1,750 research outputs found
Pure iron grains are rare in the universe
The abundant forms in which the major elements in the universe exist have
been determined from numerous astronomical observations and meteoritic
analyses. Iron (Fe) is an exception, in that only depletion of gaseous Fe has
been detected in the interstellar medium, suggesting that Fe is condensed into
a solid, possibly the astronomically invisible metal. To determine the primary
form of Fe, we replicated the formation of Fe grains in gaseous ejecta of
evolved stars by means of microgravity experiments. We found that the sticking
probability for formation of Fe grains is extremely small; only several atoms
will stick per hundred thousand collisions, so that homogeneous nucleation of
metallic Fe grains is highly ineffective, even in the Fe-rich ejecta of Type Ia
supernovae. This implies that most Fe is locked up as grains of Fe compounds or
as impurities accreted onto other grains in the interstellar medium
Chapter Sleep Spindles – As a Biomarker of Brain Function and Plasticity
Alternative & renewable energy sources & technolog
Sleep Spindles – As a Biomarker of Brain Function and Plasticity
Alternative & renewable energy sources & technolog
Chiral Phase Transitions in QCD at Finite Temperature: Hard-Thermal-Loop Resummed Dyson-Schwinger Equation in the Real Time Formalism
Chiral phase transition in thermal QCD is studied by using the
Dyson-Schwinger (DS) equation in the real time hard thermal loop approximation.
Our results on the critical temperature and the critical coupling are
significantly different from those in the preceding analyses in the ladder DS
equation, showing the importance of properly taking into account the essential
thermal effects, namely the Landau damping and the unstable nature of thermal
quasiparticles.Comment: 4 pages including 2 figures (ps file), to appear in the proceedings
of the 4th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of
Quark-Gluon Plasma (ICPAQGP-2001), 26-30 November 2001, Jaipur, Indi
Female Workers in Japan: Opportunities & Challenges
This study is based on a survey of male and female workers in organizations in and around Nagoya, Japan. It provides insights into gender issues within Japanese business organizations. The study finds that the female managers in Japan assess the managerial skills of women more positively than do their male counterparts. Business organizations in Japan are male-dominated and little is done to help women fit into the business culture. This is especially true when one considers the number of females in management ranks. Female workers in Japanese businesses perceive that they make many positive contributions to the workplace, such as focusing on process rather than just results, paying attention to details, showing compassion and care in decision making, expressing willingness to “go an extra mile,” being sensitive to human relations, and offering a fresh perspective to business problems. It is not popular in Japan for females to use legal means against accepting a slower rate of advancement to cope with gender-bias
Effects of a burst of formation of first-generation stars on the evolution of galaxies
First-generation (Population III) stars in the universe play an important
role inearly enrichment of heavy elements in galaxies and intergalactic medium
and thus affect the history of galaxies. The physical and chemical properties
of primordial gas clouds are significantly different from those of present-day
gas clouds observed in the nearby universe because the primordial gas clouds do
not contain any heavy elements which are important coolants in the gas.
Previous theoretical considerations have suggested that typical masses of the
first-generation stars are between several and
although it has been argued that the formation of very massive stars (e.g., ) is also likely. If stars with several are most popular
ones at the epoch of galaxy formation, most stars will evolve to hot (e.g.,
K), luminous () stars with gaseous and dusty
envelope prior to going to die as white dwarf stars. Although the duration of
this phase is short (e.g., yr), such evolved stars could contribute
both to the ionization of gas in galaxies and to the production of a lot of
dust grains if the formation of intermediate-mass stars is highly enhanced. We
compare gaseous emission-line properties of such nebulae with some interesting
high-redshift galaxies such asIRAS F10214+4724 and powerful radio galaxies.Comment: 25 pages, 7 figures, ApJ, in pres
Somatic insulin signaling regulates a germline starvation response in Drosophila egg chambers
AbstractEgg chambers from starved Drosophila females contain large aggregates of processing (P) bodies and cortically enriched microtubules. As this response to starvation is rapidly reversed upon re-feeding females or culturing egg chambers with exogenous bovine insulin, we examined the role of endogenous insulin signaling in mediating the starvation response. We found that systemic Drosophila insulin-like peptides (dILPs) activate the insulin pathway in follicle cells, which then regulate both microtubule and P body organization in the underlying germline cells. This organization is modulated by the motor proteins Dynein and Kinesin. Dynein activity is required for microtubule and P body organization during starvation, while Kinesin activity is required during nutrient-rich conditions. Blocking the ability of egg chambers to form P body aggregates in response to starvation correlated with reduced progeny survival. These data suggest a potential mechanism to maximize fecundity even during periods of poor nutrient availability, by mounting a protective response in immature egg chambers
Effect of moisture-proof corrugated boxes on water loss from cabbage during storage
Reducing water loss from cabbages during storage is essential to extend the shelf life of this widely consumed horticultural crop. In this study, we evaluated the effect of moisture-proof corrugated boxes (MPBs) on water loss from cabbages during storage. We first evaluated the water vapour barrier property of MPB material and found it to be superior to that of conventional corrugated box (CCB) material. Cabbages were then stored in MPBs and CCBs for 9 days, during which their water loss was measured. Cabbages stored in MPBs showed significantly less water loss than those in CCBs. Moreover, storage in the MPBs did not negatively affect the fundamental qualities of the cabbages, such as the green colouration, the soluble solid content, and the ascorbic acid content. The use of MPBs was demonstrated to be an effective and viable way to reduce water loss from cabbages during storage
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