Bulk-sensitive photoemission spectroscopy of A_2FeMoO_6 double perovskites (A=Sr, Ba)

Electronic structures of Sr_2FeMoO_6 (SFMO) and Ba_2FeMoO_6 (BFMO) double perovskites have been investigated using the Fe 2p->3d resonant photoemission spectroscopy (PES) and the Cooper minimum in the Mo 4d photoionization cross section. The states close to the Fermi level are found to have strongly mixed Mo-Fe t_{2g} character, suggesting that the Fe valence is far from pure 3+. The Fe 2p_{3/2} XAS spectra indicate the mixed-valent Fe^{3+}-Fe^{2+} configurations, and the larger Fe^{2+} component for BFMO than for SFMO, suggesting a kind of double exchange interaction. The valence-band PES spectra reveal good agreement with the LSDA+U calculation.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Impact of substrate on magnetic phase coexistence in bicritical Sm0.53Sr0.47MnO3 thin films

Sm0.53Sr0.47MnO3 thin films were deposited on single crystal LaAlO3 (LAO/(001)) and SrTiO3 (STO/(001)) substrates by DC magnetron sputtering. The theta-2 theta and omega-2 theta scans show that these films have very good crystallinity and the films on LAO and STO are under compressive and tensile strain, respectively. The films on LAO and STO substrates show ferromagnetic (insulator-metal) transition at T-C similar to 126 K (at T-IM similar to 128 K) and 120 K (T-IM similar to 117 K), respectively. The magnetic state at T < T-C is akin to cluster glass, which is formed by the presence of charge ordered-antiferromagnetic clusters in the ferromagnetic matrix. Huge drop in the resistivity at T-IM and the associated hysteresis with respect to cooling and warming cycles reveal the bicritical and the first order nature of phase transition, which is also confirmed by the Banerjee criterion. The differences and similarities in the functional properties of films are explained in terms of substrate modified magnetic phase coexistence

Efeitos dos períodos de competição do mato na cultura do amendoim: II. Safra das águas Effects of weed competition periods on peanut: II. Wet season crop

O presente trabalho foi realizado na safra das águas de 1989, no Núcleo de Agronomia da Alta Paulista, em Adamantina (SP) para estudar o efeito de diferentes períodos de competição do mato no amendoim. Adotou-se o delineamento estatístico de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e 22 tratamentos. Os tratamentos resultaram da combinação da presença e da ausência do mato a partir do início da cultura, com as seguintes épocas de remoção da flora infestante: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 e 100 dias após a semeadura. As parcelas foram constituídas por quatro linhas de amendoim, perfazendo 6 m² de área útil. As principais plantas daninhas encontradas na área experimental foram: Cyperus lanceolatus Poir, Commelina benghalensis L., Brachiaria decumbens Stapf., Amaranthus viridis L., Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn., Portulaca oleracea L., Digitaria horizontalis Willd. e Solanum americanum Mill. A convivência do mato diminuiu a produção de vagens, de grãos e a população do amendoim na colheita. Não se observou efeito do mato sobre o rendimento de grãos e sobre a matéria seca acumulada pela parte aérea do amendoim. Capinas aplicadas aos 13 e 67 dias após a semeadura, respectivamente para os sistemas sem e com mato a partir da semeadura, foram suficientes para a obtenção de produção de vagens de amendoim estatisticamente igual à obtida pela cultura mantida sem competição, durante todo o ciclo. Os componentes da produção do amendoim foram favorecidos com a aplicação do sistema sem mato, a partir do início da cultura.<br>The present research was carried out at the Núcleo de Agronomia da Alta Paulista, in Adamantina, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, to study the effects of different periods of weed competition with peanut.The treatments were all possible combinations among the presence/absence of weeds (at the sowing time) and the following periods of weed removal: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 days, after sowing. Each experimental plot was set up with four peanut lines (6.0 m² of useful area). The main weed species occurring in the experimental area were: Cyperus lanceolatus Poir, Brachiaria decumbens Stapf., Commelina benghalensis L., Amaranthus viridis L., Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn., Portulaca oleracea L., Digitaria horizontalis Willd and Solanum americanum Mill. The main effects of weed presence in the peanut crop was to decrease pod kernel yields and peanut population at harvest. No significant effects were observed on shelling percentages and peanut dry matter for any of the studied periods. Weeding control, carried out at 13 and 67 days after sowing, not taking into account initial weed presence was enough for obtaining peanut pod yield statistically similar to that observed when the peanut crop was maintained with no competition during all cycle. Pods and kernel yields and peanut population at harvest increased with weeding control at the sowing stage

Observation of events with a large rapidity gap in deep inelastic scattering at HERA

In deep inelastic, neutral current scattering of electrons and protons at &#8730; s = 296 GeV, we observe in the ZEUS detector events with a large rapidity gap in the hadronic final state. They occur in the region of small Bjorken x and are observed up to Q&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; of 100 GeV&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. They account for about 5% of the events with Q&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &#8805; 10 GeV&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. Their general properties are inconsistent with the dominant mechanism of deep inelastic scattering, where color is transferred between the scattered quark and the proton remnant, and suggest that the underlying production mechanism is the diffractive dissociation of the virtual photon