CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF INDIGOFERA TINCTORIA LINN. AGAINST MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION-INDUCED RATS

  Objective: The aim and objective of the present study are to study the protective effects of ethanolic extract of Indica tinctoria (EEIT) in isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats.Methods: The effect of two doses of isoproterenol (5 mg/kg and 8.5 mg/kg body weight) changes in aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and total protein (TP) and lipid hydroperoxides, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) in blood serum and heart homogenate, for the two consecutive days (29 and 30), were administered subcutaneously in rats in pre-treatment with EEIT for the 28-day study.Results: There was increased the AST, ALT, LDH, CPK, and lipid peroxides levels and decreased the TP, SOD, GSH with Isoproterenol-induced group. Pre-treatment for 28 days with Indigofera tinctoria significantly (p<0.05) increased antioxidants (SOD , GSH) , TP levels and decreased the cardiotoxic agents significantly (p<0.05) such as LPO, AST, ALT, LDH, and CPK levels in treatment groups.Conclusion: I. tinctoria contains beneficial bioactive photochemicals that have been protective effective against isoproterenol-induced AMI in rats

Re-equilibration after quenches in athermal martensites:Conversion-delays for vapour to liquid domain-wall phases

Entropy barriers and ageing states appear in martensitic structural-transition models, slowly re-equilibrating after temperature quenches, under Monte Carlo dynamics. Concepts from protein folding and ageing harmonic oscillators turn out to be useful in understanding these nonequilibrium evolutions. We show how the athermal, non-activated delay time for seeded parent-phase austenite to convert to product-phase martensite, arises from an identified entropy barrier in Fourier space. In an ageing state of low Monte Carlo acceptances, the strain structure factor makes constant-energy searches for rare pathways, to enter a Brillouin zone `golf hole' enclosing negative energy states, and to suddenly release entropically trapped stresses. In this context, a stress-dependent effective temperature can be defined, that re-equilibrates to the quenched bath temperature.Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures. Under process with Phys. Rev. B (2015

2-D IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL GABOR FILTER DESIGN USING VERILOG

Fingerprint or Face Image enhancement using Gabor filter is one of highly computational complexity in fingerprint verification process. Gabor filter has a complex valued convolution kernel and a data format with complex values is used. So implementing Gabor filter is very significant in fingerprint verification process. Designing Gabor filter will help enhancing the quality of fingerprint image. In fingerprint recognition, Gabor filter optimally capture both local orientation and frequency information from a fingerprint image. By tuning a Gabor filter to specific frequency and direction, the local frequency and orientation information can be obtained. Thus, it is suited for extracting texture information from images. This paper presents the implementation of 2-D Gabor Filter design using Verilog HDL. This paper details important enhancement made to the 2D -Digital Gabor filter to minimize the sizing problem and the coding style that synthesizable. The intention is to study, analyze, simplify and improvise the design synthesis efficiency and accuracy while maintaining the same functionality. The result provides area efficiency architecture for the effective design

2-(Piperidin-1-yl)-6-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)pyridine-3,5-dicarbonitrile

The piperidine ring of the title compound, C16H15N5, adopts a chair conformation. The pyridine ring is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.035 (3) Å. The pyrrole and pyridine rings are almost coplanar, forming a dihedral angle of 3.48 (14)°. In the crystal, no classical hydrogen bonds were found. In the crystal, the molecules are linked by aromatic π–π stacking [centroid–centroid separations = 3.4984 (16) and 3.9641 (15) Å between pyrrole and pyridine rings and between pyridine rings, respectively]

The brain microenvironment mediates resistance in luminal breast cancer to PI3K inhibition through HER3 activation

Although targeted therapies are often effective systemically, they fail to adequately control brain metastases. In preclinical models of breast cancer that faithfully recapitulate the disparate clinical responses in these microenvironments, we observed that brain metastases evade phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition despite drug accumulation in the brain lesions. In comparison to extracranial disease, we observed increased HER3 expression and phosphorylation in brain lesions. HER3 blockade overcame the resistance of HER2-amplified and/or PIK3CA-mutant breast cancer brain metastases to PI3K inhibitors, resulting in marked tumor growth delay and improvement in mouse survival. These data provide a mechanistic basis for therapeutic resistance in the brain microenvironment and identify translatable treatment strategies for HER2-amplified and/or PIK3CA-mutant breast cancer brain metastases

Erratum: Understanding Vogel-Fulcher–like equilibration times through the partial equilibration scenario

Original article: EPL, 142 (2023) 3600

Understanding Vogel-Fulcher–like equilibration times through the partial equilibration scenario

We test a post-quench Partial Equilibration Scenario (PES) of Ritort and colleagues, through Monte Carlo quench simulations, of a vector-spin model for a cubic-to-tetragonal, martensitic structural transition. We confirm the PES signature distribution of an exponential tail in heat releases, scaled in an effective search temperature that regulates energy-lowering passages between fixed-energy shells. Our simulations find that this effective temperature vanishes linearly in the deviation of the quench temperature from a divergence temperature, where passage bottlenecks in phase space segment their topology, and entropy barriers diverge. Equilibration delay times, exponential in the inverse effective temperature, are thus predicted to show singular Vogel-Fulcher behaviour, understood here as an arrest of PES heat releases to the bath, and confirmed by experimental data on martensitic alloys

Incubation times and entropy barriers in martensitic kinetics: Monte Carlo quench simulations of strain pseudospins

Martensitic materials quenched from the austenite phase can show hugely different conversion kinetics: explosively rapid ("athermal"), or slowly incubated ("isothermal"). This traditional sharp distinction was queried by experiments finding conversion-incubation delay tails even in athermal martensites, at temperatures where only austenite should exist. To understand martensitic kinetics, we perform systematic Monte Carlo temperature-quench simulations of a protoypical martensitic model of S=0, ±1 strain pseudospins, with compatibility-induced, power law anisotropic interactions, and no extrinsic disorder. We find both athermal or isothermal behaviour in the same model, depending on parameters. In the athermal regime, the puzzling experimental temperature-time behaviour for conversions is reproduced: explosive conversions (below a spinodal), do indeed coexist with rising incubation-delay tails. A Vogel-Fulcher divergence at transition is predicted, in a region of tweed-like precursors. Incubations are explained as searches for rare, finite-scale transitional states, that are explicitly identified. Although complex textural changes occur during incubation, the energies are quite flat, in a signature of entropy barriers. The model suggests systematic quench experiments in martensites

Stereoselective total synthesis of obolactone via Prins cyclization

The total synthesis of a pyrone natural product obolactone has been accomplished using Prins cyclization as the key step