Estimating global injuries morbidity and mortality: methods and data used in the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study

BACKGROUND: While there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries, modern research methods must account for the wide spectrum of disability that can occur in an injury, and must provide estimates with sufficient demographic, geographical and temporal detail to be useful for policy makers. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study used methods to provide highly detailed estimates of global injury burden that meet these criteria. METHODS: In this study, we report and discuss the methods used in GBD 2017 for injury morbidity and mortality burden estimation. In summary, these methods included estimating cause-specific mortality for every cause of injury, and then estimating incidence for every cause of injury. Non-fatal disability for each cause is then calculated based on the probabilities of suffering from different types of bodily injury experienced. RESULTS: GBD 2017 produced morbidity and mortality estimates for 38 causes of injury. Estimates were produced in terms of incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability, cause-specific mortality, years of life lost and disability-adjusted life-years for a 28-year period for 22 age groups, 195 countries and both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: GBD 2017 demonstrated a complex and sophisticated series of analytical steps using the largest known database of morbidity and mortality data on injuries. GBD 2017 results should be used to help inform injury prevention policy making and resource allocation. We also identify important avenues for improving injury burden estimation in the future

Ruokohelven tuorekorjuun tekniikka ja talous

Esiselvitys on tehty osana Jyväskylän ammattikorkeakoulun Luonnnonvarainsituutin bioenergiaopintoja.Esiselvityksen tarkoituksena on selvittää ruokohelven tuorekorjuun tekniikkaa ja taloutta biokaasun tuottamista varten. Raportin alkuosassa kuvataan lisäksi ruokohelven viljelyä ja kuivakorjuuta energian tuotantoa varten

Human resource analytics in South Korea: Transforming the organization and industry

Many large and global companies in South Korea have started adopting Human Resource (HR) analytics in response to growing demands of making evidence-based decisions for the organization\u27s people-related issues. Organizational leaders as well as HR professionals see HR analytics as an emerging field that is growing in importance. However, frameworks to follow or empirical evidence for adopting HR analytics are scarce yet in the overall landscape of the HR analytics field. Based on the authors\u27 multiple HR analytics projects experiences from several different companies, this chapter captured the scope, benefits, challenges, lessons learned, and needed support issues. We also emphasized how successful execution and expansion of HR analytics require careful planning on the part of the analytics team for collaboration and buy-in support from business units, and how leaders will need to address the policy, governance, and culture with regard to using and sharing data