A review on various optimization techniques of resource provisioning in cloud computing

Cloud computing is the provision of IT resources (IaaS) on-demand using a pay as you go model over the internet.It is a broad and deep platform that helps customers builds sophisticated, scalable applications. To get the full benefits, research on a wide range of topics is needed. While resource over-provisioning can cost users more than necessary, resource under provisioning hurts the application performance. The cost effectiveness of cloud computing highly depends on how well the customer can optimize the cost of renting resources (VMs) from cloud providers. The issue of resource provisioning optimization from cloud-consumer potential is a complicated optimization issue, which includes much uncertainty parameters. There is a much research avenue available for solving this problem as it is in the real-world. Here, in this paper we provide details about various optimization techniques for resource provisioning

Trials and tribulations of immigrants in Bharathi Mukherjee's Wife

Bharati Mukherjee is one of the most well known immigrant writers of America. Immigration is an amalgamated journey experience of oneself to another country. Migration separates one from their mother land towards an alien land, where it is marked by new culture and new adjustments. Bharathi Mukherjee's novel wife portrays an immigrant looking back to her mother country with pain and nostalgia. Bharathi Mukherjee had beautifully carved the shapes of the characters that even a normal reader feels the presence of their tribulations as the personal grievances. The present article focuses on the trials and tribulations experienced by the Indian woman migrating to alien lands after her marriage. Dimple, the female protagonist of Bharati Mukherjee's Wife, faces the problem of loss of culture and the quest for a new identity in the US

Novel framework of retaining maximum data quality and energy efficiency in reconfigurable wireless sensor network

There are various unseen and unpredictable networking states in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that adversely affect the aggregated data quality. After reviewing the existing approaches of data quality in WSN, it was found that the solutions are quite symptomatic and they are applicable only in a static environment; however their successful applicability on dynamic and upcoming reconfigurable network is still a big question. Moreover, data quality directly affects energy conservation among the nodes. Therefore, the proposed system introduces a simple and novel framework that jointly addresses the data quality and energy efficiency using probability-based design approach. Using a simplified analytical methodology, the proposed system offers solution in the form of selection transmission of an aggergated data on the basis of message priority in order to offer higher data utilization factor. The study outcome shows proposed system offers a good balance between data quality and energy efficiency in contrast to existing system

A Cadaveric Report on a Giant Ureteric Stone Led Right Hydro Ureter and Severe Hydronephrosis

BACKGROUND: The ureter shows natural constrictions in its course, and these are the potential site for the impaction of the renal calculus. Giant ureteral stones are associated with insidious growth and late presentation, often leading to renal failure.CASE PRESENTATION: In the present case, we observed a huge ureteric stone obstructing the right ureterovesical junction in a 58 year-old male cadaver. We also found hydroureter distal to the impaction of the calculus, renal damage and severe hydronephrosis on the right side. Histopathological analysis showed conditions of arterio-nephro-sclerosis and eroded ureter secondary to the calculus. Ureteric stones obstruction may result in hydroureter, hydronephrosis and progressive renal damage leading to irreversible renal function. The present case provides valuable information regarding the gross and histopathological alterations in ureteric calculi.CONCLUSION: It further enables clinicians to be armed with the knowledge of preventive approaches to educate patients with previous calculi, or those who may develop in the future.

Health Care Automation in Compliance to Industry 4.0 Standards: A Case Study of Liver Disease Prediction

The industrial internet contributes to the standards of Industry 4.0, which involve handling large volumes of data using advanced soft-computing techniques. Machine Learning (ML) is an advanced soft-computing technique that plays a critical role in predicting and detecting serial chronic diseases, thereby automating the diagnosis. The process constitutes and uses several data mining algorithms and methods for efficient medical data analysis. Recent studies on several chronic diseases, liver disorders and diseases associated with the organ have been fatal. In this paper, the liver patient dataset from India is considered and investigated for developing a classification model. Liver disease is a dangerous, life-threatening disease often diagnosed false positive. Mild liver enlargement, improper or ambiguous functionality over a brief period, is prominent even in healthy people, which has become the main reason for ignoring the same at the early stage. It is essential to predict liver disease through the parameters and their values from the liver functionality test sensing the behavior of similar patients who were ignored in the initial stage. In this paper, the machine learning technique is demonstrated to predict liver disease using the liver function test data of the 580 patients as training data. The model has been developed with an accuracy of approximately 75%. The simulation-based experiment is based on the publicly available dataset and can be extended to any native set to predict the patients' health quickly. The Random Forest Algorithm is used to develop the model in Matlab, and the analysis is carried out using parameters like total bilirubin, alkaline phosphotase, alamine aminotransferase, total proteins, and A/G ratio

HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF CAESALPENIA BONDUC AGAINST CCL4 INDUCED CHRONIC HEPATOTOXICITY

Objective: The leaves of Caesalpinia bonduc (CB) have been used against various disorders in folk medicine including the liver disorders. Earlier, we have shown the hepatoprotective effect of CB in acute hepatotoxicity model. The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-hepatotoxic and anti-fibrotic effect of the aqueous leaf extract of CB on CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) induced chronic hepatotoxicity/fibrosis in Wistar rats.Methods: Animals were divided into three groups namely; preventive, curative and prophylactic, which was further subdivided into four groups each: Group I–untreated control, group II-CCl4 control, group III-CB+CCl4 and group IV–silymarin+CCl4. The aqueous extract of CB/silymarin was administered orally once, daily for eight weeks in the curative group and for four weeks in preventive and prophylactic groups respectively. The chronic liver damage/fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 twice a week, for four weeks in preventive and prophylactic groups and for eight weeks in the curative group. Blood samples were collected for assaying serum biochemical parameters, and the livers were excised and processed for histology.Results: The data showed that supplementation of aqueous leaf extract of CB along with CCl4 significantly reduced the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase(ALP), total bilirubin(TB) and prothrombin time(PT) thus further restoring the total protein(TP) and albumin(ALB) in preventive, curative and prophylactic groups when compared to CCl4 control. Significant improvement in the microscopic structure of the liver further confirmed the hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of CB over the liver injury and fibrosis induced by CCl4 in rats.Conclusion: The study, therefore, suggests that aqueous extract of CB might provide a novel and alternative approach for treating the chronic hepatotoxicity/liver fibrosis.Keywords: Caesalpenia bonduc, Liver, Chronic, CCl4, Fibrosis, Silymarin, Hepato-protectio

Caesalpinia bonduc Linn Extracts Exhibit Hepatoprotective Effect on HepG2 Cells against Paracetamol by Up-regulating Glutathione Related Genes

Background: Caesalpinia bonduc (CB) is said to own various pharmacological and therapeutic application against a number of diseases. It is used widely in folk medicine to treat liver diseases. In the present study, we have made a sincere effort to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of CB leaf extracts against Paracetamol (PCM) induced toxicity and their mechanism of hepatoprotection in the human Hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2 cells) thereby providing scientific evidence for the same. Material and Methods: The hepatoprotective activity of CB was assessed in-vitro by the estimation of glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA), anti-apoptotic assay/Annexin V and the expressions of genes such as Glutathione Reductase (GS-R) and Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase, Catalytic (GCLC). Results: The obtained results suggest that the aqueous extract of CB possess significant hepatoprotective activity. This activity may be due to the possible antioxidant property and the free radical scavenging ability of the extracts, which might clear the toxic metabolites of PCM. Conclusion: The present study suggests that the aqueous extract of CB have potential hepatoprotective activity, which may prevent the lipid peroxidation of the cell membrane by its antioxidant properties

Recent Advances in Copper-Based Materials for Sustainable Environmental Applications

In recent years, copper-based nanomaterials have gained significant attention for their practical applications due to their cost-effectiveness, thermal stability, selectivity, high activity, and wide availability. This review focuses on the synthesis and extensive applications of copper nanomaterials in environmental catalysis, addressing knowledge gaps in pollution management. It highlights recent advancements in using copper-based nanomaterials for the remediation of heavy metals, organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals, and other contaminants. Also, it will be helpful to young researchers in improving the suitability of implementing copper-based nanomaterials correctly to establish and achieve sustainable goals for environmental remediation.This work was supported by Qatar University through a National Capacity Building Program Grant (NCBP), [QUCP-CAM-20/23-463]. Statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors

Salmonella Type III Effector AvrA Stabilizes Cell Tight Junctions to Inhibit Inflammation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Salmonella Typhimurium is a major cause of human gastroenteritis. The Salmonella type III secretory system secretes virulence proteins, called effectors. Effectors are responsible for the alteration of tight junction (TJ) structure and function in intestinal epithelial cells. AvrA is a newly described bacterial effector found in Salmonella. We report here that AvrA expression stabilizes cell permeability and tight junctions in intestinal epithelial cells. Cells colonized with an AvrA-deficient bacterial strain (AvrA−) displayed decreased cell permeability, disruption of TJs, and an increased inflammatory response. Western blot data showed that TJ proteins, such as ZO-1, claudin-1, decreased after AvrA- colonization for only 1 hour. In contrast, cells colonized with AvrA-sufficient bacteria maintained cell permeability with stabilized TJ structure. This difference was confirmed in vivo. Fluorescent tracer studies showed increased fluorescence in the blood of mice infected with AvrA- compared to those infected with the AvrA-sufficient strains. AvrA- disrupted TJ structure and function and increased inflammation in vivo, compared to the AvrA- sufficient strain. Additionally, AvrA overexpression increased TJ protein expression when transfected into colonic epithelial cells. An intriguing aspect of this study is that AvrA stabilized TJs, even though the other TTSS proteins, SopB, SopE, and SopE2, are known to disrupt TJs. AvrA may play a role in stabilizing TJs and balancing the opposing action of other bacterial effectors. Our findings indicate an important role for the bacterial effector AvrA in regulation of intestinal epithelial cell TJs during inflammation. The role of AvrA represents a highly refined bacterial strategy that helps the bacteria survive in the host and dampen the inflammatory response