The practice of Tacaddud al-Zawjah under sharicah and neo-Ijtihad challenges among the contemporary Muslims

The practice of Tacaddud al-Zawjah (polygyny) among the contemporary Muslims has been criticized by some scholars of Islam in their juristic exercise of neo - Ijtihad despite the fact that the practice is permitted under Sharicah. This study aims at having a critical look at the practice of Tacaddud al-Zawjah in different Jahiliyyah societies, religious circle and under Sharicah during the time of the Prophet (S.A.W.) and the first generation of Muslims. Then, the study examines neo-Ijtihad legal exercise of some scholars of Islam and its influence on the contemporary Muslims

Adsorption of Dyes Using Different Types of Sand: A Review

The threat posed by increasing amount of dyes on daily basis, especially on our ecosystem, has brought a serious search for more efficient low-cost adsorbents. Sand is mixed with cement and water to make concrete, used in the manufacture of brick, glass and other materials, and it can also be used as a medium for the filtration of water. Sand, which is ubiquitous, has been used as an adsorbent because of its enormous availability in the local environment. This review reveals that further research must be conducted to bring to the fore the expansive laboratory, industrial and environmental usage of sand materials as dye adsorbents. Consequently, the usage of different types of sand in the field of adsorption science represents a viable and powerful tool, resulting into the superior improvement in pollution control and environmental preservation.KEYWORDS Adsorption, dyes, low-cost adsorbents, sand

Coffee Consumption Attenuates Insulin Resistance and Glucose Intolerance in Rats fed on High-Sucrose Diet

Summary: Several epidemiological evidences indicate that consumption of coffee is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) however; there is dearth of experimental data to support these  observations. Given that associations do not necessarily infer causality, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of coffee consumption on glucose regulation, T2DM and the probable mechanisms of action, using an animal model. The effect of coffee (2-fold dilution) by oral gavage on normal and high sucrose-solution (HSS) fed (30 % w/v) rats was evaluated. The results showed that consumption of coffee significantly increase  glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (p<0.05) along with significant  improvement in SOD and GSH activities. In addition, lipid indices such as TG and LDL as well as the lipid peroxidation marker (MDA) were markedly reduced (p<0.05) in rats fed with coffee compared with that of the HSS fed rats. These findings suggest that coffee consumption improves insulin  sensitivity, glucose tolerance in HSS-fed rat possibly via inhibition of  oxidative stress.Keywords: Coffee, Glucose Tolerance, Insulin resistance, Oxidative Stress, Sucros

Broad Embedded Logistic Regression Classifier for Prediction of Air Pressure Systems Failure

© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)In recent years, the latest maintenance modelling techniques that adopt the data-based method, such as machine learning (ML), have brought about a broad range of useful applications. One of the major challenges in the automotive industry is the early detection of component failure for quick response, proper action, and minimizing maintenance costs. A vital component of an automobile system is an air pressure system (APS). Failure of APS without adequate and quick responses may lead to high maintenance costs, loss of lives, and component damages. This paper addresses classification problem where we detect whether a fault does or does not belong to APS. If a failure occurs in APS, it is classified as positive class; otherwise, it is classified as negative class. Hence, in this paper, we propose broad embedded logistic regression (BELR). The proposed BELR is applied to predict APS failure. It combines a broad learning system (BLS) and logistic regression (LogR) classifier as a fusion model. The proposed approach capitalizes on the strength of BLS and LogR for a better APS failure prediction. Additionally, we employ the BLS’s feature-mapped nodes for extracting features from the input data. Additionally, we use the enhancement nodes of the BLS to enhance the features from feature-mapped nodes. Hence, we have features that can assist LogR for better classification performances, even when the data is skewed to the positive class or negative class. Furthermore, to prevent the curse of dimensionality, a common problem with high-dimensional data sets, we utilize principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce the data dimension. We validate the proposed BELR using the APS data set and compare the results with the other robust machine learning classifiers. The commonly used evaluation metrics, namely Recall, Precision, an F1-score, to evaluate the model performance. From the results, we validate that performance of the proposed BELR.Peer reviewe

Iron Oxide-Carbon Black Promotional Effect on Palladium Nanoparticles Toward Ethylene Glycol Oxidation in Alkaline Medium: Experimental and Computational Studies

\ua9 2023 The Authors. Energy Technology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.Direct alcohol fuel cells are the next-generation energy sources of the future due to their high power density. Palladium electrocatalysts are promising prospects for enhancing alcohol oxidation in alkaline media, but the higher cost and susceptibility to CO poisoning limit their application and commercialization. Thus, there is a need to improve the performance of the Pd electrocatalysts by utilizing a double supporting system. A microwave-assisted polyol method is used to synthesize the palladium nanoparticles supported on iron oxide-carbon black material (Pd/Fe2O3-CB). Physiochemical and electrochemical characterization of the obtained electrocatalysts materials is conducted to study morphology and the electrochemical behaviour of the as-synthesized electrocatalysts. The Pd/Fe2O3-CB displayed higher kinetics approved by a higher current density of 58.7 mA cm−2, stability, and durability, owing to Fe2O3, and CB incorporation. Density functional theory (DFT) proves that C from CO has more robust interactions with surface Pd, thereby explaining the stronger C-O binding property of Pd. The orbital analysis revealed that 3d orbitals of Pd participate in the hybridization with 2p orbitals of C and O. As a result, the overlap between C2p and Pd3d/Fe3d orbitals significantly broadened, leading to solid adsorption of CO over Pd/Fe2O3

Communicating the AMFm message: exploring the effect of communication and training interventions on private for-profit provider awareness and knowledge related to a multi-country anti-malarial subsidy intervention.

BACKGROUND: The Affordable Medicines Facility - malaria (AMFm), implemented at national scale in eight African countries or territories, subsidized quality-assured artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) and included communication campaigns to support implementation and promote appropriate anti-malarial use. This paper reports private for-profit provider awareness of key features of the AMFm programme, and changes in provider knowledge of appropriate malaria treatment. METHODS: This study had a non-experimental design based on nationally representative surveys of outlets stocking anti-malarials before (2009/10) and after (2011) the AMFm roll-out. RESULTS: Based on data from over 19,500 outlets, results show that in four of eight settings, where communication campaigns were implemented for 5-9 months, 76%-94% awareness of the AMFm 'green leaf' logo, 57%-74% awareness of the ACT subsidy programme, and 52%-80% awareness of the correct recommended retail price (RRP) of subsidized ACT were recorded. However, in the remaining four settings where communication campaigns were implemented for three months or less, levels were substantially lower. In six of eight settings, increases of at least 10 percentage points in private for-profit providers' knowledge of the correct first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria were seen; and in three of these the levels of knowledge achieved at endline were over 80%. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the interpretation that, in addition to the availability of subsidized ACT, the intensity of communication campaigns may have contributed to the reported levels of AMFm-related awareness and knowledge among private for-profit providers. Future subsidy programmes for anti-malarials or other treatments should similarly include communication activities