Role of Changes in Cell Fatty Acids Composition in the Increasing of Frost Resistance of Winter Wheat Suspension Culture

Influences of low temperatures (4 and 8 ° С) on the frost tolerance and fatty acid compositions of cells in a winter wheat suspension culture have been studied. It has been found that treatment of the culture with 4 °C (7 days) did not protect cells from subsequent freezing temperature action (-8 °С, 6 h) and was not accompanied significant changes in the fatty acid composition. On the contrary, the treatment of the culture with the temperature 8 °C (7 days) prevented the death caused by freezing temperature and the content of saturated fatty acids decreased: pentadecanoic acid (by 35,0%), palmitic acid (by 19,9%) and stearic acid (by 65,4%), and the content of α-linolenic acid increased by 94%. That was the cause of the double bond index (DBI) increase by 16%. The role of fatty acids composition changes in the process of increasing frost tolerance in plants are discussed

Widespread of scleroma. A rare clinical case

Scleroma is a chronic infectious disease characterized by developing inflammation nye granulomas, mainly of the upper respiratory tract, with subsequent scarring. The reasons for the development of scleroma remain unclear, but it is generally accepted that the gram-negative coccal bacterium Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis (pas-Volkovich’s loch - Frisch) is the causative agent of this disease. Endemic in the spread of scleroma is considered There are tropical and temperate zones such as Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, South America and Central America. Features of development scleroma in the present case and the complexity of the diagnosis caused by atypical, the rapid development of the disease, the greater prevalence of the process (including the orbit), with the transition to the soft tissues of the cheek bone and upper jaw, which is not typical for scleroma. The process was primarily localized in the left maxillary sinus and mimicked sinusitis. The presence of radicular cysts and darkening of the left maxillary sinus on radiographs, taking into account the clinical picture of the disease, were interpreted incorrectly, which led to the establishment of an incorrect diagnosis and subsequent surgical interventions. More targeted and consistent examination of histo-the logical material obtained after three surgical interventions made it possible to identify the characteristic signs scleroma, establish the correct diagnosis and prescribe effective treatment. In our case, we applied Ciprofloxacin course for 3 months at a maximum daily dose of 2000 mg in combination with probiotics. During treatment, it was noted a significant improvement in the patient’s well-being, facial pains became less intense, a decrease in the volume of ma tissues of the left cheek and improved nasal breathing. © 2021, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved

МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ТЕЛЕКОММУНИКАЦИОННОГО ТРАФИКА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ СТОХАСТИЧЕСКИХ МУЛЬТИФРАКТАЛЬНЫХ КАСКАДНЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ

In the work the simulation of telecommunications traffic has been examined, which has multifractal properties, based on a mathematical model of the stochastic multiplicative cascade, the weights of which are beta probability distribution.Анотаці

The Study of the Effects of Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge Low Temperature Plasma Products on Spring and Winter Wheat Germination

The use of ion-plasma technologies for treatment of seeds of different crop plants is particularly important for regions that exist in environment of risk farming. This is due to the lack of supplies in the treatment, durability, reliability and performance of these technologies. However, the mixed results of studies obtained for different species and varieties of seeds, make it necessary to detail compare the effects of the low-temperature plasma products for different cultures. This paper presents the results of experimental studies of the effects of plasma products of surface dielectric barrier discharge on the germination of spring and winter wheat. It has been shown that irrespective of time and the exposure intensity laboratory germination of spring wheat seeds reduced of 74% in the control group to 52% of the treated seeds, while the germination of wheat seeds is not reduced even at a relatively long exposure (20 min). The modes of treatment (3 min, 2.1-2.4 kV) at which germination of winter wheat seeds increase from 81% in the control group to 87% of the treated seeds have been selected. Resistance of winter wheat seed germination to the product of the discharge plasma can be used to form the conditions for safe suppression of a variety of pathogenic organisms on the surface of seeds

Аналіз механізмів підвищення ефективності промислових кремнієвих сонячних батарей

Досліджено можливості підвищення ефективності понад 20 % для кремнієвих фотоелектричних перетворювачів китайського виробництва. Методом комп'ютерного моделювання встановлено, що реалізовані в таких фотоелектричних перетворювачах часи життя нерівноважних носіїв заряду, які складають 520 мкс, не обмежують можливість збільшення їх ККД понад 20 %. Показано, що збільшення густини фотоструму до 43,1 мА/см2 призводить до зростання ККД до 20,1 %, а зниження густини діодного струму насичення до 3,1∙10 – 14 A/см2 зумовлює зростання ККД до 20,4 %. Одночасна зміна цих діодних характеристик призводить до збільшення ККД до 23,1 %. У роботі пропонуються фізикотехнологічні підходи для збільшення густини фотоструму і зменшення густини діодного струму насичення в готових фотоелектричних перетворювачах. У статті проведено дослідження впливу робочої температури на ефективність кристалічних кремнієвих фотоелектричних перетворювачів. Показано, що зі зростанням робочої температури відносне зниження ККД монокристалічних приладів становить – 0,7 відн. %/C, що істотно вище, ніж в приладових структурах європейського виробництва і обумовлено нетрадиційним зниженням густини струму короткого замикання. Математичне моделювання впливу світлових діодних характеристик на ККД кристалічних кремнієвих сонячних елементів показало, що зменшення ефективності приладових структур при збільшенні робочої температури обумовлено не тільки зростанням густини діодного струму насичення з 10 – 13 до 3·10 – 13 А, що складає 300 %, але й зниженням шунтуючого опору з 2,5 до 1,5 кОм. Дослідження впливу робочої температури на діодний струм насичення показало, що висота потенційного бар'єру в досліджених кремнієвих фотоелектричних перетворювачах складає 0,87 еВ, що обумовлено недостанім рівнем легування базового матеріалу. Обмеженість висоти потенційного бар'єру призводить до нетрадиційного зниження електроопору, що шунтує, при збільшенні робочої температури.Possibilities of increasing the efficiency by more than 20 % for silicon photoelectric converters made in China have been investigated. It has been established by the method of computer simulation that the lifetimes of nonequilibrium charge carriers, which are 520 µs, realized in such photoelectric converters, do not limit the possibility of increasing their efficiency by more than 20 %. It has been shown that an increase in the photocurrent density to 43.1 mA/cm2 leads to an increase in the efficiency to 20.1 %, and a decrease in the diode saturation current density to 3.1∙10 – 14 A/cm2 leads to an increase in the efficiency to 20.4 %. Simultaneous change of these diode characteristics leads to an increase in the efficiency to 23.1 %. The paper proposes physical and technological approaches to increase the photocurrent density and reduce the diode saturation current density in ready-made photovoltaic converters. The study of the influence of operating temperature on the efficiency of crystalline silicon photoelectric converters has been carried out in the article. It has been shown that with increasing operating temperature the relative decrease in the efficiency of single-crystal devices is – 0.7 relative %/C, which is significantly higher than in the device structures of European production and due to non-traditional decrease in short-circuit current density. Mathematical modeling of the influence of light-emitting diode characteristics on the efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells showed that a decrease in the efficiency of device structures with increasing operating temperature is due not only to an increase in diode saturation current density from 10 – 13 to 3·10 – 13 A, which is 300 %, but also by reducing the shunt resistance from 2.5 to 1.5 kOhm. A study of the effect of operating temperature on the diode saturation current showed that the height of the potential barrier in the studied silicon photovoltaic converters is 0.87 eV due to the insufficient level of doping of the base material. The limited height of the potential barrier leads to an unconventional decrease in the shunt resistance with increasing operating temperature

TeV J2032+4130 - very high energy gamma-ray source of unresolved nature

The Cygnus Region is one of the brightest regions in all ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum and contains a number of potential GeV and TeV emission sources. It includes active star formation regions, pulsars and supernova remnants. Some of the sources have been detected at high and very high energies. One of them discovered due to its proximity to the well-known microquasar Cyg X-3 is the object TeV J2032+4130. This object is still of unresolved nature and is being intensively studied in different energy ranges. The results of twenty-year observations of TeV J2032+4130 by the SHALON experiment are presented in this paper. The collected experimental data on fluxes, spectrum shape and morphology of TeV J2032+413 can help in the future to determine an object type and reveal mechanisms of generation of very high energy emission

TeV J2032+4130 - very high energy gamma-ray source of unresolved nature

The Cygnus Region is one of the brightest regions in all ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum and contains a number of potential GeV and TeV emission sources. It includes active star formation regions, pulsars and supernova remnants. Some of the sources have been detected at high and very high energies. One of them discovered due to its proximity to the well-known microquasar Cyg X-3 is the object TeV J2032+4130. This object is still of unresolved nature and is being intensively studied in different energy ranges. The results of twenty-year observations of TeV J2032+4130 by the SHALON experiment are presented in this paper. The collected experimental data on fluxes, spectrum shape and morphology of TeV J2032+413 can help in the future to determine an object type and reveal mechanisms of generation of very high energy emission

Структура железосодержащих сплавов на основе α-Zr

Представлены результаты исследования структурно-фазового состояния деформированных и отожженных железосодержащих сплавов на основе α-Zr, проведенного с помощью электронной микроскопии и анализа микродифракции. Морфология структуры циркониевых сплавов характеризуется выделением частиц второй фазы как по границам зерен, так и по всему объему. Формирование выделений по объему и границам зерен поликристалла зависит от температуры отжига. При температурах отжига, близким к температуре полигонизации структуры матрицы, вторая фаза выделяется в объеме зерна. По мере увеличения температуры отжига выделения формируются как по всему объему, так и по границам. In work results of an experimental research of a structural-phase condition deformed and annealed ferriferous alloys on a basis α-Zr, spent by means of electronic microscopy and microdiffraction measurement are presented. Processes of return and recrystallization alloys are analysed. The structure morphology zirconium alloys is characterised by allocation of particles of the second phase on borders of grains, and on all volume. Formation allocations in certain places of a polycrystal depends temperatures anneal. At temperatures anneal close to temperatures at which there is cell formation structures a second phase it is allocated in grain volume. In samples about temperature anneal to 500°С the second phase allocate mainly in grain volume. In process of temperature increase anneal allocation are formed both on all volume, and on borders. Приведені результати експериментального дослідження структурно-фазового стану деформованих відпалених залізовмісних сплавів на основі α-Zr, проведеного за допомогою електронної мікроскопії і виміру мікродифракції. Проаналізовані процеси повернення і рекристалізації сплавів. Морфологія структури цирконієвих сплавів характеризується виділенням часток другої фази як по кордонах зерен, так і у всьому об’ємі. Формування виділень в певних місцях полікристала залежить від температури відпалу. При температурах відпалу близьким до температур, при яких відбувається полігонізация структури друга фаза виділяється в об'ємі зерна