1,670 research outputs found
Older people and preventive home visits
In 1996, national preventive efforts for the elderly were introduced in Denmark with a general offer of home visits by preventive staff.The focal point of the preventive home visits has been the functional decline and the corresponding early and coordinated follow-up activities. This has proved an extremely suitable instrument in activities aimed at maintaining elderly people's autonomy, independence, and functional ability, in allowing them to continue taking care of themselves
A systematic review of pedagogies that support, engage and improve the educational outcomes of Aboriginal students
This review analyses studies that identify pedagogies to support, engage and improve Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander student outcomes. Some studies focus on pedagogies to support and engage, while others describe pedagogies that are designed to improve engagement, attendance and academic skills. The role of context emerges as a key theme, particularly in remote areas. In larger studies, Aboriginal students are often a subset of a larger student group, included because of socio-economic status and achievement levels. Key findings indicate a disconnect between practice and outcomes where links to improved outcomes are by implication rather than evidence. Further, definitions and detail about pedagogies are mostly absent, relying on ‘common understandings’ of what pedagogy means. This review highlights that most of the research identifies effective pedagogies to engage and support Aboriginal students rather than to improve their educational outcomes
Fisheries Sciences
The history of fisheries research in India goes back to the early 19th century,
when dried or preserved material was sent to the Museums of Natural History in
England and other European countries for identification and cataloguing (Silas,
2003). Some of the earliest scientific observations on fisheries in pre-independent
India were the works of Francis Hamilton-Buchanan (1822) and Francis Day,
whose initial work on ‘The Fishes of Malabar’ (1865), was followed by a
monograph on ‘The Fishes of India’ (1875-78); and two more volumes on ‘Fishes’
in ‘The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma’ (1889).
The enactment of Indian Fisheries Act of 1897 was a major landmark in the
development of fisheries in pre-independent India. In the latter half of 19th century,
emphasis on coastal and deep-water surveys in the Bay of Bengal and Andaman
Sea led to possession of valuable information on new deepwater fauna of fishes
and crustaceans, hydrology and plankton. The initial work by the Zoological
Survey of India on fisheries and marine biology through eminent leadership of its
Directors, viz. Nelsen Annandale, Stanley Kemp, Seymour Sewell, Baini Prasad
and S. L. Hora during first half of the 20th century led to generation of several
first hand information on the taxonomy, bionomics, eco-biology, hydrology, and
fish and fisheries of upland lakes, rivers and coastal waters. The emphasis shifted
from coastal and deep-water surveys in the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea to
upland lakes, rivers and coastal waters in the beginning of the 20th century. With
the establishment of the Bureau of Fisheries in 1907, the Madras Presidency
became the pioneer for fisheries development in India. Establishment of the Marine
Biological Station at Krusadai Island in 1924 and subsequently at West Hill and
Ennore led to organized research programmes on pearl and chank fisheries in the
Gulf of Mannar
Control sideband generation for dual-recycled laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors
We present a discussion of the problems associated with generation of multiple control sidebands for length sensing and control of dual-recycled, cavity-enhanced Michelson interferometers and the motivation behind more complicated sideband generation methods. We focus on the Mach–Zehnder interferometer as a topological solution to the problem and present results from tests carried out at the Caltech 40 m prototype gravitational wave detector. The consequences for sensing and control for advanced interferometry are discussed, as are the implications for future interferometers such as Advanced LIGO
dc readout experiment at the Caltech 40m prototype interferometer
The Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) operates a 40m prototype interferometer on the Caltech campus. The primary mission of the prototype is to serve as an experimental testbed for upgrades to the LIGO interferometers and for gaining experience with advanced interferometric techniques, including detuned resonant sideband extraction (i.e. signal recycling) and dc readout (optical homodyne detection). The former technique will be employed in Advanced LIGO, and the latter in both Enhanced and Advanced LIGO. Using dc readout for gravitational wave signal extraction has several technical advantages, including reduced laser and oscillator noise couplings as well as reduced shot noise, when compared to the traditional rf readout technique (optical heterodyne detection) currently in use in large-scale ground-based interferometric gravitational wave detectors. The Caltech 40m laboratory is currently prototyping a dc readout system for a fully suspended interferometric gravitational wave detector. The system includes an optical filter cavity at the interferometer's output port, and the associated controls and optics to ensure that the filter cavity is optimally coupled to the interferometer. We present the results of measurements to characterize noise couplings in rf and dc readout using this system
Measurement of Optical Response of a Detuned Resonant Sideband Extraction Interferometer
We report on the optical response of a suspended-mass detuned resonant
sideband extraction (RSE) interferometer with power recycling. The purpose of
the detuned RSE configuration is to manipulate and optimize the optical
response of the interferometer to differential displacements (induced by
gravitational waves) as a function of frequency, independently of other
parameters of the interferometer. The design of our interferometer results in
an optical gain with two peaks: an RSE optical resonance at around 4 kHz and a
radiation pressure induced optical spring at around 41 Hz. We have developed a
reliable procedure for acquiring lock and establishing the desired optical
configuration. In this configuration, we have measured the optical response to
differential displacement and found good agreement with predictions at both
resonances and all other relevant frequencies. These results build confidence
in both the theory and practical implementation of the more complex optical
configuration being planned for Advanced LIGO.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, for submission to Phys Rev Letter
On Passion and Sports Fans:A Look at Football
The purpose of the present research was to test the applicability of the Dualistic Model of Passion (Vallerand et al., 2003) to being a sport (football) fan. The model posits that passion is a strong inclination toward an activity that individuals like (or even love), that they value, and in which they invest time and energy. Furthermore, two types of passion are proposed: harmonious and obsessive passion. While obsessive passion entails an uncontrollable urge to engage in the passionate activity, harmonious passion entails a sense of volition while engaging in the activity. Finally, the model posits that harmonious passion leads to more adaptive outcomes than obsessive passion. Three studies provided support for this dualistic conceptualization of passion. Study 1 showed that harmonious passion was positively associated with adaptive behaviours (e.g., celebrate the team’s victory), while obsessive passion was rather positively associated with maladaptive behaviours (e.g., to risk losing one’s employment to go to the team’s game). Study 2 used a short Passion Scale and showed that harmonious passion was positively related to the positive affective life of fans during the 2006 FIFA World Cup, psychological health (self-esteem and life satisfaction), and public displays of adaptive behaviours (e.g., celebrating one’s team victory in the streets), while obsessive passion was predictive of maladaptive affective life (e.g., hating opposing team’s fans) and behaviours (e.g., mocking the opposing team’s fans). Finally, Study 3 examined the role of obsessive passion as a predictor of partner’s conflict that in turn undermined partner’s relationship satisfaction. Overall, the present results provided support for the Dualistic Model of Passion. The conceptual and applied implications of the findings are discussed
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Requiem on the positive effects of commercial adaptive cruise control on motorway traffic and recommendations for future automated driving systems
Analysis of the Origin of Atypical Scanning Laser Polarimetry Patterns by Polarization-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography
PURPOSE. To analyze the physical origin of atypical scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) patterns. To compare polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) scans to SLP images. To present a method to obtain pseudo-SLP images by PS-OCT that are free of atypical artifacts. METHODS. Forty-one eyes of healthy subjects, subjects with suspected glaucoma, and patients with glaucoma were imaged by SLP (GDx VCC) and a prototype spectral domain PS-OCT system. The PS-OCT system acquires three-dimensional (3D) datasets of intensity, retardation, and optic axis orientation simultaneously within 3 seconds. B-scans of intensity and retardation and en face maps of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) retardation were derived from the 3D PS-OCT datasets. Results were compared with those obtained by SLP. RESULTS. Twenty-two eyes showed atypical retardation patterns, and 19 eyes showed normal patterns. From the 22 atypical eyes, 15 showed atypical patterns in both imaging modalities, five were atypical only in SLP images, and two were atypical only in PS-OCT images. In most (15 of 22) atypical cases, an increased penetration of the probing beam into the birefringent sclera was identified as the source of atypical patterns. In such cases, the artifacts could be eliminated in PS-OCT images by depth segmentation and exclusion of scleral signals. CONCLUSIONS. PS-OCT provides deeper insight into the contribution of different fundus layers to SLP images. Increased light penetration into the sclera can distort SLP retardation patterns of the RNFL. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008;49:5366 -5372
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