A Study on Cardiovascular Complications in Infants of Diabetic Mother

BACKGROUND: Congenital heart disease plays major role in negative outcome of babies born to diabetic mothers. This complication can be prevented by appropriate antenatal care of diabetic mother to sustain glycemic control and fetal echocardiography to diagnose structural malformation. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of the study is to know the incidence of congenital heart disease in IDM and to compare the type of heart lesion with regard to maternal diabetic type, treatment, diabetic control. METHODS: This was a prospective observational study conducted at Tirunelveli medical college hospital during April 2017 to March 2018. Parameters were recorded in predesigned proforma and analysed by SPSS software version 21.0. RESULTS: Out of 100 babies studied, 83 and 17 were born to gestational and pregestational diabetic mother respectively. 28% babies had CHD , of which 23% acyanotic CHD and 5% cyanotic CHD. 11 (68.7%) babies of pregestational diabetic mothers had acyanotic CHD and 5 (31.3 %) had CCHD. 12 babies of GDM mother had acyanotic CHD. With regard to maternal treatment 8 (12%) babies, 7 (33%)babies, 13 babies whose mothers were on meal plan, oral hypoglycemic agents, insulin had CHD respectively. Of all babies whose mothers on insulin 8 (61.3%) had ACHD, 5 (38%) had CHD. With regard to glycemic control 28.5% had ACHD and 71.42% had CCHD mother of poor glycemic control. CONCLUSION: Babies born to pregestational diabetic mothers had complex cyanotic heart diseases than GDM. Babies whose mother had poor glycemic control had more incidence of CHD

A retrospective study on prevalence of prior depressive episodes in newly diagnosed bipolar disorder

BACKGROUND: Bipolar illness is a lifelong disorder with majority of the time spent in depression. But a history of mania or hypomania is essential for the diagnosis of bipolar depression. When adequate past history is not available or if the patient develops depressive episodes prior to manic episodes, bipolar depression presents a diagnostic problem. On an average only after 8 years a correct diagnosis of bipolar disorder is made. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed and misdiagnosed prior depressive episodes even before the onset of first manic episode, to identify the time taken for correct diagnosis, to look for the presence of bipolar soft signs in prior depressive episodes and to look for other clinical correlates that could facilitate early diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross sectional study done at Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College Hospital, Tirunelveli. This study was done for a period of one year from July 2016 - June 2017. Patients diagnosed for the first time as BPAD with current episode mania/hypomania/mixed features using ICD-10 criteria and those with antidepressant induced mania/ hypomania were included in this study. Patients receiving mood stabilizers for any other reason, organic affective disorders and schizoaffective disorder were excluded. The 60 patients eventually included were re-interviewed in detail using a Semi-structured proforma and screening for past depressive symptoms was done using Patient Health Questionnaire-9. RESULTS: Nearly one fourth (28%) of the bipolar patients had experienced prior depressive episodes before the onset of first manic episode. The common initial presentation in bipolar disorder is mania (63%). 82% of the bipolar patients with depression as initial presentation had developed manic episodes within 3 years. The time taken for 95% of the population to receive a correct diagnosis of bipolarity is 5 months to 8.7 years. (95% confidence interval was from 0.4019 to 8.656). Female bipolar patients are more likely to have depression as the initial presentation and hence more likely to be misdiagnosed (p value was 0.001). Patients with comorbid anxiety are also more likely to have depression as the initial presentation (p value was 0.016) .The soft signs of bipolarity such as family history of bipolarity(35%), switch with antidepressants (37.5%), early age of onset (76%), brief duration of depression (41%), anxious depression (52%), psychotic (65%), melancholic(41%) and atypical (41%) depression was present to a significant extent in the initial depressive episode. Also postpartum onset (23%), agitated depression (12%) & hyperthymic temperament (12%) was present to lesser extent but recurrent depressive episodes were not found in any patient in our study. CONCLUSION: The presence of the soft signs poses a reason for reassessing a diagnosis of unipolar depression. Currently there is no guideline as to how many of the symptoms need to be present. But more symptoms increase the likelihood of bipolarity. Hence validating the bipolar spectrum concept would aid in the better diagnosis of bipolar disorder

Comparative antioxidant studies of in vivo leaves and in vitro callus of Crotalaria pallida Aiton (Fabaceae)

Crotalaria pallida Aiton. Fabaceae has been used for the treatment of various diseases. The aim of the present study was to assess the enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities of Crotalaria pallida Aiton. The enzymatic antioxidant activity of in vivo leaves and in vitro callus was compared. The SOD shows high activity of (0.78±0.036) units/g tissue in in vivo leaves and Catalase shows high activity of (3.563±0.16) units/g tissue in in vitro callus. The non-enzymatic antioxidant properties of in vivo leaves and in vitro callus were evaluated using multiple assays. DPPH, Hydroxyl scavenging activity and Superoxide ion radical scavenging activity of in vivo leaves and in vitro callus were exhibited the IC50 values of 25±0.16 and 23.57±0.07, 90.18±3.57 and 77.41±2.5, 72.58±1.55 and 42.96±0.29 respectively. The total antioxidant activity showed increase with increase in concentration of both in vivo leaves and in vitro callus. The obtained results indicate that in vivo leaves and in vitro callus of Crotalaria pallida Aiton posses potent enzymatic activity and is a good source of non enzymatic antioxidants

Online Single Window Group Action System

The project title is “online single window group action system” The authentic users are wise to of this just one occasion positive identification on his signed. Though security researchers have created nice strides in fighting these threats by protective systems, individual users and digital assets, sadly the threats still cause issues. The principle space of attack is authentication that is after all the method of crucial the accessibility of a user to a specific resource or system. Today, passive or active users are the key thought of security mechanisms. The passive user is simply fascinated by understanding the system. The active user, on the opposite hand, can think about and mirror on easy use, efficiency, note ability, effectiveness and satisfaction of the system. The banking resolution for the users United Nations agency has multiple bank accounts in multiple banks. This interface integrates all existing banks and provides business solutions for each retail and company. The most focus of the applying is maintaining multiple bank accounts a user has. An individual will have checking account in any variety of banks. However it’s exhausting to recollect each bank logins. Thus we've developed an online application wherever an individual will handle all his bank accounts in an exceedingly secure manner

A Framework for Securing Health Information Using Blockchain in Cloud Hosted Cyber Physical Systems

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) have undergone numerous technical improvements in recent years, including the incorporation of mobile devices with the cloud computing technologies to facilitate medical data exchanges between patients and the healthcare professionals. This cutting-edge architecture enables cyber physical systems housed in the cloud to provide healthcare services with minimal operational costs, high flexibility, security, and EHR accessibility. If patient health information is stored in the hospital database, there will always be a risk of intrusion, i.e., unauthorized file access and information modification by attackers. To address this concern, we propose a decentralized EHR system based on Blockchain technology. To facilitate secure EHR exchange across various patients and medical providers, we develop a reliable access control method based on smart contracts. We incorporate Cryptocurrency, specifically Ethereum, in the suggested system to protect sensitive health information from potential attackers. In our suggested approach, both physicians and patients are required to be authenticated. Patients can register, and a block with a unique hash value will be generated. Once the patient discusses the disease with the physician, the physician can check the patient's condition and offer drugs. For experimental findings, we employ the public Block chain Ganache and solidity remix-based smart contracts to protect privacy. Ethers are used as the crypto currencies

BOUNDING BOX METHOD BASED ACCURATE VEHICLE NUMBER DETECTION AND RECOGNITION FOR HIGH SPEED APPLICATIONS

License plate detection and recognition is the one of the major aspects of applying the image processing techniques towards intelligent transport systems. Detecting the exact location of the license plate from the vehicle image at very high speed is the one of the most crucial step for vehicle plate detection systems. This paper proposes an algorithm to detect license plate region and edge processing both vertically and horizontally to improve the performance of the systems for high speed applications. Throughout the detection and recognition the original images are detected, filtered both vertically and horizontally, and threshold based on bounding box method. The whole system was tested on more than twenty five cars with various license plates in Indian style at different weather conditions. The overall accuracy rate of success recognition is 93% at sunlight conditions, 72% at cloudy, 71% at shaded weather conditions

Phylogenomics of Porites from the Arabian Peninsula

The advent of high throughput sequencing technologies provides an opportunity to resolve phylogenetic relationships among closely related species. By incorporating hundreds to thousands of unlinked loci and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), phylogenomic analyses have a far greater potential to resolve species boundaries than approaches that rely on only a few markers. Scleractinian taxa have proved challenging to identify using traditional morphological approaches and many groups lack an adequate set of molecular markers to investigate their phylogenies. Here, we examine the potential of Restriction-site Associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) to investigate phylogenetic relationships and species limits within the scleractinian coral genus Porites. A total of 126 colonies were collected from 16 localities in the seas surrounding the Arabian Peninsula and ascribed to 12 nominal and two unknown species based on their morphology. Reference mapping was used to retrieve and compare nearly complete mitochondrial genomes, ribosomal DNA, and histone loci. De novo assembly and reference mapping to the P. lobata coral transcriptome were compared and used to obtain thousands of genome-wide loci and SNPs. A suite of species discovery methods (phylogenetic, ordination, and clustering analyses) and species delimitation approaches (coalescent-based, species tree, and Bayesian Factor delimitation) suggested the presence of eight molecular lineages, one of which included six morphospecies. Our phylogenomic approach provided a fully supported phylogeny of Porites from the Arabian Peninsula, suggesting the power of RADseq data to solve the species delineation problem in this speciose coral genus

Modulatory and regenerative potential of transplanted bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells on rifampicin-induced kidney toxicity

Anti-tuberculosis agent rifampicin is extensively used for its effectiveness. Possible complications of tuberculosis and prolonged rifampicin treatment include kidney damage; these conditions can lead to reduced efficiency of the affected kidney and consequently to other diseases. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) can be used in conjunction with rifampicin to avert kidney damage; because of its regenerative and differentiating potentials into kidney cells. This research was designed to assess the modulatory and regenerative potentials of MSCs in averting kidney damage due to rifampicin-induced kidney toxicity in Wistar rats and their progenies. BMMSCs used in this research were characterized according to the guidelines of International Society for Cellular Therapy

Repeated infections of dengue (serotype DENV-2) in lung cells of BALB/c mice lead to severe histopathological consequences

To determine the effect of DENV (serotype 2) repeated infections on lung cells is the main goal of this study. From the result, lung histology of control BALB/c mice showed normal alveolar morphology, while vehicle control BALB/c mice highlighted a slight thickening of the alveolar septum. Lung histopathology of BALB/c mice infected twice by DENV-2 showed the presence of hemorrhage, plasma leakage and presence of hemosiderin-laden macrophages (HLMs). Notably, in the lung of BALB/c mice infected four times by DENV-2, we observed thickening and disruption of the alveolar septum, inflammatory cell infiltration, plasma leakage and increased cellularity. Megakaryocyte releasing platelets were also found into the lung alveolus. Overall, our findings showed severe histopathological damage in lungs repeatedly infected by DENV-2, allowing us to argue that they can be linked to pulmonary complication. Result also showed that the number of infections with similar total DENV-2 titer led to different histopathological changes