Effect of Fine Motor Activities to Improve Activities of Daily Living on Upper Extremity Essential Tremor in Geriatric Population

BACK GROUND OF THE STUDY: Patients with Essential Tremor have been found to exhibit upper extremity tremor as more obvious. This upper extremity tremor significantly affects an individual ability to perform everyday task, fulfill former roles and maintain personal-social relationship. This study is to determine whether occupational therapy intervention of fine motor activity protocol based on manual dexterity and coordination activities would effectively improve the activities of daily living among essential tremor in geriatric population. AIM: The aim of the study was to find out the “Effect of Fine Motor Activities to Improve Activities of Daily Living on Upper Extremity Essential Tremor in Geriatric Population”. METHODOLOGY: A total of 30 patients suffering from essential tremor were selected and randomly allocated to the experimental and controls till the number of 15 subjects were reached in each group matched for age gender and chronic of illness. Assessments were done to measure the upper extremity tremor using Glass Scale, Archimedes Spiral Drawing and functional independence was measured using Tremor Activities of Daily Living Scale (TADLS). A structured occupational therapy intervention of fine motor protocol based on manual dexterity and coordination activities was tailored and implemented. RESULT: After implementation patients who received occupational therapy intervention showed significant improvement in the area of fine motor activity and functional independence. DISCUSSION: Occupational therapy strategies depends primarily in systematic gradation and training of task parameters and functional adaptation which has yielded an improvement in the underlying upper extremity tremor and provided much benefit for community living. The findings say that improvement of daily living functions was related to improvement of functional independence and reduce the level of upper extremity tremor after intervention. CONCLUSION: There is a significant improvement in upper extremity essential tremor in geriatric population who receive fine motor activity protocol based on manual dexterity and coordination activities of occupational therapy intervention

Vehicle Tracking And Accident Detection Using IoT

With the advent of modern technology has made our life simple, comfortable luxurious compared to the previous years. Now a day’s people are more habituated to vehicles for travelling purpose because of its ease and time consumption. Thus there is 31increase in usage of vehicles leading to increase in traffic causing many people to die due to road accidents. This paper is about a system that prevents the accident of vehicles which gives more likely to lower the accidents takes place daily on roads and at the same time if any accident occurs the system will locate the vehicles location and informs to local emergency authorities automatically helps to take immediate and appropriate actions. This system is based on Arduino developed with Global Positioning System (GPS) to identify the vehicle's location and Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) technologies. A motion sensor gyroscope with 3-axis gyroscope and 3-axis accelerometer is used that measures the vehicles velocity and tilting position when the vehicle hits by something. When the vehicle velocity is more than the defined maximum for the particular location a warning will be given automatically and if any accident occurs the geographical coordinates of place are located by GPS and sends an SMS to the authorities nearby

Enantioselective Synthesis of Antiepileptic Drug: (-)-Levetiracetam-Synthetic Applications of the Versatile New Chiral N-Sul�nimine

We report an asymmetric synthesis of (-)-Levetiracetam (1) in six steps starting from versatile new chiral N-sul�nimine (3). e key step, stereoselective 1,2-addition of ethylmagnesium bromide (EtMgBr) to chiral N-sul�nimine derived from (R)-glyceraldehyde acetonide and (S)-t-BSA, gave the corresponding sulfonamide (2) in high diastereoselectivity. Simultaneous deprotection and deacetylation followed by NaIO 4 cleavage and reduction gave -amino alcohol (6). Subsequent reactions yielded the targeted compound levetiracetam (1)

Mitochondrial Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase Independent Import of tRNA Lysine into Yeast Mitochondria

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases play a central role in protein synthesis by charging tRNAs with amino acids. Yeast mitochondrial lysyl tRNA synthetase (Msk1), in addition to the aminoacylation of mitochondrial tRNA, also functions as a chaperone to facilitate the import of cytosolic lysyl tRNA. In this report, we show that human mitochondrial Kars (lysyl tRNA synthetase) can complement the growth defect associated with the loss of yeast Msk1 and can additionally facilitate the in vitro import of tRNA into mitochondria. Surprisingly, the import of lysyl tRNA can occur independent of Msk1 in vivo. This suggests that an alternative mechanism is present for the import of lysyl tRNA in yeast

Current strategies for treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration: substitution and regeneration possibilities

Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration has an annual worldwide socioeconomic impact masked as low back pain of over 70 billion euros. This disease has a high prevalence over the working age class, which raises the socioeconomic impact over the years. Acute physical trauma or prolonged intervertebral disc mistreatment triggers a biochemical negative tendency of catabolic-anabolic balance that progress to a chronic degeneration disease. Current biomedical treatments are not only ineffective in the long-run, but can also cause degeneration to spread to adjacent intervertebral discs. Regenerative strategies are desperately needed in the clinics, such as: minimal invasive nucleus pulposus or annulus fibrosus treatments, total disc replacement, and cartilaginous endplates decalcification. Main Body: Herein, it is reviewed the state-of-the-art of intervertebral disc regeneration strategies from the perspective of cells, scaffolds, or constructs, including both popular and unique tissue engineering approaches. The premises for cell type and origin selection or even absence of cells is being explored. Choice of several raw materials and scaffold fabrication methods are evaluated. Extensive studies have been developed for fully regeneration of the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus, together or separately, with a long set of different rationales already reported. Recent works show promising biomaterials and processing methods applied to intervertebral disc substitutive or regenerative strategies. Facing the abundance of studies presented in the literature aiming intervertebral disc regeneration it is interesting to observe how cartilaginous endplates have been extensively neglected, being this a major source of nutrients and water supply for the whole disc. Conclusion: Severalinnovative avenues for tackling intervertebral disc degeneration are being reported â from acellular to cellular approaches, but the cartilaginous endplates regeneration strategies remain unaddressed. Interestingly, patient-specific approaches show great promise in respecting patient anatomy and thus allow quicker translation to the clinics in the near future.The authors would like to acknowledge the support provided by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through the project EPIDisc (UTAP-EXPL/BBBECT/0050/2014), funded in the Framework of the “International Collaboratory for Emerging Technologies, CoLab”, UT Austin|Portugal Program. The FCT distinctions attributed to J. Miguel Oliveira (IF/00423/2012 and IF/01285/ 2015) and J. Silva-Correia (IF/00115/2015) under the Investigator FCT program are also greatly acknowledged.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The development and validation of a scoring tool to predict the operative duration of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Background: The ability to accurately predict operative duration has the potential to optimise theatre efficiency and utilisation, thus reducing costs and increasing staff and patient satisfaction. With laparoscopic cholecystectomy being one of the most commonly performed procedures worldwide, a tool to predict operative duration could be extremely beneficial to healthcare organisations. Methods: Data collected from the CholeS study on patients undergoing cholecystectomy in UK and Irish hospitals between 04/2014 and 05/2014 were used to study operative duration. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was produced in order to identify significant independent predictors of long (> 90 min) operations. The resulting model was converted to a risk score, which was subsequently validated on second cohort of patients using ROC curves. Results: After exclusions, data were available for 7227 patients in the derivation (CholeS) cohort. The median operative duration was 60 min (interquartile range 45–85), with 17.7% of operations lasting longer than 90 min. Ten factors were found to be significant independent predictors of operative durations > 90 min, including ASA, age, previous surgical admissions, BMI, gallbladder wall thickness and CBD diameter. A risk score was then produced from these factors, and applied to a cohort of 2405 patients from a tertiary centre for external validation. This returned an area under the ROC curve of 0.708 (SE = 0.013, p  90 min increasing more than eightfold from 5.1 to 41.8% in the extremes of the score. Conclusion: The scoring tool produced in this study was found to be significantly predictive of long operative durations on validation in an external cohort. As such, the tool may have the potential to enable organisations to better organise theatre lists and deliver greater efficiencies in care

Traditional storage practices of spices and condiments in Odisha

518-523Spices and condiments are important cash crops in Odisha. About 2.17 lakh tonnes spices are being produced annually from 2.37 lakh ha area. However, storage losses of spices are very high (30 - 40%) due to inappropriate storage practices. Therefore, the present study was carried out during 2009- 2010 to assess the current status of the traditional practices followed by farmers in general and women in particular for storage of spices and condiments in Odisha for ginger (Zingiber officinale<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"> Rosc.), turmeric <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: " times="" new="" roman""="" lang="EN-GB">(Curcuma longa L.), chilli (Capsicum annuum<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"> L.), onion <span style="font-size:9.5pt;mso-bidi-font-family: " times="" new="" roman""="" lang="EN-GB">(Allium cepa L.), garlic <span style="font-size:9.5pt;mso-bidi-font-family: " times="" new="" roman""="" lang="EN-GB">(Allium sativum L.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). Four districts of Odisha namely Khurda, Ganjam, Kandhamal and Keonjhar were selected where these spices are cultivated and stored by the farmers. The sample consisted of 360 farmers including 180 women. Observations revealed that a large number of farmers still practice the traditional storage system. Ginger and turmeric are stored in pit method, heap method and in situ method while chilli, onion and garlic are stored in a mesh bags and hanging method. In traditional method of storage, farmers are depending on local resources and practices. Spices are stored by the farmers of Odisha mainly for home consumption, seed purpose and for income generation. Storage losses were recorded 10 - 15% in ginger, 20 - 30% in turmeric, 10 - 15% in onion and garlic in traditional method of storage which were less as compared to who has not adopted storage practices. <span style="mso-bidi-language: KN" lang="EN-GB"> </span