A multivariate statistical study with a factor analysis of recent planktonic foraminiferal distribution in the Coromandel Coast of India

A study of planktonic foraminiferal assemblages from 19 stations in the neritic and oceanic regions off the Coromandel Coast, Bay of Bengal has been made using a multivariate statistical method termed as factor analysis. On the basis of abundance, 17 foraminiferal species, species were clustered into 5 groups with row normalisation and varimax rotation for Q-mode factor analysis. The 19 stations were also grouped into 5 groups with only 2 groups statistically significant using column normalisation and varimax rotation for R-mode analysis. This assemblage grouping method is suitable because groups of species/stations can explain the maximum amount of variation in them in relation to prevailing environmental conditions in the area of study

Diffusion of a chemically reactive species of a power-law fluid past a stretching surface

A numerical solution for the steady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) non-Newtonian power-law fluid flow over a continuously moving surface with species concentration and chemical reaction has been obtained. The viscous flow is driven solely by the linearly stretching sheet, and the reactive species emitted from this sheet undergoes an isothermal and homogeneous one-stage reaction as it diffuses into the surrounding fluid. Using a similarity transformation, the governing non-linear partial differential equations are transformed into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The governing equations of the mathematical model show that the flow and mass transfer characteristics depend on six parameters, namely, the power-law index, the magnetic parameter, the local Grashof number with respect to species diffusion, the modified Schmidt number, the reaction rate parameter, and the wall concentration parameter. Numerical solutions for these coupled equations are obtained by the KellerBox method, and the solutions obtained are presented through graphs and tables. The numerical results obtained reveal that the magnetic field significantly increases the magnitude of the skin friction, but slightly reduces the mass transfer rate. However, the surface mass transfer strongly depends on the modified Schmidt number and the reaction rate parameter; it increases with increasing values of these parameters. The results obtained reveal many interesting behaviors that warrant further study of the equations related to non-Newtonian fluid phenomena, especially shear-thinning phenomena. Shear thinning reduces the wall shear stress. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Convergence of Ishikawa Iteration Process for General Class of Function

In this paper, we introduce a general class of function and prove the convergence result of Ishikawa iteration considered in Banach spaces

The effect of variable viscosity on MHD viscoelastic fluid flow and heat transfer over a stretching sheet

An analysis has been carried out to study the momentum and heat transfer characteristics in an incompressible electrically conducting non-Newtonian boundary layer flow of a viscoelastic fluid over a stretching sheet. The partial differential equations governing the flow and heat transfer characteristics are converted into highly non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations by similarity transformations. The effect of variable fluid viscosity, Magnetic parameter, Prandtl number, variable thermal conductivity, heat source/sink parameter and thermal radiation parameter are analyzed for velocity, temperature fields, and wall temperature gradient. The resultant coupled highly non-linear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by employing a shooting technique with fourth order Runge-Kutta integration scheme. The fluid viscosity and thermal conductivity, respectively, assumed to vary as an inverse and linear function of temperature. The analysis reveals that the wall temperature profile decreases significantly due to increase in magnetic field parameter. Further, it is noticed that the skin friction of the sheet decreases due to increase in the Magnetic parameter of the flow characteristics. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Respiration rate model for mature green capsicum (Capsicum annum L.) under closed aerobic atmospheric conditions

The respiration rate of green capsicum cv. ‘Swarna’ fruits harvested at mature green stage were determined under closed system at 10, 15 and 20 ºC temperatures. A simple Michaelis-Menten kinetic model coupled with Arrhenius-type equation, which describes temperature as a function of respiration rate, was used to model the respiration rate of capsicum. The respiration rate model parameters at defined temperature were estimated by fitting the model to the experimental set of data by non-linear regression analysis method. The respiration rate of green mature capsicum was influenced by the temper¬ature. The Arrhenius equation well described the relationship between enzyme kinematics model parameters and temperature. The values of Michaelis-Menten constant for oxygen (Kmo2) and carbon dioxide (Kmco2) were found to vary from 2.14 to 3.92 and 1.33 to 3.24, respectively at different temperature. Experimental and predicted RRO2 values for mature green capsicum was found to be ranged from 9.54 to 14.54 and 11.81 to 17.52 mg/kg-h, respectively. Whereas, the experimental and predicted RRCO2 were 20.1 to 38.51 and 22.15 to 39.83 mg/ kg-h, respectively

Management of Vatarakta (Gouty Arthritis) in Ayurveda - A Review

Vatarakta is a Vatapradhana Tridoshaja Vyadhi where Raakt is main Dushya. It is described under Vatavyadhi Chikitsa in Sushruta while Charaka has emphasised it in a separate chapter for Vatarakta after Vatavyadhi Chikitsa. It is a chronic and complex metabolic disorder of musculoskeletal system and characterised by severe pain, tenderness, inflammation and burning sensation in the affected joints. Vatarakta is an illness where in both Vata and Rakta are afflicted by distinct causative factors. The etiology, pathology and clinical features of Gouty Arthritis are quite similar to that of Vatarakta. Rapid modernization, Junk food culture, stressful life and urbanisation are the markers for prevalence of Vatarakta. Due to excruciating pain, inflammation, joint deformity and restricted joint movements with the risk of various complications like Chronic Kidney Disease and Urate Nephrolithiasis, it is necessary to have an overall review on all aspects of disease for treatment. Because of the morbidity, chronicity, incurability and complications, the management of Vatarakta is a difficult task. Hence an attempt has been made to focus on Shamana Aushadis and Shodhana procedures recommended in different authentic texts of Ayurveda. Evaluation of efficacy and framing certain guideline protocols for the budding Pharmaceutical and Clinical Researchers as a readymade reckoner are the main aim and objectives of this review

Low temperature synthesis and characterization of ZnTiO3 by sol-gel method

ZnTiO3 nanoparticles were prepared by a modified sol-gel method at the low sintering temperature of 550 °C. Titanium tetra isopropoxide and Zinc acetate dihydrate (C4H10O6Zn(H2O)2) materials were used as a source of titanium and zinc, respectively. The prepared nanopowders were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission Scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD patterns and Raman spectra revealed that in the temperature range of 550 to 800 °C, ZnTiO3 is the only zinc titanate compound exists in the samples. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/930

Effect of Pulse Voltage Trimming on Different Characteristics of Polymer Thick Film Resistors

AbstractIn this work we study in more details the impact of pulse voltage trimming on different characteristics of thick film resistors based on (PVC-Graphite) resistor compositions. This study focuses on the change of resistivity, thermal coefficient of resistance and current noise. In order to realize a non cut trimming without damage to the resistor surface of thick film resistors for electronic devices, a pulse voltage trimming method (PVTM) has been developed. This trimming method having resistance adjustments are due to pulse peak voltage and the number of pulse group. TCR and current noise of trimmed resistors are considerably improved by this trimming technique in the case of higher resistivity materials and worsen in the case of lower resistivity materials and there is no loss in power handling capacity of trimmed resistors. We propose a description of pulse voltage trimming which can explain the observed changes in characteristics of the samples