Effect of Surface Microstructure on the Temperature sensitivity of Burning Rate of Ammonium Perchlorate

Considering Vielle's law and the new thermodynamic model which the authors have developed recently the true dependence of temperature sensitivity of burning rate of ammonium perchlorate (AP) on pressure is resolved and experimentally verified for bellet burning. The value of decreases with pressure steeply in regime I' (below 20 atm), but gently in regime I (above 20 atm). The value of powder AP has been determined and it is observed that (powder) > (pellet), which clearly suggests that of is innuenced by the surface temperature sensitive parameter and hence by the surface/subsurface microstructure. In powder burning, the buoyant lifting of the particles into the gas phase occurs, Which constitutes the so-called 'free board region' (FER) extending just above the true surface. Consequent to the decomposition of AP particles in FER, the condensed phase heat release gets curtailed and (powder) becomes larger. A general relationship for in terms of density and surface temperature is suggested, which is applicable to both pellet and powder AP

A comparative analysis of serum lipid profile between normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women

Background: The pregnancy results in the development of the placenta which is characterized by the hormonal changes in the women body, which results in the alteration of lipid profile, diabetic state of the pregnant mothers and many others. Objective of this study was to compare the of serum lipid profile between normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted by the department of OBG, Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan from July 2018 to December 2018. A total of 6 months the study was conducted. A total of 50 pregnant mothers who were more than 20 weeks of gestation and suffering from Preeclampsia were include in the study group and 50 Pregnant mothers who were more than 20 weeks of gestation and normotensive were included in the controls.Results: Majority of the study subjects in both the groups were less than 25 years of age. The mean age of mothers in study group was 23.19 years and 24.19 years in the control group. The mean HDL level was more among the normotensive group than the pre eclamptic group and the p value was found to be statistically insignificant. The VLDL, LDL and triglyceride level was more in the pre eclamptic group than the normotensive group and the association was also found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Hormonal changes in pregnancy results in physiological Hyperlipidemia, in conditions like pre-eclampsia triglyceride are elevated more than the normal rise seen in normal pregnancy. Increased lipid profile with raised TG, VLDL, LDL levels leads to the development of Preeclampsia by increasing the oxidative stress and the endothelial dysfunction

SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF CERTAIN SCHIFF BASES OF OCTAHYDRO-1H-PYRROLO [3, 4-B] PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES

Objective: Synthesis, characterization and biological screening of some new 1,6-disubstituted Octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine Schiff base (13a-n) derivatives.Methods: The scaffold of Octahydro-1H-pyrrolo [3,4-b]pyridine Schiff bases was prepared, synthesised and screened for their biological activity.Results: The structure of newly synthesized compounds was characterized by spectral data and screened for their biological activity like antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, and chelating efficacy activities against various bacteria and fungi strains. Screening revealed that several of these compounds (13a-n) showed potential biological activity.Conclusion: Investigation on newly synthesised 1,6-disubstituted Octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine Schiff base (13a-n) derivatives for their biological activity revealed that some of the compounds showed good antioxidant, chelating and antimicrobial properties. The fact that the newly synthesised Schiff bases in this study are chemically related to the current medication and suggests further work is clearly warranted and to be explored.Â

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Onion Yield and Soil Properties under Chromic haplusterts of Karnataka

A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2002 and 2003 under Chromic Haplusterts (medium black soils) at Zonal Agricultural Research Station, Hiriyur to study the effect of Coir Pith Based Compost (CPBC) along with organic manures and inorganic fertilizers on yield of Onion. The study revealed that combined application of CPBC @ 15 t/ha along with press mud (PM) and half the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) gave significant higher bulb yield of onion (14.70 t/ha) as compared to RDF along with FYM (9.55 t/ha). The bulb yields were on par with the combined application of CPBC along with FYM and 50% RDF or combined application of CPBC and Green manure (GM) along with 100% RDF, indicating the utility of CPBC in onion cultivation. Higher net and gross returns were recorded with application of CPBC and PM @ 15 t/ha each along with 50% RDF with better benefit cost ratio. The yield and quality parameters also differed significantly among the various combinations of CPBC with PM or FYM in conjunction with inorganic fertilizers. Analysis of the soil after the harvest of onion crop did not show any significant difference in pH and EC among the treatments. However, organic carbon, available phosphorus and available potash were significantly higher due to application of CPBC, PM, FYM and GM along with 50% or 100% RDF

Association of Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers with Metabolic Syndrome in Asian Indians in India

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is associated with a proinflammatory state. Here, we assessed the contribution of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers towards prediction of MetS. A total of 2316 individuals were recruited in Phase I of the Indian Atherosclerosis Research Study (IARS). Modified ATPIII guidelines were used for classification of subjects with MetS. Among the inflammatory and oxidative stress markers studied, levels of hsCRP (P < .0001), Neopterin (P = .036), and oxLDL (P < .0001) were significantly higher among subjects with MetS. Among the markers we tested, oxLDL stood out as a robust predictor of MetS in the IARS population (OR 4.956 95% CI 2.504–9.810; P < .0001) followed by hsCRP (OR 1.324 95% CI 1.070–1.638; P = .010). In conclusion, oxLDL is a candidate predictor for MetS in the Asian Indian population

Influence of Heat Input, Working Fluid and Evacuation Level on the Performance of Pulsating Heat Pipe

An experimental study on pulsating heat pipe (PHP) is presented in this work. A closed loop PHP with a single U turn is fabricated and tested. The transient and steady state experiments are conducted and operating temperatures are measured. The experiments are carried out for different working fluids, heat input and for different evacuation levels. The derived parameters include thermal resistance and heat transfer coefficient of PHP. The results of these experiments show an intermittent motion of the working fluid at lower heat input. The temperature difference between evaporator and condenser at steady state is found lower for acetone compared to water, ethanol and methanol. Lower value of thermal resistance and higher value of heat transfer coefficient are observed in case of acetone compared to water, ethanol and methanol. Lower values of temperature difference between evaporator and condenser and thermal resistance and higher value of heat transfer coefficient are observed at atmospheric conditions of operation of PHP compared to evacuation conditions. The Power Spectral Density Analysis is also carried out on the results of these experiments using FFT technique to analyse the pulsating motion of the fluid in a PHP. In the Power Spectral Density analysis, the frequency distribution of temperature variation in PHP was observed over a wider range, signifying the periodic motion in the fluid flow of the liquid slug and vapour plug. This characteristic frequency corresponded to the characteristic time for a couple of adjacent vapour plug and liquid slug passing through a specific local wall surface in a PHP

Spatial Distribution Patterns for Identifying Risk Areas Associated with False Smut Disease of Rice in Southern India

False smut disease (FSD) of rice incited by Ustilaginoidea virens is an emerging threat to paddy cultivation worldwide. We investigated the spatial distribution of FSD in different paddy ecosystems of South Indian states, viz., Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana, by considering the exploratory data from 111 sampling sites. Point pattern and surface interpolation analyses were carried out to identify the spatial patterns of FSD across the studied areas. The spatial clusters of FSD were confirmed by employing spatial autocorrelation and Ripley’s K function. Further, ordinary kriging (OK), indicator kriging (IK), and inverse distance weighting (IDW) were used to create spatial maps by predicting the values at unvisited locations. The agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis using the average linkage method identified four main clusters of FSD. From the Local Moran’s I statistic, most of the areas of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu were clustered together (at I > 0), except the coastal and interior districts of Karnataka (at I < 0). Spatial patterns of FSD severity were determined by semi-variogram experimental models, and the spherical model was the best fit. Results from the interpolation technique, the potential FSD hot spots/risk areas were majorly identified in Tamil Nadu and a few traditional rice-growing ecosystems of Northern Karnataka. This is the first intensive study that attempted to understand the spatial patterns of FSD using geostatistical approaches in India. The findings from this study would help in setting up ecosystem-specific management strategies to reduce the spread of FSD in India