10 research outputs found
Nonequilibrium wetting
When a nonequilibrium growing interface in the presence of a wall is
considered a nonequilibrium wetting transition may take place. This transition
can be studied trough Langevin equations or discrete growth models. In the
first case, the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation, which defines a very robust
universality class for nonequilibrium moving interfaces, with a soft-wall
potential is considered. While in the second, microscopic models, in the
corresponding universality class, with evaporation and deposition of particles
in the presence of hard-wall are studied. Equilibrium wetting is related to a
particular case of the problem, it corresponds to the Edwards-Wilkinson
equation with a potential in the continuum approach or to the fulfillment of
detailed balance in the microscopic models. In this review we present the
analytical and numerical methods used to investigate the problem and the very
rich behavior that is observed with them.Comment: Review, 36 pages, 16 figure
Comparison between 2D and 3D computed tomography evaluation of glenoid bone defect in unilateral anterior gleno-humeral instability
Obiettivo. Scopo del nostro lavoro \ue8 stato valutare la
concordanza tra misurazioni bidimensionali (2D) e
tridimensionali (3D) con tomografi a computerizzata (TC)
nella identifi cazione delle dimensioni e del tipo di difetto
osseo di glena nell\u2019instabilit\ue0 gleno-omerale anteriore.
Materiali e metodi. Cento pazienti con instabilit\ue0 glenoomerale
anteriore monolaterale hanno eseguito esame TC
delle spalle. Le immagini sono state riformate sia con il
metodo 2D (multi-planar reconstruction, MPR) che 3D
(volume rendering technique, VRT). L\u2019area del difetto di
glena \ue8 stata calcolata in confronto con la glena sana
ed \ue8 stata espressa in percentuale. La concordanza tra
le due misurazioni \ue8 stata valutata con il metodo Bland-
Altman; una differenza media del 5% \ue8 stata considerata
clinicamente signifi cativa.
Risultati. L\u2019analisi della concordanza tra le misurazioni
MPR e VRT della percentuale di glena mancante ha
mostrato una differenza media di 0,62%\ub11,96%. La
concordanza percentuale tra le due misurazioni nel
valutare la grandezza del difetto osseo \ue8 stata del 97%
(p<0,0001). La concordanza percentuale nel discriminare
il tipo di difetto osseo \ue8 stata del 97% (p<0,0001).
Conclusioni. La concordanza tra misurazioni TC 2D
(MPR) e 3D (VRT) nell\u2019identifi care le dimensioni ed
il tipo di difetto osseo di glena nell\u2019instabilit\ue0 glenoomerale
anteriore \ue8 stata cos\uec alta da poterle considerare
intercambiabili.Purpose. This study evaluated the agreement between
2D and 3D computed tomography (CT) measurements
in identifying the size and type of glenoid-bone defect in
anterior glenohumeral instability.
Materials and methods. One hundred patients affected by
unilateral anterior glenohumeral instability underwent a
CT of both shoulders. Images were processed with both
2D [multiplanar reconstruction (MPR)] and 3D [volumerendering
(VR)] methods. The area of the missing glenoid
was calculated in comparison with the healthy glenoid and
expressed as a percentage. Agreement between the two
measurements was assessed according to the Bland-Altman
method; a 5% mean difference was considered as clinically
relevant.
Results. Analysis of agreement between MPR and VR
measurements of the percentage of missing glenoid
showed a mean difference equal to 0.62%\ub11.96%. Percent
agreement between the two measurements in detecting
the presence of bone defect was 97% (p<0.0001).
Percent agreement between the two measurements
in discriminating the type of bone defect was 97%
(p<0.0001).
Conclusions. Agreement between 2D (MPR) and 3D
(VR) CT measurements to identify the size and type of
glenoid-bone defect in anterior glenohumeral instability
was so high that the two measurements can be considered
interchangeable