1,087 research outputs found
Detrital zircon from a late Paleozoic accretionary complex of SW Iberia (Variscan Belt): History of crustal growth and recycling at the Rheic convergent margin
In this study we present new U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from
greywackes and quartzites of the Pulo do Lobo Anticline (PLA) that have
been interpreted to represent a Late Paleozoic accretionary complex in SW
Iberia. The PLA separates the Ossa Morena Zone, which has a North-
Gondwana affinity throughout Late Ediacaran and Early Paleozoic times,
from the South Portuguese Zone, which is considered to be underlain by
Laurussia basement. The PLA stratigraphy most likely represents a
synorogenic basin that records the closure of the Late Paleozoic Rheic
Ocean and the amalgamation of Pangaea. The youngest formations of the
PLA contain upper Devonian microfossils.The results obtained indicate that the detrital zircons from the PLA
represent a wide range of Precambrian and Paleozoic crystallization ages.
Recycling of older sedimentary units of the Late Ediacaran active margin
(Cadomian/Pan-African orogenies) as well as of the Early Paleozoic rifting
and passive margin (Rheic Ocean) stages, accounts for the older
populations with North-Gondwana affinity (Cambrian, Neoproterozoic,
Paleoproterozoic and Archean, with a gap of Mesoproterozoic-age).
However, the Mesoproterozoic detrital zircon ages found in the
greywackes of the Pulo do Lobo Formation (< 7%) that do not correspond
to any substantial source within North-Gondwana, could come from
recycled sedimentary deposits or from denudation of Grenville-age
basement (Laurussia?). The more recent formations present in the northern
limb (Ferreira-Ficalho Group) of the PLA show a significant age cluster in
the upper Devonian (c. 378 Ma), whereas on the southern limb (Chança
Group), samples have from base to top of the stratigraphic sequence: a
minor age cluster in the middle Devonian (c. 390 Ma), a significant age
cluster in upper Devonian (c. 380 Ma) and very significant age cluster in
the upper Devonian (c. 372 Ma). The presence of middle-upper Devonian
detrital zircons in combination with very low abundances of
Mesoproterozoic detrital zircon suggests that the PLA sedimentary rocks
were not derived from exotic sources but rather have a North-Gondwanan
origin. The zircon population in the interval c. 390-380 Ma has no
identified corresponding magmatic or stratigraphic source in SW Iberia.
Considering that, during the development of the upper Devonian basins of
SW Iberia, Laurussia basement was not exposed and that there was no
magmatic arc on the North-Gondwana margin, we suggest that the c. 390-
380 Ma detrital zircons are most probably derived from denudation of a
(intra-oceanic) magmatic arc related to the closure of the Rheic Ocean
Legitimate Physical Education - Emphasis on the Education
Many educators and members of the lay public have differing definitions and understandings of school physical education. Based largely on personal experience or perception, many believe that school physical education should merely be a time during the day where children and adolescents are physically active in an effort to produce healthy outcomes. However, this is not only an improbable outcome, it greatly limits opportunities for children to become proficient within the psychomotor learning domain. Because school physical education is the only subject area where the physical domain is strictly addressed, the purpose of this essay is to define, affirm, and depict an alternative to merely providing a fun and active curriculum in physical education for students. This alternative is known as “legitimate physical education,” and provides children with a true learning experience that can produce physically educated adults who have the skills, knowledge, and desire to engage in healthy and active lifestyles
Формування нової парадигми розвитку житлово-комунального господарства (економіко-правовий аспект)
У статті проаналізовано еволюцію концептуально-теоретичних та правових засад функціонування житлово-комунального господарства. Запропоновано нові підходи та принципи
до реформування та розвитку галузі, зокрема доведено, що процес допуску приватного капіталу в комунальну сферу повинен супроводжуватися подальшою неповною приватизацією комунальної власності або шляхом передачі об'єктів права комунальної власності в
постійне або тимчасове користування юридичним та фізичним особам, здачі в оренду чи
концесію при збереженні за органами місцевого самоврядування та за відповідними територіальними громадами відповідних контрольних та координаційних функцій шляхом створення
в апараті виконкому спеціального підрозділу (управління фондами комунального майна).The article analyzes the evolution of conceptual and theoretical and legal frameworks for the housing and communal
services. New approaches and principles for reform and progress field are suggested, proved that the process of admission of
private capital in the municipal area must be accompanied by further incomplete privatization of municipal property or by
passing objects of communal property in permanent or temporary use to companies and individuals, taking into lease or concession
if saving for local authorities and relevant territorial communities appropriate control and coordination functions by creating a
special unit in the Executive Committee (fund management of public property)
The missing Rheic Ocean magmatic arcs: Provenance analysis of Late Paleozoic
Early Carboniferous turbiditic sedimentary rocks in synorogenic basins located on both sides of the Rheic suture in
SW Iberiawere studied for provenance analysis. An enigmatic feature of this suture, which resulted from closure
of the Rheic Ocean with the amalgamation of Pangea in the Late Carboniferous, is that there are no recognizable
mid- to Late Devonian subduction-related magmatic rocks,which should have been generated during the process
of subduction, on either side of it. U–Pb LA–ICP-MS geochronology of detrital zircons from Early Carboniferous
turbidites in the vicinity of the Rheic suture in SW Iberia, where it separates the Ossa–Morena Zone (with
Gondwana continental basement) to the north from the South Portuguese Zone (with unknown/Meguma?
continental basement) to the south, reveals the abundance of mid- to Late Devonian (51–81%) and Early
Carboniferous (13–25%) ages. The Cabrela andMértola turbidites of the Ossa–Morena and South Portuguese
zones, respectively, are largely devoid of older zircons, differing from the age spectra of detrital zircons in
the oldest (Late Devonian) strata in the underlying South Portuguese Zone, which contain abundant Cambrian
and Neoproterozoic ages. Mid- to Late Devonian zircons in the Cabrela Formation (age cluster at c. 391 Ma,
Eifelian–Givetian transition) and Mértola Formation (age clusters at c. 369 Ma and at c. 387 Ma, Famennian
and Givetian respectively) are attributable to a source terrane made up of magmatic rocks with a simple
geological history lacking both multiple tectonic events and older continental basement. The terrane capa-
ble of sourcing sediments dispersed on both sides of the suture is interpreted to have been completely re-
moved by erosion in SW Iberia. Given that closure of the Rheic Ocean required subduction of its oceanic
lithosphere and the absence of significant arc magmatism on either side of the Rheic suture, we suggest:
1) the source of the zircons in the SW Iberia basins was a short-lived Rheic ocean magmatic arc, and
2) given the lack of older zircons in the SW Iberia basins, this short-lived arc was probably developed
in an intra-oceanic environment
Gag- and env-specific serum antibodies in cats after natural and experimental infection with feline immunodeficiency virus.
In order to monitor the antibody response to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in cats, following experimental and natural infection, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed using recombinant env and gag proteins and p24-specific monoclonal antibodies. It was shown that in experimentally infected cats an env protein-specific antibody response was directly followed by a gag protein-specific response. Furthermore, an ELISA for the detection of env protein-specific serum antibodies proved more sensitive in identifying experimentally and naturally infected cats than ELISAs demonstrating gag protein-specific antibodies. It was concluded that, like in HIV infection of humans, the detection of env protein-specific serum antibodies in addition to gag protein-specific antibodies is not only an important tool in the diagnosis of the infection but also in studies concerning the pathogenesis of the disease
Use of simulation training to teach the ABCDE primary assessment:an observational study in a Dutch University Hospital with a 3-4 months follow-up
Objectives To investigate short-term and long-term effectiveness of simulation training to acquire a structured Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) approach for medical emergencies; and to examine which skills were learnt and maintained best. Design An observational study with a 3-4 months follow-up. Setting Skills center of the University Medical Center Groningen. Participants Thirty voluntary participants (21 females and 9 males; 27±2.77 years) of a simulation-based course. Intervention A 2-day ABCDE-teaching course for residents and non-residents. The course encompasses 24 simulations in which participants perform primary assessments of acute ill patients. Video recordings were taken of each participant performing a primary assessment, before (T1), directly after (T2) and 3-4 months after the intervention (T3). Main outcome measures Physicians' performance in the ABCDE primary assessment at T1, T2 and T3. Two observers scored the primary assessments, blinded to measurement moment, using an assessment form to evaluate the performance with regard to skills essential for a structured ABCDE approach. The Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare physicians' performances on the subsequent measurement moments. Results The mean ranks on the total primary assessment at T1, T2 and T3 were 1.14, 2.62 and 2.24, respectively, and were significantly different, (p<0.001). The mean ranks on the total primary assessment directly after the course (T2 vs T1 p<0.001) and 3-4 months after the course (T3 vs T1 p<0.001) were significantly better than before the course. Certain skills deteriorated during the follow-up. Strikingly, most skills that decrease over time are Crew Resources Management (CRM) skills. Conclusion A course using simulation training is an effective educational tool to teach physicians the ABCDE primary assessment. Certain CRM skills decrease over time, so we recommend organising refresher courses, simulation team training or another kind of simulation training with a focus on CRM skills
Bacteriomimetic Liposomes Improve Antibiotic Activity of a Novel Energy-Coupling Factor Transporter Inhibitor
Liposomes have been studied for decades as nanoparticulate drug delivery systems for
cytostatics, and more recently, for antibiotics. Such nanoantibiotics show improved antibacterial
efficacy compared to the free drug and can be effective despite bacterial recalcitrance. In this work,
we present a loading method of bacteriomimetic liposomes for a novel, hydrophobic compound
(HIPS5031) inhibiting energy-coupling factor transporters (ECF transporters), an underexplored
antimicrobial target. The liposomes were composed of DOPG (18:1 (∆9-cis) phosphatidylglycerol)
and CL (cardiolipin), resembling the cell membrane of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and
Streptococcus pneumoniae, and enriched with cholesterol (Chol). The size and polydispersity of
the DOPG/CL/± Chol liposomes remained stable over 8 weeks when stored at 4 ◦C. Loading of
the ECF transporter inhibitor was achieved by thin film hydration and led to a high encapsulation
efficiency of 33.19% ± 9.5% into the DOPG/CL/Chol liposomes compared to the phosphatidylcholine
liposomes (DMPC/DPPC). Bacterial growth inhibition assays on the model organism Bacillus subtilis
revealed liposomal HIPS5031 as superior to the free drug, showing a 3.5-fold reduction in CFU/mL
at a concentration of 9.64 µM. Liposomal HIPS5031 was also shown to reduce B. subtilis biofilm.
Our findings present an explorative basis for bacteriomimetic liposomes as a strategy against drug resistant pathogens by surpassing the drug-formulation barriers of innovative, yet unfavorably
hydrophobic, antibiotics
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Bacteriomimetic Liposomes Improve Antibiotic Activity of a Novel Energy-Coupling Factor Transporter Inhibitor
Liposomes have been studied for decades as nanoparticulate drug delivery systems for cytostatics, and more recently, for antibiotics. Such nanoantibiotics show improved antibacterial efficacy compared to the free drug and can be effective despite bacterial recalcitrance. In this work, we present a loading method of bacteriomimetic liposomes for a novel, hydrophobic compound (HIPS5031) inhibiting energy-coupling factor transporters (ECF transporters), an underexplored antimicrobial target. The liposomes were composed of DOPG (18:1 (Δ9-cis) phosphatidylglycerol) and CL (cardiolipin), resembling the cell membrane of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae, and enriched with cholesterol (Chol). The size and polydispersity of the DOPG/CL/± Chol liposomes remained stable over 8 weeks when stored at 4 °C. Loading of the ECF transporter inhibitor was achieved by thin film hydration and led to a high encapsulation efficiency of 33.19% ± 9.5% into the DOPG/CL/Chol liposomes compared to the phosphatidylcholine liposomes (DMPC/DPPC). Bacterial growth inhibition assays on the model organism Bacillus subtilis revealed liposomal HIPS5031 as superior to the free drug, showing a 3.5-fold reduction in CFU/mL at a concentration of 9.64 µM. Liposomal HIPS5031 was also shown to reduce B. subtilis biofilm. Our findings present an explorative basis for bacteriomimetic liposomes as a strategy against drug-resistant pathogens by surpassing the drug-formulation barriers of innovative, yet unfavorably hydrophobic, antibiotics
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