1,063 research outputs found
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CHANGES OF THE MASS MOMENTS OF INERTIA DURING A BREAST-STROKE
A new method of investigation of athletes' motion takes into consideration the changes of the principal moments of inertia and their directions during the interval of the motion, because these characterise the efficiency and the neuro-muscular regulation of the motion. This paper presents a comparative analysis of two top swimmers (Swl=Rozsa, Sw2=Guttler) and points out the significant difference caused by their alternate motion pattern
Surname Repetition and Isonymy in Northeastern Hungarian Marriages
This is the published version. Copyright 1990 Wayne State University Press.The repeated-pair (RP) approach to surnames in married couples is a measure of population subdivision resulting from the influence of lineagelike behavior in mate choice. An excess of RP over random RP implies limitations in mate choice and a reduction of genetic variability. Here we apply the RP method to data from the rural populations of Csaroda, Tiszaadony, and Tiszavid in northeastern Hungary. The results indicate small differences between RP and random RP for Tiszavid and somewhat larger differences for Tiszaadony and Csaroda. The excess of RP over random RP in Tiszavid, however, derives primarily from marriages simultaneously isonymous and repeating in only one lineage. The discrepancy between RP and random RP implies a small reduction in genetic variability
Estrogen induces estrogen receptor alpha-dependent cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation via mitogen activated protein kinase pathway in basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in vivo
In addition to classical genomic mechanisms, estrogen also exerts
nonclassical effects via a signal transduction system on neurons. To
study whether estrogen has a nonclassical effect on basal forebrain
cholinergic system, we measured the intensity of cAMP response
element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation (pCREB) in cholinergic
neurons after administration of 17 beta-estradiol to ovariectomized
(OVX) mice. A significant time-dependent increase in the number of
pCREB-positive cholinergic cells was detected after estrogen
administration in the medial septum-diagonal band (MS-DB) and the
substantia innominata ( SI). The increase was first observed 15 min
after estrogen administration. The role of classical estrogen receptors
(ERs) was evaluated using ER knock-out mice in vivo. The
estrogen-induced CREB phosphorylation in cholinergic neurons was
present in ER beta knock-out mice but completely absent in ER beta
knock-out mice in MS-DB and SI. A series of in vitro studies
demonstrated that estrogen acted directly on cholinergic neurons.
Selective blockade of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)
pathway in vivo completely prevented estrogen-induced CREB
phosphorylation in cholinergic neurons in MS-DB and SI. In contrast,
blockade of protein kinase A (PKA) was effective only in SI. Finally,
studies in intact female mice revealed levels of CREB phosphorylation
within cholinergic neurons that were similar to those of
estrogen-treated OVX mice. These observations demonstrate an ER
alpha-mediated nonclassical effect of estrogen on the cholinergic
neurons and that these actions are present under physiological
conditions. They also reveal the role of MAPK and PKA-MAPK pathway
activation in nonclassical estrogen signaling in the basal forebrain
cholinergic neurons in vivo
A Mononuclear Fe(III) Single Molecule Magnet with a 3/2â5/2 Spin Crossover
The air stable complex [(PNP)FeCl(2)] (1) (PNP = N[2-P(CHMe(2))(2)-4-methylphenyl](2)(â)), prepared from one-electron oxidation of [(PNP)FeCl] with ClCPh(3), displays an unusual S = 3/2 to S = 5/2 transition above 80 K as inferred by the dc SQUID magnetic susceptibility measurement. The ac SQUID magnetization data, at zero field and between frequencies 10 and 1042 Hz, clearly reveals complex 1 to undergo a frequency dependent of the out-of-phase signal and thus be a single molecular magnet with a thermally activated barrier of U(eff) = 32-36 cm(â1) (47 - 52 K). Variable temperature Mössbauer data also corroborate a significant temperature dependence in ÎŽ and ÎE(Q) values for 1, which is in agreement with the system undergoing a change in spin state. Likewise, variable temperature X-band EPR spectra of 1 reveals the S = 3/2 to be likely the ground state with the S = 5/2 being close in energy. Multi-edge XAS absorption spectra suggest the electronic structure of 1 to be highly covalent with an effective iron oxidation state that is more reduced than the typical ferric complexes due to the significant interaction of the phosphine groups in PNP and Cl ligands with iron. A variable temperature single crystal X-ray diffraction study of 1 collected between 30-300 K also reveals elongation of the FeâP bond lengths and increment in the ClâFeâCl angle as the S = 5/2 state is populated. Theoretical studies show overall similar orbital pictures except for the d(z(2)) orbital which is the most sensitivity to change in the geometry and bonding where the quartet ((4)B) and the sextet ((6)A) states are close in energy
Towards a Realistic Neutron Star Binary Inspiral: Initial Data and Multiple Orbit Evolution in Full General Relativity
This paper reports on our effort in modeling realistic astrophysical neutron
star binaries in general relativity. We analyze under what conditions the
conformally flat quasiequilibrium (CFQE) approach can generate
``astrophysically relevant'' initial data, by developing an analysis that
determines the violation of the CFQE approximation in the evolution of the
binary described by the full Einstein theory. We show that the CFQE assumptions
significantly violate the Einstein field equations for corotating neutron stars
at orbital separations nearly double that of the innermost stable circular
orbit (ISCO) separation, thus calling into question the astrophysical relevance
of the ISCO determined in the CFQE approach. With the need to start numerical
simulations at large orbital separation in mind, we push for stable and long
term integrations of the full Einstein equations for the binary neutron star
system. We demonstrate the stability of our numerical treatment and analyze the
stringent requirements on resolution and size of the computational domain for
an accurate simulation of the system.Comment: 22 pages, 18 figures, accepted to Phys. Rev.
Lessons from evaluation of CCAFS outcomes to improve outcome delivery and reporting: Lessons learned from 2016-2019 outcome case evaluations
To help CCAFS projects improve on reporting outcomes, we looked at all project outcome cases that were submitted between 2016 and 2019 and how they were evaluated. The findings of this investigation provide some lessons learned on what helps to make a strong outcome story as well as common mistakes to avoid
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