Detection of sour and sweet cherry viruses in Ukraine

Received: October 14th, 2020 ; Accepted: November 20th, 2020 ; Published: December 10th, 2020 ; Correspondence: [email protected] of the main obstacles on the way to successful cultivation of orchards and planting material of sour and sweet cherry is infection with viral pathogens. They can adversely affect yields, reduce plant resistance to abiotic factors and cause losses in the nursery. Therefore, it is important to determine the spread of viruses in plantations and the selection of virus-free plants for the establishment of nuclear stock collections. In order to study phytovirological state of the orchards, tests for the presence of five viral pathogens were performed: Tomato black ring nepovirus (TBRV), Cherry leaf roll nepovirus (CLRV), Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Petunia asteroid mosaic tombusvirus (PеAMV), Plum pox virus (PPV). The level of infection with these pathogens reaches 19.2% for sour cherry, 5.8% - for sweet cherry, and 7.4% - for rootstocks. PPV prevailed in sour cherry material - 7%, in sweet cherry material - ACLSV (3.6%), while the rootstock samples were most infected by PeAMV - 5.6%. Until now, this virus has not been reported in Ukraine. TBRV and ACLSV viruses have been known in other crops so far, while not yet been detected in sour and sweet cherry. It was determined that PPV isolates (Mahaleb 1, Mahaleb 2) which were detected in sour cherry, belong to strain D

LEVETINOL IN COMPLEX TREATMENT OF FOCAL EPILEPSY (EXPERIENCE OF EPILEPTOLOGIST IN OUTPATIENT NETWORK, MOSCOW)

Abstract: prescription of Levetinol in regimen of integrated adjunctive therapy in 30 patients with symptomatic and cryptogenic focal forms of epilepsy with poorly controlled seizures, receiving the reference probe of antiepileptic drugs, was accompanied by the attainment of a higher therapeutic effect. Remission with an average effective dose of the drug 1437.5 mg/day was observed in 6, reduction of attacks by 75% – in 8 patients. Levetinol significantly affect the indicators of anxiety and depression in the reduction of symptoms of affective disorders

Effects of metabolic syndrome on arterial function in different age groups: The Advanced Approach to Arterial Stiffness study

Objective: The aim of the Advanced Approach to Arterial Stiffness study was to compare arterial stiffness measured simultaneously with two different methods in different age groups of middle-aged and older adults with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS). The specific effects of the different MetS components on arterial stiffness were also studied. Methods: This prospective, multicentre, international study included 2224 patients aged 40 years and older, 1664 with and 560 without MetS. Patients were enrolled in 32 centres from 18 European countries affiliated to the International Society of Vascular Health & Aging. Arterial stiffness was evaluated using the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV) in four prespecified age groups: 40-49, 50-59, 60-74, 75-90 years. In this report, we present the baseline data of this study. Results: Both CF-PWV and CAVI increased with age, with a higher correlation coefficient for CAVI (comparison of coefficients P<0.001). Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted values of CF-PWV and CAVI were weakly intercorrelated (r2=0.06, P<0.001). Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted values for CF-PWV but not CAVI were higher in presence of MetS (CF-PWV: 9.57±0.06 vs. 8.65±0.10, P<0.001; CAVI: 8.34±0.03 vs. 8.29±0.04, P=0.40; mean±SEM; MetS vs. no MetS). The absence of an overall effect of MetS on CAVI was related to the heterogeneous effects of the components of MetS on this parameter: CAVI was positively associated with the high glycaemia and high blood pressure components, whereas lacked significant associations with the HDL and triglycerides components while exhibiting a negative association with the overweight component. In contrast, all five MetS components showed positive associations with CF-PWV. Conclusion: This large European multicentre study reveals a differential impact of MetS and age on CAVI and CF PWV and suggests that age may have a more pronounced effect on CAVI, whereas MetS increases CF-PWV but not CAVI. This important finding may be due to heterogeneous effects of MetS components on CAVI. The clinical significance of these original results will be assessed during the longitudinal phase of the study. Copyright © 2018 The Author(s)

Effects of metabolic syndrome on arterial function in different age groups: The Advanced Approach to Arterial Stiffness study

Objective: The aim of the Advanced Approach to Arterial Stiffness study was to compare arterial stiffness measured simultaneously with two different methods in different age groups of middle-aged and older adults with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS). The specific effects of the different MetS components on arterial stiffness were also studied. Methods: This prospective, multicentre, international study included 2224 patients aged 40 years and older, 1664 with and 560 without MetS. Patients were enrolled in 32 centres from 18 European countries affiliated to the International Society of Vascular Health & Aging. Arterial stiffness was evaluated using the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV) in four prespecified age groups: 40-49, 50-59, 60-74, 75-90 years. In this report, we present the baseline data of this study. Results: Both CF-PWV and CAVI increased with age, with a higher correlation coefficient for CAVI (comparison of coefficients P<0.001). Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted values of CF-PWV and CAVI were weakly intercorrelated (r2=0.06, P<0.001). Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted values for CF-PWV but not CAVI were higher in presence of MetS (CF-PWV: 9.57±0.06 vs. 8.65±0.10, P<0.001; CAVI: 8.34±0.03 vs. 8.29±0.04, P=0.40; mean±SEM; MetS vs. no MetS). The absence of an overall effect of MetS on CAVI was related to the heterogeneous effects of the components of MetS on this parameter: CAVI was positively associated with the high glycaemia and high blood pressure components, whereas lacked significant associations with the HDL and triglycerides components while exhibiting a negative association with the overweight component. In contrast, all five MetS components showed positive associations with CF-PWV. Conclusion: This large European multicentre study reveals a differential impact of MetS and age on CAVI and CF PWV and suggests that age may have a more pronounced effect on CAVI, whereas MetS increases CF-PWV but not CAVI. This important finding may be due to heterogeneous effects of MetS components on CAVI. The clinical significance of these original results will be assessed during the longitudinal phase of the study. Copyright © 2018 The Author(s)

Effects of metabolic syndrome on arterial function in different age groups: The Advanced Approach to Arterial Stiffness study

Objective: The aim of the Advanced Approach to Arterial Stiffness study was to compare arterial stiffness measured simultaneously with two different methods in different age groups of middle-aged and older adults with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS). The specific effects of the different MetS components on arterial stiffness were also studied. Methods: This prospective, multicentre, international study included 2224 patients aged 40 years and older, 1664 with and 560 without MetS. Patients were enrolled in 32 centres from 18 European countries affiliated to the International Society of Vascular Health & Aging. Arterial stiffness was evaluated using the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV) in four prespecified age groups: 40-49, 50-59, 60-74, 75-90 years. In this report, we present the baseline data of this study. Results: Both CF-PWV and CAVI increased with age, with a higher correlation coefficient for CAVI (comparison of coefficients P<0.001). Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted values of CF-PWV and CAVI were weakly intercorrelated (r2=0.06, P<0.001). Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted values for CF-PWV but not CAVI were higher in presence of MetS (CF-PWV: 9.57±0.06 vs. 8.65±0.10, P<0.001; CAVI: 8.34±0.03 vs. 8.29±0.04, P=0.40; mean±SEM; MetS vs. no MetS). The absence of an overall effect of MetS on CAVI was related to the heterogeneous effects of the components of MetS on this parameter: CAVI was positively associated with the high glycaemia and high blood pressure components, whereas lacked significant associations with the HDL and triglycerides components while exhibiting a negative association with the overweight component. In contrast, all five MetS components showed positive associations with CF-PWV. Conclusion: This large European multicentre study reveals a differential impact of MetS and age on CAVI and CF PWV and suggests that age may have a more pronounced effect on CAVI, whereas MetS increases CF-PWV but not CAVI. This important finding may be due to heterogeneous effects of MetS components on CAVI. The clinical significance of these original results will be assessed during the longitudinal phase of the study. Copyright © 2018 The Author(s)