5,154 research outputs found
TGFβ inhibition stimulates collagen maturation to enhance bone repair and fracture resistance in a murine myeloma model
Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy that causes debilitating bone disease and fractures, in which TGFβ plays a central role. Current treatments do not repair existing damage and fractures remain a common occurrence. We developed a novel low tumour phase murine model mimicking the plateau phase in patients, as we hypothesized this would be an ideal time to treat with a bone anabolic. Using in vivo microCT we show substantial and rapid bone lesion repair (and prevention) driven by SD‐208 (TGFβ receptor I kinase inhibitor) and chemotherapy (bortezomib and lenalidomide) in mice with human U266‐GFP‐luc myeloma. We discovered that lesion repair occurred via an intramembranous fracture repair‐like mechanism and that SD‐208 enhanced collagen matrix maturation to significantly improve fracture resistance. Lesion healing was associated with VEGFA expression in woven bone, reduced osteocyte‐derived PTHrP, increased osteoblasts, decreased osteoclasts and lower serum TRACP‐5b. SD‐208 also completely prevented bone lesion development mice with aggressive JJN3 tumors, and was more effective than an anti‐TGFβ neutralizing antibody (1D11). We also discovered that SD‐208 promoted osteoblastic differentiation (and overcame the TGFβ‐induced block in osteoblastogenesis) in myeloma patient bone marrow stromal cells in vitro, comparable to normal donors. The improved bone quality and fracture‐resistance with SD‐208 provides incentive for clinical translation to improve myeloma patient quality of life by reducing fracture risk and fatality
Search for Light Gluinos via the Spontaneous Appearance of pi+pi- Pairs with an 800 GeV/c Proton Beam at Fermilab
We searched for the appearance of pi+pi- pairs with invariant mass greater
than 648 MeV in a neutral beam. Such an observation could signify the decay of
a long-lived light neutral particle. We find no evidence for this decay. Our
null result severely constrains the existence of an R0 hadron, which is the
lightest bound state of a gluon and a light gluino, and thereby also the
possibility of a light gluino. Depending on the photino mass, we exclude the R0
in the mass and lifetime ranges of 1.2 -- 4.6 GeV and 2E-10 -- 7E-4 seconds,
respectively. (To Appear in Phys. Rev. Lett.)Comment: Documentstyle aps,epsfig,prl (revtex), 6 pages, 7 figure
Search for the Decay K_L -> pi^0 nu nubar using pi^0 -> e^+ e^- gamma
We report on a search for the decay K_L -> pi^0 nu nubar, carried out as a
part of E799-II, a rare K_L decay experiment at Fermilab. Within the Standard
Model, the K_L -> pi^0 nu nubar decay is dominated by direct CP violating
processes, and thus an observation of the decay implies confirmation of direct
CP violation. Due to theoretically clean calculations, a measurement of B(K_L
-> pi^0 nu nubar) is one of the best ways to determine the CKM parameter eta.
No events were observed, and we set an upper limit B(K_L -> pi^0 nu nubar) <
5.9 times 10^-7 at the 90% confidence level.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Observation of the Decay
We have observed the decay at the KTeV
experiment at Fermilab. This decay presents a formidable background to the
search for new physics in . The 1997 data yielded a
sample of 4 signal events, with an expected background of 0.155 0.081
events. The branching ratio is )
with
, consistent with a QED calculation
which predicts .Comment: See also the paper "Search for the Decay ", also by the KTeV collaboratio
A Measurement of the KL Charge Asymmetry
We present a measurement of the charge asymmetry in the mode based on 298 million analyzed decays. We measure a
value of , in good
agreement with previous measurements and 2.4 times more precise than the
current best published result. The result is used to place more stringent
limits on CPT and violation in the neutral kaon system.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review Letters, Dec 31, 2001. 4 pages, 4
figure
Search for the Decay Kl -> pi0 e+ e-
We report on a search for the decay Kl -> pi0 e+ e- carried out by the
KTeV/E799 experiment at Fermilab. This decay is expected to have a significant
CP violating contribution and the measurement of its branching ratio could
support the CKM mechanism for CP violation or could point to new physics. Two
events were observed in the 1997 data with an expected background of 1.06
+-0.41 events, and we set an upper limit Br(Kl -> pi0 e+ e-) < 5.1 x 10^-10 at
the 90% confidence level.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure
Search for the Decay
We report on a search for the decay \klpimumu carried out as a part of the
KTeV experiment at Fermilab. This decay is expected to have a significant
violating contribution and a direct measurement will either support the CKM
mechanism for CP violation or point to new physics. Two events were observed in
the 1997 data with an expected background of events, and we set
an upper limit \BR{\klpimumu} at the 90% confidence
level.Comment: See also "Observation of the Decay ", also by the KTeV collaboratio
Observation of CP Violation in K(L)->pi+pi-e+e- Decays
We report the first observation of a manifestly CP violating effect in the
K(L)->pi+pi-e+e- decay mode. A large asymmetry was observed in the distribution
of these decays in the CP-odd and T-odd angle phi between the decay planes of
the e+e- and pi+pi- pairs in the K(L) center of mass system. After acceptance
corrections, the overall asymmetry is found to be 13.6+-2.5 (stat) +-1.2
(syst)%. This is the largest CP-violating effect yet observed integrating over
the entire phase space of a mode and the first such effect observed in an
angular variable.Comment: 4 pages 4 figures submitted to pr
New Particles Working Group Report of the Snowmass 2013 Community Summer Study
This report summarizes the work of the Energy Frontier New Physics working
group of the 2013 Community Summer Study (Snowmass)
Measurement of the branching ratio of pi^0 -> e^+e^- using K_L -> 3 pi^0 decays in flight
The branching ratio of the rare decay pi^0 -> e^+e^- has been measured in
E799-II, a rare kaon decay experiment using the KTeV detector at Fermilab. The
pi^0's were produced in fully-reconstructed K_L -> 3 pi^0 decays in flight. We
observed 275 candidate pi^0 -> e^+e^- events, with an expected background of
21.4 +- 6.2 events which includes the contribution from Dalitz decays. We
measured BR(pi^0 -> e^+e^-, x>0.95) = (6.09 +- 0.40 +- 0.24) times 10^{-8},
where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. This result is
the first significant observation of the excess rate for this decay above the
unitarity lower bound.Comment: New version shortened to PRL length limit. 5 pages, 4 figures.
Published in Phys. Rev. Let
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