THE GENDER AND AGE FEATURES OF REPRESENTATIONS ABOUT BULLYING AMONG SCHOOL STUDENTS

The article is devoted to the analysis of the gender and age features of the representations about bullying among school students. Bullying is seen as a serious socio-psychological problem. Presented the program and methods of the empirical study of bullying in the educational environment. The results of this study are analized

AGE АND GENDER FEATURES OF TEENAGE STUDENTS` REPRESENTATIONS АBOUT BULLYING

Цель. Статья посвящена рассмотрению буллинга через его субъективное восприятие и переживание подростками с учетом их половозрастных особенностей.Методы исследования: эмпирические – блок авторских методик, относящихся, главным образом, к проективным методам (анкета, незаконченные предложения, список понятий для цвето-­ассоциативного эксперимента, семантический дифференциал), что позволило снять эффект социальной желательности и получить оригинальный эмпирический материал; и математико-статистические (частотный и сравнительный анализ).Результаты: Сравнительный анализ данных выявил действенное отношение к буллингу в среднем подростковом возрасте (противостояние агрессору) и более пассивное – в младшем и старшем подростковом возрасте. При этом младшие подростки рассчитывают на помощь взрослых, не имея собственных эффективных моделей поведения в ситуации буллинга, а старшие – склонны воспринимать насилие как неотъемлемую часть жизни. Мальчики-подростки при описании чаще выделяют физическую форму буллинга, а девочки – психологическую. В ситуации буллинга девочки чаще рассчитывают на помощь взрослых, оставаясь пассивными из-за страха перед агрессором, в отличие от мальчиков, которые готовы защищать жертву.Purpose. The article devotes to consideration of the bullying through teenagers` subjective perception and experience taking into account age and gender specific.Methods: Empiric – the test battery in general projective (questionnaire, uncompleted sentences, list of concepts for colour-associated experiment, semantic differential) with the aim to allow a social desirability and to get original empirical data; statistical methods (frequency analysis, comparative analysis).Results: Comparative analysis revealed active attitude (the confrontation to bully) towards bullying among middle teenagers and more passive among younger and older teenagers. However younger teenagers count on adult help, not having their own effective model of behavior in the bullying situation. The older teenagers tend to percept violence as an integral part of life. Boys-teenagers note more often physical bullying, but girls – psychological bullying. In the bullying situation girls count on adult help, remaining passive for fear of bully, unlike boys, who are ready to protect the victim

Multi-functional Diagnostic Method with Tracer-encapsulated Pellet Injection

In order to obtain a better understanding of impurity transport in magnetically confined plasmas, a Tracer-Encapsulated Soild PELlet (TESPEL) has been developed. The essential points of the TESPEL are as follows: the TESPEL has a double-layered structure, and a tracer impurity, the amount of which can be known precisely, is embedded as an inner core. This structure enables us to deposit the tracer impurity locally inside the plasma. From experiences of developing the TESPEL production technique and its injection experiments, it became clear that various plasma properties can be studied by the TESPEL injection. There are not only impurity transport in the plasma but also transport both outside and inside of the magnetic island O-point, heat transport and high-energy neutral particle flux. Therefore, the TESPEL injection has a favorable multi-functional diagnostic capability. Furthermore a Tracer-Encapsulated Cryogenic PELlet (TECPEL) has been also developed. The TECPEL has an advantage over the TESPEL in terms of no existence of carbons in the outer layer. The TECPEL injector was installed at LHD in December 2005, and the preliminary injection experiments have been carried out

Recent Results from LHD Experiment with Emphasis on Relation to Theory from Experimentalist’s View

he Large Helical Device (LHD) has been extending an operational regime of net-current free plasmas towardsthe fusion relevant condition with taking advantage of a net current-free heliotron concept and employing a superconducting coil system. Heating capability has exceeded 10 MW and the central ion and electron temperatureshave reached 7 and 10 keV, respectively. The maximum value of β and pulse length have been extended to 3.2% and 150 s, respectively. Many encouraging physical findings have been obtained. Topics from recent experiments, which should be emphasized from the aspect of theoretical approaches, are reviewed. Those are (1) Prominent features in the inward shifted configuration, i.e., mitigation of an ideal interchange mode in the configuration with magnetic hill, and confinement improvement due to suppression of both anomalous and neoclassical transport, (2) Demonstration ofbifurcation of radial electric field and associated formation of an internal transport barrier, and (3) Dynamics of magnetic islands and clarification of the role of separatrix

The Changing Landscape for Stroke\ua0Prevention in AF: Findings From the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase 2

Background GLORIA-AF (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation) is a prospective, global registry program describing antithrombotic treatment patterns in patients with newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke. Phase 2 began when dabigatran, the first non\u2013vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC), became available. Objectives This study sought to describe phase 2 baseline data and compare these with the pre-NOAC era collected during phase 1. Methods During phase 2, 15,641 consenting patients were enrolled (November 2011 to December 2014); 15,092 were eligible. This pre-specified cross-sectional analysis describes eligible patients\u2019 baseline characteristics. Atrial fibrillation disease characteristics, medical outcomes, and concomitant diseases and medications were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results Of the total patients, 45.5% were female; median age was 71 (interquartile range: 64, 78) years. Patients were from Europe (47.1%), North America (22.5%), Asia (20.3%), Latin America (6.0%), and the Middle East/Africa (4.0%). Most had high stroke risk (CHA2DS2-VASc [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age  6575 years, Diabetes mellitus, previous Stroke, Vascular disease, Age 65 to 74 years, Sex category] score  652; 86.1%); 13.9% had moderate risk (CHA2DS2-VASc = 1). Overall, 79.9% received oral anticoagulants, of whom 47.6% received NOAC and 32.3% vitamin K antagonists (VKA); 12.1% received antiplatelet agents; 7.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. For comparison, the proportion of phase 1 patients (of N = 1,063 all eligible) prescribed VKA was 32.8%, acetylsalicylic acid 41.7%, and no therapy 20.2%. In Europe in phase 2, treatment with NOAC was more common than VKA (52.3% and 37.8%, respectively); 6.0% of patients received antiplatelet treatment; and 3.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. In North America, 52.1%, 26.2%, and 14.0% of patients received NOAC, VKA, and antiplatelet drugs, respectively; 7.5% received no antithrombotic treatment. NOAC use was less common in Asia (27.7%), where 27.5% of patients received VKA, 25.0% antiplatelet drugs, and 19.8% no antithrombotic treatment. Conclusions The baseline data from GLORIA-AF phase 2 demonstrate that in newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients, NOAC have been highly adopted into practice, becoming more frequently prescribed than VKA in Europe and North America. Worldwide, however, a large proportion of patients remain undertreated, particularly in Asia and North America. (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation [GLORIA-AF]; NCT01468701

ВПЛИВ ТЕМПЕРАТУРИ ТЕРМІЧНОЇ ОБРОБКИ НА СТІЙКІСТЬ ДО МІЖКРИСТАЛІТНОЇ КОРОЗІЇ ЗВАРНИХ З'ЄДНАНЬ

Welded joints with corrosion-resistant steels and heat-resistant alloys requiring different modes of heat treatment to achieve the level of mechanical properties specified in the design documentation are used to manufacture parts and components of the rocket engine turbo-pump unit.For the manufacture of parts and assemblies of liquid-propellant rocket engines at the machine-building enterprises of Ukraine there was a necessity of replacement of half-finished products because of certain difficulties at delivery of materials from EU countries.First of all, it was necessary to replace flat products from high-alloy ХН67МВТЮ and 06Х15Н6МВФБ with one alloy that would possess the necessary set of physicomechanical characteristics. In the work, as a replacement for the used heat-resistant alloys, the Inconel 718 alloy welded to 316L steel was chosen. As a result of comparative studies of the intercrystalline corrosion resistance of welded joints of the heat-resistant Inconel 718 alloy with stainless steel, after testing various heat treatment conditions, the low-temperature heating conditions were recommended for soldering at a temperature of 950°C. Samples of welded joints, processed according to the recommended mode, showed increased corrosion resistance.Для изготовления деталей и узлов турбонасосного агрегата ракетного двигателя применяются сварные соединения с коррозионностойкими сталями и жаропрочными сплавами, требующие различных режимов термической обработки для достижения уровня механических свойств, указанных в конструкторской документации.При изготовлении деталей и узлов жидкостных ракетных двигателей, в связи с определенными трудностями при поставке материалов из стран ЕС, на машиностроительных предприятиях Украины возникла необходимость замены полуфабрикатов. В первую очередь необходима замена листового проката из высоколегированных сплавов ХН67МВТЮ и 06Х15Н6МВФБ на один сплав с высоким комплексом физико-механических характеристик. В работе в качестве замены применяемых жаропрочных сплавов выбран сплав Inconel 718 в сварном соединении со сталью 316L. В результате сравнительных исследований стойкости к межкристаллитной коррозии сварных соединений жаропрочного сплава Inconel 718 c нержавеющей сталью после различных режимов термической обработки рекомендован режим низкотемпературного нагрева при пайке при температуре 950 °С. Образцы сварных соединений, обработанные по рекомендованному режиму, показали повышенную коррозионную стойкость.Для виготовлення деталей і вузлів турбонасосного агрегату ракетного двигуна застосовуються зварні з'єднання з корозійностійкими сталями і жароміцними сплавами, які вимагають різних режимів термічної обробки для досягнення рівня механічних властивостей, зазначених в конструкторської документації.При виготовленні деталей і вузлів рідинних ракетних двигунів, у зв’язку з певними труднощами при постачанні матеріалів з країн ЄС, на машинобудівних підприємствах України виникла необхідність заміни напівфабрикатів. В першу чергу потрібна заміна листового прокату із високолегованих сплавів ХН67МВТЮ і 06Х15Н6МВФБ на один сплав, який володів би необхідним комплексом фізико-механічних характеристик. У роботі в якості заміни застосовуваних жароміцних сплавів обраний сплав Inconel 718 у зварному з'єднанні зі сталлю 316L. У результаті порівняльних досліджень стійкості до міжкристалітної корозії зварних з'єднань жароміцного сплаву Inconel 718 нержавіючої після різних режимів термічної обробки рекомендований режим низькотемпературного нагріву при пайці при температурі 950 °С. Зразки зварних з'єднань, оброблені за рекомендованим режимом, показали підвищену корозійну стійкіст