Gravitational Acceleration of Spinning Bodies From Lunar Laser Ranging Measurements

The Sun's relativistic gravitational gradient accelerations of Earth and Moon, dependent on the motions of the latter bodies, act upon the system's internal angular momentum. This spin-orbit force (which plays a part in determining the gravity wave signal templates for astrophysical sources) slightly accelerates the Earth-Moon system as a whole, but it more robustly perturbs that system's internal dynamics with a 5 cm, synodically oscillating range contribution which is presently measured to 4 mm precision by more than three decades of lunar laser ranging.Comment: 10 pages, PCTex32.v3.

The Multicomponent KP Hierarchy: Differential Fay Identities and Lax Equations

In this article, we show that four sets of differential Fay identities of an $N$-component KP hierarchy derived from the bilinear relation satisfied by the tau function of the hierarchy are sufficient to derive the auxiliary linear equations for the wave functions. From this, we derive the Lax representation for the $N$-component KP hierarchy, which are equations satisfied by some pseudodifferential operators with matrix coefficients. Besides the Lax equations with respect to the time variables proposed in \cite{2}, we also obtain a set of equations relating different charge sectors, which can be considered as a generalization of the modified KP hierarchy proposed in \cite{3}.Comment: 19 page

Distance Measurement of Galaxies to Redshift of 0.1 using the CO-Line Tully-Fisher Relation

We report on the first results of a long-term project to derive distances of galaxies at cosmological distances by applying the CO-line width-luminosity relation. We have obtained deep CO-line observations of galaxies at redshifts up to 29,000 km/s using the Nobeyama 45-m mm-wave Telescope, and some supplementary data were obtained by using the IRAM 30-m telescope. We have detected the CO line emission for several galaxies, and used their CO line widths to estimate the absolute luminosities using the line-width-luminosity relation. In order to obtain photometric data and inclination correction, we also performed optical imaging observations of the CO-detected galaxies using the CFHT 3.6-m telescope at high resolution. The radio and optical data have been combined to derive the distance moduli and distances of the galaxies, and Hubble ratios were estimated for these galaxies. We propose that the CO line width-luminosity relation can be a powerful method to derive distances of galaxies to redfhift of z = 0.1 and to derive the Hubble ratio in a significant volume of the universe. Key words: Cosmology - Galaxies: general - Distance scale - CO lineComment: To appear in PASJ, Plain Tex, 3 figures (in 10 ps files

Pond Water Quality in a Claypan Soil

In many areas of the Midwestern United States, a safe and plentiful supply of groundwater is a primary concern. Groundwater is sporadic, unreliable, shallow, and often polluted, even though these same areas often have an annual rainfall in excess of 1 m. The pollution problems associated with these groundwater supplies are both chemical and bacterial. Older wells are often the most dangerous. Linings made of open brick near the surface, cracked casings and covers, and nearby privy, septic tank, and barnyard sites accentuate the problems in shallow groundwater aquifers. High levels of nitrates frequently present in the shallow domestic well water of Illinois were recognized as a health problem by Weart (1948). A preliminary study by Smith et al. (1970) in Washington County, Illinois, of 213 dug wells (2.1-9.2 m deep), 31 drilled wells, and 72 farm ponds showed that water from 73.4 percent of the dug wells exceeded the U.S. Public Health Standard of 10 mg/1 nitrate nitrogen. Only 19.3 percent of the drilled wells exceeded the standard for safe drinking water. All the ponds sampled were found to be well below the U.S. Public Health Standard for nitrate content. Pryor (1956) has reported that because of the geology of the area groundwater supplies in most of Washington County, Illinois, are inadequate. The geologic situation makes successful drilled wells almost nonexistent. Existing low-quality and low-yielding wells are being supplemented by cisterns, transported water, and some ponds. An economic analysis of farm water supplies in Washington County by Moore (1972) revealed that present well water systems are the least costly available, but the quality and quantity make most of these sources unreliable. Alternatives considered by Moore included farm ponds, municipal water supplies, transported water, and various combinations of these potential sources. Moore concluded that farm ponds with a treatment system could be one of the more satisfactory sources of water provided storage is available to meet demands during a prolonged drought. The data reported by Smith et al. ( 19 7 0) concerning nitrate levels in Washington County ponds were from samples collected during late spring. Hill et al. (1962) reported an average maximum level of 3.1 mg/1 of nitrate nitrogen occurred in 14 Ohio ponds with a mean value of 0.17 mg/1. Hill also reported that maximum values for some chemical parameters occurred during early spring months. The authors felt that ponds in Washington County could potentially exceed the public health limit for nitrate because contamination could occur from the same sources causing widespread groundwater contamination. Also, it was felt that differences in watershed types could influence the quality of pond water. Pryor (1956), Smith (1970), and Moore (1972) have shown that Washington County needs an alternate water supply to existing low-quality wells. A project was initiated in December 1970 to determine seasonal and monthly fluctuations of several water quality parameters in farm ponds having different watershed types. Additionally, the premise that Washington County farm ponds could provide water of acceptable quality to repace existing low-quality wells was considered

Geodetic precession and frame dragging observed far from massive objects and close to a gyroscope

Total precession (geodetic precession and frame dragging) depends on the velocity of each source of gravitation, which means that it depends on the choice of the coordinate system. We consider the latter as an anomaly specifically in the Gravity Probe B experiment, we investigated it and solved this anomaly. Thus, we proved that if our present expression for the geodetic precession is correct, then the frame dragging should be 25% less than its predicted value.Comment: 11 page

Statistical analysis of general aviation VG-VGH data

To represent the loads spectra of general aviation aircraft operating in the Continental United States, VG and VGH data collected since 1963 in eight operational categories were processed and analyzed. Adequacy of data sample and current operational categories, and parameter distributions required for valid data extrapolation were studied along with envelopes of equal probability of exceeding the normal load factor (n sub z) versus airspeed for gust and maneuver loads and the probability of exceeding current design maneuver, gust, and landing impact n sub z limits. The significant findings are included

A High Galactic Latitude HI 21cm-line Absorption Survey using the GMRT: I. Observations and Spectra

We have used the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT) to measure the Galactic HI 21-cm line absorption towards 102 extragalactic radio continuum sources, located at high (|b| >15deg.) Galactic latitudes. The Declination coverage of the present survey is Decl. ~ -45deg.. With a mean rms optical depth of ~0.003, this is the most sensitive Galactic HI 21-cm line absorption survey to date. To supplement the absorption data, we have extracted the HI 21-cm line emission profiles towards these 102 lines of sight from the Leiden Dwingeloo Survey of Galactic neutral hydrogen. We have carried out a Gaussian fitting analysis to identify the discrete absorption and emission components in these profiles. In this paper, we present the spectra and the components. A subsequent paper will discuss the interpretation of these results.Comment: 46 pages, Accepted for publication in Journal of Astrophysics & Astronom

Generalized Darboux transformations for the KP equation with self-consistent sources

The KP equation with self-consistent sources (KPESCS) is treated in the framework of the constrained KP equation. This offers a natural way to obtain the Lax representation for the KPESCS. Based on the conjugate Lax pairs, we construct the generalized binary Darboux transformation with arbitrary functions in time $t$ for the KPESCS which, in contrast with the binary Darboux transformation of the KP equation, provides a non-auto-B\"{a}cklund transformation between two KPESCSs with different degrees. The formula for N-times repeated generalized binary Darboux transformation is proposed and enables us to find the N-soliton solution and lump solution as well as some other solutions of the KPESCS.Comment: 20 pages, no figure

The functional relation between syntactic and morphological recovery in aphasia: A case study

Morphological and syntactic impairments often co-occur in aphasia. Whether they are causally related is an issue of long-standing debate. This paper reports a case study of one individual with such impairments and describes their recovery in response to linguistically-motivated treatment. CL is a 56 year-old male with Broca's aphasia and limited capacity to produce syntactically complex utterances or grammatical morphology. He was enrolled in the Treatment of Underlying Forms protocol (Thompson, 2001). CL acquired production of Wh- questions, indicating improved access to CP, but his production of CP-related morphology declined. These patterns indicate that the recovery of syntactic and morphological processes in aphasia are at least partially independent