Why Do People Lack Health Insurance?

Currently, 46 million people or nearly one in five nonelderly adults and children lack health insurance in the United States, an increase of 6 million since 2000. The recent rise in uninsurance has been attributed to a number of factors, including rising health care costs, the economic downturn, an erosion of employer-based insurance, and public program cutbacks. Developing effective strategies for reducing uninsurance requires understanding why people lack insurance coverage. This brief looks at the reasons people report being uninsured overall and by key population subgroups (defined by age, race/ethnicity, health status, and family and employment characteristics). We also examine how those reasons have changed over time

Scope of Investigation Required by Health Insurers in Mississippi Prior to Denial of First-Party Claims

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Sobriety Checkpoints: A Constitutional Faux Pas - Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz

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Using Spatiotemporal Methods to Fill Gaps In Energy Usage Interval Data

Researchers analyzing spatiotemporal or panel data, which varies both in location and over time, often find that their data has holes or gaps. This thesis explores alternative methods for filling those gaps and also suggests a set of techniques for evaluating those gap-filling methods to determine which works best

Papa Don\u27t Preach: \u3cem\u3eBadger Catholic v. Walsh\u3c/em\u3e Muddies the Line Between Church and State

Religion\u27s role in government activity marks a contentious area in the legal community. The First Amendment, by its own language, is ambiguous and fails to give true, clear guidance on where a line might be drawn between religion and government. Spirited debate on their coexistence is all but a constant in American society. Enter public education. The edification of American children from kindergarten through higher education has led to furious debate on when and where it is appropriate for religion to enter. In a recent case, Badger Catholic v. Walsh, the Seventh Circuit discussed religion in education in the context of funding issues at the university level. Following several Supreme Court decisions regarding religion\u27s role in education, institutional forum creation, and when the government must fund religious activity, the Seventh Circuit muddied the line that the First Amendment intended to draw. While it is truly a serpentine wall of tests and rules, the First Amendment was nevertheless intended to stand as an impregnable barrier between religion and government. In contrast to the Founders\u27 intentions, Badger Catholic now requires a public educational institution to fund forms of religious expression whenever it creates a forum open to the public, regardless of how it may proselytize or conduct truly religious activity. As such, the decision strays from precedent, constitutional text, and our history

Papa Don\u27t Preach: \u3cem\u3eBadger Catholic v. Walsh\u3c/em\u3e Muddies the Line Between Church and State

Religion\u27s role in government activity marks a contentious area in the legal community. The First Amendment, by its own language, is ambiguous and fails to give true, clear guidance on where a line might be drawn between religion and government. Spirited debate on their coexistence is all but a constant in American society. Enter public education. The edification of American children from kindergarten through higher education has led to furious debate on when and where it is appropriate for religion to enter. In a recent case, Badger Catholic v. Walsh, the Seventh Circuit discussed religion in education in the context of funding issues at the university level. Following several Supreme Court decisions regarding religion\u27s role in education, institutional forum creation, and when the government must fund religious activity, the Seventh Circuit muddied the line that the First Amendment intended to draw. While it is truly a serpentine wall of tests and rules, the First Amendment was nevertheless intended to stand as an impregnable barrier between religion and government. In contrast to the Founders\u27 intentions, Badger Catholic now requires a public educational institution to fund forms of religious expression whenever it creates a forum open to the public, regardless of how it may proselytize or conduct truly religious activity. As such, the decision strays from precedent, constitutional text, and our history

User's guide for vectorized code EQUIL for calculating equilibrium chemistry on Control Data STAR-100 computer

A vectorized code, EQUIL, was developed for calculating the equilibrium chemistry of a reacting gas mixture on the Control Data STAR-100 computer. The code provides species mole fractions, mass fractions, and thermodynamic and transport properties of the mixture for given temperature, pressure, and elemental mass fractions. The code is set up for the electrons H, He, C, O, N system of elements. In all, 24 chemical species are included

A cross sectional study of organizational factors and their impact on job satisfaction and emotional burnout in a group of Australian nurses: infection control practitioners

Background Infection control practitioners (ICPs) are a group of specialized nurses fundamental to effective healthcare infection prevention and control initiatives. Relative to other groups of nurses much less is known about their working conditions. Organizational factors may impact ICPs’ levels of job dissatisfaction and emotional job burnout and, subsequently, their quality of practice. We measure a range of organizational factors to document the working conditions of ICPs and show how these are linked to job satisfaction and emotional burnout in a sample of Australian ICPs. Methods We conducted a cross sectional study using an online survey. All employed ICPs in 50 of the largest public hospitals in Australia were invited to participate. One hundred and fifty three ICPs completed the survey. Results ICPs are moderately to highly satisfied with their job but show high levels of emotional burnout, time pressure and cognitive demands. Low job satisfaction was associated with less job control, low perceived organizational support and poor communication. In contrast, emotional burnout was associated with high time pressure and cognitive demands coupled with poor communication. Discussion This study provides new evidence about the organizational context of ICPs in Australia, and about the factors that impact on job satisfaction and emotional burnout. These findings may be used to modify national infection prevention and control programs to suit local organizational contexts. Further research is needed to determine the precise nature of these relationships and the downstream impacts on hospital-wide infection control outcomes. Conclusions Organizational context and factors are important to consider when evaluating the impact and implementation of infection control programs