Expedition diary — insights into the history of organizing and conducting Russian Arctic expeditions in the early XXth century

The collections belonging to the Museum-Archive of the history of study and development of the European North of the Barents Center of the Humanities — Branch of the Federal Research Center «Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences» (BCH KSC RAS), contain several handwritten diaries by members of Arctic expeditions organized in the first half of the XXth century. The article discusses the value of the expedition diary of a member of a Russian Arctic expedition to Dikson Island (1916), the hydrometeorologist Innokenty Tikhomirov (1890–1955), as a possible source of data on the history of organizing and conducting scientific research in the Arctic. Based on the data presented in the diary, the paper reconstructs the progress of work on the organization of the northernmost meteorological station on Dikson Island in 1916.В фондах, принадлежащих Музею-архиву истории изучения и освоения Европейского Севера Центра гуманитарных проблем Баренц региона — филиала ФИЦ КНЦ РАН, хранятся несколько рукописных дневников, авторы которых в первой половине ХХ в. были участниками арктических экспедиций. В статье рассмотрен потенциал экспедиционного дневника участника российской экспедиции на о. Диксон (1916) гидрометеоролога и климатолога Иннокентия Константиновича Тихомирова (1890–1955) как возможного исторического источника по истории организации и проведения научных исследований в Арктике. Благодаря дневнику И. К. Тихомирова реконструирован ход работ по организации в 1916 г. самой северной на тот момент метеорологической станции на о. Диксон

А History of Russian Literature: Foreign Scholars about the Russian Novel

В статье представлена рецензия на книгу "History of Russian Literature", в которой особенное внимание уделяется истории русской литературы XIX века.The article presents a review of the book “A History of Russian Literature” published in 2018 by Oxford University Press. It contains an overall description of the publication, which has more than a thousandpages, but pays special attention to the history of Russian literature of the 19th century - the chapter that has become the center of the entire book

Novel Character in Epic Discourse

В статье рассматривается образ Марка Волохова, героя романа И. А. Гончарова "Обрыв", как проявление литературной игры и иронии.The article addresses one of the most important Goncharov's characters - Mark Volokhov from the novel The Precipice. It is argued that Goncharov deliberately created ambiguous image of the character, ironicallyforcing the negative superficial impression

Reflection of sociological concepts in teaching practice

СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯУЧЕБНЫЙ ПРОЦЕССГЕНДЕРОБРАЗОВАНИЕ МЕДИЦИНСКОЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИПРЕПОДАВАНИ

A reduced-reference perceptual image and video quality metric based on edge preservation

In image and video compression and transmission, it is important to rely on an objective image/video quality metric which accurately represents the subjective quality of processed images and video sequences. In some scenarios, it is also important to evaluate the quality of the received video sequence with minimal reference to the transmitted one. For instance, for quality improvement of video transmission through closed-loop optimisation, the video quality measure can be evaluated at the receiver and provided as feedback information to the system controller. The original image/video sequence-prior to compression and transmission-is not usually available at the receiver side, and it is important to rely at the receiver side on an objective video quality metric that does not need reference or needs minimal reference to the original video sequence. The observation that the human eye is very sensitive to edge and contour information of an image underpins the proposal of our reduced reference (RR) quality metric, which compares edge information between the distorted and the original image. Results highlight that the metric correlates well with subjective observations, also in comparison with commonly used full-reference metrics and with a state-of-the-art RR metric. © 2012 Martini et al

Peroral endoscopic myotomy after operative interventions on the gastroesophageal junction

A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow, Russia, Al XIII-lea Congres al Asociației Chirurgilor „Nicolae Anestiadi” și al III-lea Congres al Societății de Endoscopie, Chirurgie miniminvazivă și Ultrasonografie ”V.M.Guțu” din Republica MoldovaIntroduction: Per oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) may be a challenge in patients with previous interventions on the esophagealgastric junction. The degree of fibrosis in submucosal space plays a key role in the feasibility and safety of tunnel technique. Aim: To evaluate the safety of per oral endoscopic myotomy in patients previously operated on the esophageal-gastric junction. Material and methods: Between July 2014 and May 2018, 123 patients underwent POEM in the Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, including 46 (37%) patients previously operated on the esophageal-gastric junction. The group of operated patients involved 41 (89%) patients after pneumatic balloon dilation, 3 (6.5%) patients after Heller myotomy, 1 (2%) patient after previous esophagogastroplication, 1 (2%) after POEM. Results: The POEM procedure was successfully completed all patients. The mean operative was comparable in both groups: 106 min (55-195 min) in previously operated patients and 103 min (45-180 min) in naïve patients. F0 degree was detected in 14 (30%) cases, F1 in 29 (63%), maximal fibrosis (F2) in 3 (6.5%) patients who had previously undergone pneumatic balloon dilation. In patients after Heller's myotomy and esophagogastroplication, the degree of fibrosis reached F1, despite the expected more pronounced fibrosis. In the group of primary patients F0, the degree was detected in 27 (35%) observations, F1 - 46 (60%), severe fibrosis (F2) was detected in 4 (5%). There were no intraoperative complications affecting the tactics of surgical intervention in one observation. There were no major bleeding episodes requiring blood transfusion in either group. In one case in the group of previously operated patients, a mucosal defect was detected after the formation of the tunnel. The lesion was clipped. The technical success of the surgical intervention was up to 100%. There were no intraoperative complications. X-ray examination on the 1st day after intervention with a water-soluble contrast showed appropriate evacuation and no leakage. Patients were discharged the 2nd day after surgery. Conclusions: The history of failed previous surgical interventions is not a contraindication to the POEM procedure and does not significantly affect the course of surgical intervention

Molecular cloning of KS, a novel rat gene expressed exclusively in the kidney

Molecular cloning of xKSx, a novel rat gene expressed exclusively in the kidney.BackgroundWe aimed to identify genes with kidney specific, developmentally regulated expression. Here we report the cDNA sequence and expression pattern of KS, a novel kidney-specific rat gene.MethodsA partial cDNA was identified by differential display polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of a renal cell fraction enriched for proximal tubular and renin-expressing cells. Using the partial cDNA as a probe, a rat kidney cDNA library was screened. The full-length KS sequence was obtained by PCR amplification of cDNA ends. The expression pattern of KS was investigated by Northern blot. RNA was extracted from several organs of newborn and adult rats, as well as from the kidneys of rats with altered tubular function, that is, rats that had undergone unilateral nephrectomy, unilateral ureteral obstruction, neonatal losartan treatment, and the appropriate control animals. The expression of KS was also investigated in the kidneys of rats with spontaneous or renovascular hypertension.ResultsThe KS cDNA (2426bp) contained one open reading frame encoding a predicted 572 amino acid protein. The derived peptide sequence displayed approximately 70% similarity to the hypertension-related SA gene product and approximately 50% similarity to prokaryotic and eukaryotic acetyl-CoA synthases (EC 6.2.1.1). KS was expressed in the kidney and not in any other organ assayed. KS RNA was not detected in fetal and newborn rat kidney but became apparent after one week of postnatal life. Gene expression was downregulated in rat models of altered tubular function. KS expression was decreased in spontaneously hypertensive rats but not in renovascular hypertension.ConclusionKS, a novel rat gene, exhibits a unique tissue-specific expression exclusively in mature kidneys. The data suggest KS may encode an adenosine monophosphate binding enzyme

Usage of Mobile Laboratories of Biological Expertise Abroad and in Russia: Present Day Realities and Prospects

We analyzed the data on availability and usage of mobile laboratories of biological expertise for indication and identification of pathogenic biological agents in foreign countries and in the Russian Federation. We outlined the major types of mobile units that exist abroad and in Russia. Key stages of evolution in design and deployment of mobile laboratories in the network of plague control institutions of the Rospotrebnadzor were described, as well as the broadening of the range of their use in Russia. We assessed operational use of the Russian mobile laboratories, both in Russia and abroad, in the provision of sanitary-epidemiological welfare during mass events, disaster management, and response to epidemic manifestations of particularly dangerous infectious diseases. Major trends in implementation of mobile units of biological expertise in Russia were identified. We addressed their usage in various State Programs on assistance to partner-countries in the matters of International Health Regulations (2005) implementation, control over dangerous infectious diseases. Advanced inventions – Second generation modernized mobile complex of the specialized anti-epidemic teams, mobile laboratory for monitoring and diagnostics, and airmobile anti-epidemic complex – were discussed

Basic Principles of Construction of Mobile Truck-Mounted Laboratories for Indication and Identification of Infectious Disease Agents

The paper covers historical retrospective of mobile truck-mounted laboratory construction, used for diagnostics of infectious diseases in the Russian Federation, as well as information on analogous laboratories of foreign manufacture. From the standpoint of systemic approach and systemic-functional analysis, investigated has been experience of the Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “ Microbe” in developing mobile complexes for indication and identification of infectious disease agents, I-IV pathogenicity groups. Outlined, scientifically substantiated and considered in depth are ten basic principles, underlying design and construction of mobile laboratories for laboratory diagnostics of infectious diseases