Pemetaan Kondisi Terumbu Karang Yang Terkait Dengan Sebaran Fosfat Dan Nitrat Di Perairan Pantai Desa Karimunjawa Dengan Menggunakan Metode Sistem Informasi Geografis

Desa Karimunjawa merupakan desa dengan kepadatan penduduk tertinggi yang terdapat di Kawasan Taman Nasional Karimunjawa, didukung dengan keberadaan dua dermaga penting bagi masyarakat Kepulauan Karimunjawa yaitu Dermaga Perintis dan Dermaga Syahbandar yang menjadikannya pusat perekonomian masyarakat kepulauan Karimunjawa. Perairan Pantai Desa Karimunjawa banyak dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas manusia yang tinggi dan berpotensi dalam peningkatan kandungan nitrat (NO3-) dan fosfat (PO43-) perairan yang dapat memberikan tekanan pada ekosistem terumbu karang, sehingga diperlukan kajian untuk mengetahui kualitas air perairan pantai desa Karimunjawa khususnya nitrat, fosfat dan kondisi ekosistem terumbu karang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif eksploratif menggunakan metode Manta Tow untuk kondisi terumbu karang dan analisis spasial pada ArcGIS 10 untuk sebaran kualitas air. Materi yang digunakan berupa sebaran dan kondisi terumbu karang dan kualitas air perairan pantai Desa Karimunjawa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa luas terumbu karang di perairan pantai Desa Karimunjawa yang padat penduduk adalah 149,50 m2berdasarkan analisa satelit Landsat-8 dan kondisi terumbu karang masuk dalam kategori sedang (26-50%). Kandungan fosfat perairan berkisar antara 0,12-2,19 mg/l dan kandungan nitrat perairan berkisar antara 0,04-1,33 mg/l

Plankton Productivity in Lagoons of Agatti and Bangaram Atolls of Lakshadweep Archipelago, India

Phytoplankters and zooplankters function as important links in the food chain and form the food of a large number of organisms in the aquatic ecosystem. As plankters play an important role in the health of an aquatic ecosystem, the study on these resources in the productive aquatic ecosystems of Lakshadweep is significant. Earlier studies carried out earlier from Agatti and Bangaram are by Pratap et al. (1977), Achuthankutty et al. (1989) and Casanova & Nair (1999). No recent reports are available on plankters from Agatti and Bangaram. Hence, an attempt is made to study the qualitative and quantitative abundance of phytoplankters and zooplankters in the selected lagoons of Lakshadweep

Clinical prognostication of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: insight from a prospective observational study using the shockable, witnessed, age and pH score

Background: Cardiac arrest remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Though there are many prognostic tools, the importance of predicting prognosis of out of hospital cardiac arrest in the emergency department (ED) using SWAP (Shockable, witnessed, age and pH) score has not been studied extensively. Methods: We conducted a hospital-based prospective observational study in Kerala, India, focusing on patients who arrived at the ED after experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). For patients who met the inclusion criteria, (all patients who came to ED with OHCA with age more than 18 years) we calculated the SWAP score using historical information and venous blood gas sample analysis. Patients who achieved return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) were closely monitored, and post-cardiac arrest care was initiated. Patients who achieved sustained ROSC were admitted, and at time of discharge, follow-up was conducted using cerebral performance category (CPC) score. Results: The SWAP score was computed for patients who experienced OHCA. The analysis revealed that patients with favorable outcomes (CPC 1 and 2) had an average SWAP score of 1, while patients with unfavorable outcomes (CPC 3, 4, 5) had an average SWAP score of 1.55. Among the total of 116 patients, 7 individuals (6.03%) survived with positive neurological outcomes (CPC 1 and 2), while 109 patients (93.96%) experienced poor neurological outcomes (CPC 3, 4, 5, and mortality). Conclusions: Patients who had a high SWAP score had a reduced likelihood of survival and sustained ROSC. Conversely, patients with a SWAP score below 2 had a higher probability of experiencing a ROSC and surviving

Social factors influencing utilization of home care in community-dwelling older adults: a scoping review

Background: Older adults want to live at home as long as possible, even in the face of circumstances that limit their autonomy. Home care services reflect this emergent preference, allowing older adults to ‘age in place’ in familiar settings rather than receiving care for chronic health conditions or ageing needs in an institutionalized setting. Numerous social factors, generally studied in isolation, have been associated with home care utilization. Even so, social circumstances are complex and how these factors collectively influence home care use patterns remains unclear. Objectives: To provide a broad and comprehensive overview of the social factors influencing home care utilization; and to evaluate the influence of discrete social factors on patterns of home care utilization in community-dwelling older adults in high-income countries. Methods: A scoping review was conducted of six electronic databases for records published between 2010 and 2020; additional records were obtained from hand searching review articles, reference lists of included studies and documents from international organisations. A narrative synthesis was presented, complemented by vote counting per social factor, harvest plots and an evaluation of aggregated findings to determine consistency across studies. Results: A total of 2,365 records were identified, of which 66 met inclusion criteria. There were 35 discrete social factors grouped into four levels of influence using a socio-ecological model (individual, relationship, community and societal levels) and grouped according to outcome of interest (home care propensity and intensity). Across all studies, social factors consistently showing any association (positive, negative, or equivocal in pattern) with home care propensity were: age, ethnicity/race, self-assessed health, insurance, housing ownership, housing problems, marital status, household income, children, informal caregiving, social networks and urban/rural area. Age, education, personal finances, living arrangements and housing ownership were associated with home care intensity, also with variable patterns in utilization. Additional community and societal level factors were identified as relevant but lacking consistency across the literature; these included rurality, availability of community services, methods of financing home care systems, and cultural determinants. Conclusion: This is the first literature review bringing together a wide range of reported social factors that influence home care utilization. It confirms social factors do influence home care utilization in complex interactions, distinguishes level of influences at which these factors affect patterns of use and discusses policy implications for home care reform

Unpacking ‘women’s health’ in the context of PPPs: a return to instrumentalism in development policy and practice?

There has been a significant increase in funding for health programmes in development over the last two decades, partly due to the formation of public–private partnerships. This article examines the impact of public–private partnerships from the perspective of women’s health, asks whether the current culture of funding has led to an increased instrumentalism in women’s health programming and what effects this has on how women’s health is addressed at the level of practice. The article is based on research carried out with UK-based non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and its conclusions raise further challenges for improving women’s health policies and programmes in development

Van Allen probes observations of a three-dimensional field line resonance at a plasmaspheric plume

Funding: JKS, KRM, and IJR acknowledge support from NERC Grants NE/P017185/2, NE/V002554/2, and STFC Grants ST/V006320/1, ST/X001008/1. DPH acknowledges NASA Grant 80NSSC20K1324. ANW was funded in part by STFC Grant ST/W001195/1. AWS was supported by NERC Independent Research Fellowship NE/W009129/1.Field Line Resonances (FLRs) are a critical component in Earth's magnetospheric dynamics, associated with the transfer of energy between Ultra Low Frequency waves and local plasma populations. In this study we investigate how the polarisation of FLRs are impacted by cold plasma density distributions during geomagnetic storms. We present an analysis of Van Allen Probe A observations, where the spacecraft traversed a storm time plasmaspheric plume. We show that the polarisation of the FLR is significantly altered at the sharp azimuthal density gradient of the plume boundary, where the polarisation is intermediate with significant poloidal and toroidal components. These signatures are consistent with magnetohydrodynamic modeling results, providing the first observational evidence of a 3D FLR associated with a plume in Earth's magnetosphere. These results demonstrate the importance of cold plasma in controlling wave dynamics in the magnetosphere, and have important implications for wave-particle interactions at a range of energies.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Linking Social and Built Environmental Factors to Leisure-Time Physical activity in Rural Cancer Survivors

BACKGROUND: This study explored associations between social and built environmental factors and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) in rural cancer survivors (RCS) and whether these associations differed by exercise stage of change (SOC). METHOD: RCS (n = 219) completed questionnaires assessing LTPA, SOC, and social (social status, connectedness, support) and environmental (home environment, neighborhood environment) factors. Linear regression models examined associations between social and built environmental factors and LTPA and tested for moderation by SOC. RESULTS: Half (50.7%) of RCS were physically active, and 49.3% were not active. Social factors positively associated with LTPA included subjective social status in the community (B = 89.0, P = .014) and in the United States (B = 181.3, P \u3c .001), social connectedness (B = 122.3, P = .024), and social support for physical activity from family (B = 41.9, P \u3c .001) and friends (B = 44.3, P \u3c .001). Environmental factors positively associated with LTPA included the home environment (B = 111.2, P \u3c .001), perceived environmental support for PA (B = 355.4, P = .004), and neighborhood attributes, including bicycling infrastructure (B = 191.3, P = .003), proximity to recreation facilities (B = 140.1, P = .021), traffic safety (B = 184.5, P = .025), and aesthetics (B = 342.6, P \u3c .001). SOC statistically significantly moderated the association between social status in the United States and LTPA (B = 160.3, P = .031). CONCLUSIONS: Social and built environmental factors were consistently linked with LTPA and provide context for multilevel interventions promoting LTPA in RCS

Variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VPSEM) and atomic absorption spectrometer characterization of Zea mays (Maydis stigma) hairs

Rhetorically, primitive and ancient civilizations have long relied on dietary minerals in the prevention of diseases. Being elemental atoms, minerals, in contrast to micro molecules do not undergo changes during digestion. Major minerals serve as structural components of tissues, function in cellular and basal metabolism, and in water and acid-base balance. The soft textured Zea mays (Maydis stigma) hairs are a well-organized collection of stigmas of the corn maize that historically as ancient as the Aztec civilization was cited for traditional medicinal care. In modern medicine, it was used as a mild diuretic, urinary demulcent and for the management of bladder irritation (due to uric acid and phosphatic gravel). This study revisits the Zea mays to elucidate its reported therapeutic prowess by initiating a high-resolution microscopical inspection and its micronutrients using VPSEM, EDX and AAS. Results: The outermost film of the corn hairs soaked in ethanol manifest a very smooth, nodenatured like surface. While cross-sectional view of fresh corn silk samples revealed microtubules of non-homogenous diameters and size configurations. The measured diameter of the porous tubules ranges from 58 - 101μm. The amounts of Ca, Mg, Na and K on raw freshly harvested and oven dried corn hair were comparatively higher than the amounts of other minerals. The concentration of Ca in fresh and oven dried corn hair was accounted for 546 and 323 mg/L, respectively and significantly higher than the values of corn silks macerated with NaOH (108 mg/L) and NaHClO (7.58 mg/L), respectively. In conclusion, ethanol is a n excellent preservative for cornsilk by revealing a smooth non-denatured surface of corn silk while NaOH and NaHClO is detrimentally and distorted natural cytoskeleton of the tissues by removing essential organic and inorganic components. The highest mineral contents presented in raw freshly harvested and oven dried corn silk were Ca, Mg, K and Na