As filhas de Eva: religião e relações de gênero na justiça medieval portuguesa Eve's daughters: religion and gender relations in the portuguese medieval justice

Este artigo analisa as representações de mulheres presentes nas Ordenações Afonsinas, código jurídico português elaborado no século XV que definiu e classificou detalhadamente vários crimes considerados tipicamente femininos e estipulou punições rigorosas. Dentre esses delitos, trataremos de alguns aspectos do adultério, do concubinato e da alcovitagem. Informado pelas representações de gênero, o discurso jurídico do Estado monárquico luso legitimou a perseguição empreendida pela Igreja às mulheres "desviantes". O olhar da justiça era influenciado pelo imaginário religioso cristão e medieval, repleto de ideias patriarcais e misóginas que associavam o feminino ao arquétipo da Eva pecadora, a primeira mulher que se deixou seduzir pelos ardis malignos do demônio.<br>This article analyzes the representations of women in the Ordenações Afonsinas, the Portuguese juridical code elaborated in the 15th century that defined and classified in detail several crimes considered typically feminine, and that stipulated rigorous punishments. Among those crimes, we will discuss some aspects of adultery, concubinage, and panderism. Informed by gender representations, the juridical discourse of the Lusitanian monarchical State legitimated the persecution of "deviating" women undertaken by the Church. The view of justice was influenced by Christian/medieval religious imaginary, full of patriarchal and misogynistic ideas that associated the feminine to Eve's archetype of the sinner, the first woman to be seduced by the Devil's evil artifices

The Most Discreet Favourite: Baltasar de Zúñiga and Early Modern Spanish Statecraft

The historiographical term “the favourite” has proved to be very successful in explaining this figure in many monarchical regimes in Early Modern Europe. However, there is much discussion about the limits of the favourite’s power and the extent to which he shared power with other relevant individuals. Micro-political research on power dynamics in Habsburg Spain leads us to the figure of Baltasar de Zúñiga (1561–1622), the Count-Duke of Olivares’s uncle and eminence grise. The more or less civilised struggle between Olivares and Zúñiga for royal favour provides a relevant case study of power management and its impact on public opinion at the time.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education (Project HAR2009-12614-C04-03).Peer reviewe