feed on Macaranga species, we focus on butterflies, phasmids, gall midges, and myrmecophilous bugs

Faunal studies of sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in primary and secondary tropical rainforests in the middle reaches of the Baram River Basin, Borneo

This study presents a species inventory of sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), together with descriptions of their habitat types, in lowland tropical rainforests in the middle reaches of the Baram River Basin, Borneo (Sarawak, Malaysia). Thirty-two nitidulid species belonging to 14 genera from six subfamilies were collected by banana-baited traps. There was no significant difference in species richness, abundance, diversity, or species composition between the primary and secondary forests, with 13 species being shared

Fig. 4 in Phytophagous Scarabaeid Diversity In Swidden Cultivation Landscapes In Sarawak, Malaysia

Fig. 4. Ordination diagram of NMDS scores (along the first two axes) for the scarab beetle community in the study plots.Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Kishimoto-Yamada, Keiko, Itioka, Takao, Nakagawa, Michiko, Momose, Kuniyasu &amp; Nakashizuka, Tohru, 2011, Phytophagous Scarabaeid Diversity In Swidden Cultivation Landscapes In Sarawak, Malaysia, pp. 285-293 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 59 (2)&lt;/i&gt; on page 291, DOI: &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10107669"&gt;10.5281/zenodo.10107669&lt;/a&gt

Fig. 1 in Phytophagous Scarabaeid Diversity In Swidden Cultivation Landscapes In Sarawak, Malaysia

Fig. 1. Satellite image (from IKONOS, 17 Sep.2000 [©SIJ2000/ Kyoto University]) of all the study plots in and around Lambir Hills National Park in Sarawak, Malaysia. The letters H, P, G, F, T, and B indicate the following forest types, respectively: preserved primary forests, isolated primary forests, rubber gardens, old fallows, young fallows, and new fallows.Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Kishimoto-Yamada, Keiko, Itioka, Takao, Nakagawa, Michiko, Momose, Kuniyasu &amp; Nakashizuka, Tohru, 2011, Phytophagous Scarabaeid Diversity In Swidden Cultivation Landscapes In Sarawak, Malaysia, pp. 285-293 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 59 (2)&lt;/i&gt; on page 287, DOI: &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10107669"&gt;10.5281/zenodo.10107669&lt;/a&gt

Fig. 3 in Phytophagous Scarabaeid Diversity In Swidden Cultivation Landscapes In Sarawak, Malaysia

Fig. 3. Values of Chao1 estimated species richness (a) and values of Simpson's evenness index (b) of the phytophagous scarab beetles across forest types.Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Kishimoto-Yamada, Keiko, Itioka, Takao, Nakagawa, Michiko, Momose, Kuniyasu &amp; Nakashizuka, Tohru, 2011, Phytophagous Scarabaeid Diversity In Swidden Cultivation Landscapes In Sarawak, Malaysia, pp. 285-293 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 59 (2)&lt;/i&gt; on page 291, DOI: &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10107669"&gt;10.5281/zenodo.10107669&lt;/a&gt

Figure 7 from: Ishikawa T, Saito M, Kishimoto-Yamada K, Kato T, Kurashima O, Ito M (2015) Inventory of the Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera) in Komaba Campus of the University of Tokyo, a highly urbanized area in Japan. Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e4981. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4981

Figure 7 - Cluster analysis of Heteroptera assemblages in Komaba Campus and the six reference sites based on Jaccard distances