Inequivalent Quantizations of Gauge Theories

It is known that the quantization of a system defined on a topologically non-trivial configuration space is ambiguous in that many inequivalent quantum systems are possible. This is the case for multiply connected spaces as well as for coset spaces. Recently, a new framework for these inequivalent quantizations approach has been proposed by McMullan and Tsutsui, which is based on a generalized Dirac approach. We employ this framework for the quantization of the Yang-Mills theory in the simplest fashion. The resulting inequivalent quantum sectors are labelled by quantized non-dynamical topological charges.Comment: 24 pages, LaTeX, to be publ. in Int.J.Mod.Phys.

Quantum Caustics for Systems with Quadratic Lagrangians in Multi-Dimensions

We study quantum caustics in $d$-dimensional systems with quadratic Lagrangians. Based on Schulman's procedure in the path-integral we derive the transition amplitude on caustics in a closed form for generic multiplicity $f$, and thereby complete the previous analysis carried out for the maximal multiplicity case $f=d$. Multiplicity dependence of the caustics phenomena is illusrated by examples of a particle interacting with external electromagnetic fields.Comment: TeX file, 27 pages, 2 figure

Predicting rectal cancer T stage using circumferential tumor extent determined by computed tomography colonography

SummaryBackground and aimPatients with stage T3 or T4 rectal cancer are candidates for neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. The aim of this study is to clarify the usefulness of circumferential tumor extent determined by computed tomography (CT) colonography in differentiating T3 or T4 from T1 or T2 rectal cancer.MethodsSeventy consecutive rectal cancer patients who underwent curative-intent surgery were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent colonoscopy and CT colonography on the same day. The circumferential tumor extent was estimated in 10% increments. The pathological T stage was used as the reference.ResultsThe median circumferential tumor extent evaluated by colonoscopy for T1 (n = 6), T2 (n = 21), and T3/T4 (n = 43) were 10%, 30%, and 80%, respectively (T1/T2 vs. T3/T4, p < 0.0001). The median circumferential tumor extent evaluated by CT colonography for T1, T2, and T3/T4 is 10%, 30%, and 70%, respectively (T1/T2 vs. T3/T4, p < 0.0001). The correlation coefficient between colonoscopy and CT colonography was very high (0.94). By defining a circumferential tumor extent ≥50% by CT colonography as the criterion for stage T3 or T4, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and accuracy were 72%, 88%, 91%, and 79%, respectively.ConclusionCircumferential tumor extent ≥50% determined by CT colonography is a simple and potentially useful marker to identify candidates for neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy

Quantum caustics in the Gaussian slit experiment

We study classical and quantum caustics for system with quadratic Lagrangian. Gaussian slit experiment is examined and it is pointed out that the focusing around caustics is stabilized against initial momentum fluctuations by quantum effect.Comment: TeX, 11 pages, No figure

Repeated exacerbations of ocular inflammation with vitreous hemorrhage in a patient with HLA-B27 associated uveitis

HLA-B27 associated uveitis is characterized by recurrent alternating acute unilateral attacks of intraocular inflammation in the anterior chamber. The aim of this study was to report an unusual case of repeated exacerbations with vitreous hemorrhage in HLA-B27 associated uveitis. Thirty four-year-old man was diagnosed as HLA-B27 associated uveitis in his right eye. He showed repeated exacerbation of ocular inflammation with retinal vein dilation and small retinal hemorrhage following vitreous hemorrhage. Fluorescein fundus angiography a week before the appearance of vitreous hemorrhage showed no neovascularization. Oral prednisolone administration was started from 40 mg/day with gradual tapering. About 3 weeks after the onset, most of the vitreous hemorrhage disappeared and visual acuity was improved to 20/20. Through the decreased vitreous hemorrhage, Weiss ring was detected later. The vitreous hemorrhage found in this patient is a severe exacerbation, and might be a consequence of the vitritis that leads to posterior vitreous detachment

Quantum Caustics for Systems with Quadratic Lagrangians

We study caustics in classical and quantum mechanics for systems with quadratic Lagrangians. We derive a closed form of the transition amplitude on caustics and discuss their physical implications in the Gaussian slit (gedanken-)experiment. Application to the quantum mechanical rotor casts doubt on the validilty of Jevicki's correspondence hypothesis which states that in quantum mechanics, stationary points(instantons) arise as simple poles.Comment: TeX, 37 pages, 3 figures, Corrected typos and eq.(3.21

海水濃度が温浴時の体温変動に及ぼす影響

本研究は，温浴時の海水濃度条件の違いが体温変動，心拍数および主観的温度感覚に及ばす影響を検討するために，38．5℃に設定された水温条件下で15分間入浴および60分間安静の温浴実験をおこなった。海水濃度条件は0％，1％，3．5％，7％の4種類とした。被験者は年齢18～21歳の健康な男子大学生8名であった。被験者の平均の年齢，身長，体重および体脂肪率はそれぞれ19．8±1．0歳，169．2±5．Ocm，57．1±3．1kgおよび14．0±2．6％であった。直腸温は，全条件とも入浴直後から一過性に上昇傾向を示し，出浴後は潜熱現象を示した。海水濃度を比較すると，7＞3．5＞1＞0％の順に有意な上昇傾向を示した。平均皮膚温は，全条件とも入浴直後から10分間は一過性に上昇傾向を示した。その後，入浴10～20分の間はわずかに上昇し，出浴後は10分前後に急速に下降傾向を示し，それ以降はゆるやかな低下を示した。海水濃度を比較すると，7％膿度が他濃度より入浴時の上昇度が高く，またその影響で出浴後の温度低下度も他濃度より低い傾向を示した。平均体温は，全条件とも入浴直後から一過性に上昇傾向を，また出浴直後から急速に下降傾向を示し，その後の回復期にはゆるやかな低下を示した。以上の結果から7％までの海水濃度温浴では，直腸温および皮膚温ともに成分濃度依存性の体温上昇反応が示唆された。The purpose of the present study was to compare thermal responses of the body between bathing in warm sea water and further to examine effects of concentration of chemical components in sea water affect thermal responses of the body when bathing in warm sea water. The thermal responses were based on the examination of taking rectal, skin, and mean body temperatures in bathing and recovery on land. Eight healthy men were the subjects in this experiment, and they were in average 19.8±1.0 in age, 169.2±5.0cms in height, 57.1±3.1kgs in weight, and 14.0±2.6% in fat. The subjects bathed in sea water and fresh water for 15 minutes and took recovery on land for 60 minutes respectively. The experiment was tested under water temperature at 38.5℃ during bathing. The conditions of concentration of chemical components in sea water were 7, 3.5, 1, 0%. For all the subjects, the rectal temperature increased during bathing and decreased gradually during recovery on land. Bathing in sea water statistically showed significant increases of rectal temperature at 15 minutes during bathing. It was constantly higher at 7> 3.5 > 1 > 0%. The mean skin temperature showed a continuous increase during bathing and showed a rapid decrease during 5 minutes in recovery on land, and a gradual decrease after then. No statistically significant differences were detected in the mean skin temperature between 7, 3.5, 1 and 0%. The mean body temperature also showed a continuous increase during bathing and showed a rapid decrease during the 10 minutes in recovery on land, and a gradual decrease after then. In bathing in sea water the mean body temperature statistically showed significant increases during bathing