76 research outputs found
Cyclodextrin Complexes of Reduced Bromonoscapine in Guar Gum Microspheres Enhance Colonic Drug Delivery
Here, we report improved solubility and enhanced colonic delivery of reduced bromonoscapine (Red-Br-Nos), a cyclic ether brominated analogue of noscapine, upon encapsulation of its cyclodextrin (CD) complexes in bioresponsive guar gum microspheres (GGM). Phaseâsolubility analysis suggested that Red-Br-Nos complexed with β-CD and methyl-β-CD in a 1:1 stoichiometry, with a stability constant (Kc) of 2.29 Ă 103 Mâ1 and 4.27 Ă 103 Mâ1. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy indicated entrance of an OâCH2 or OCH3âC6H4âOCH3 moiety of Red-Br-Nos in the β-CD or methyl-β- CD cavity. Furthermore, the cage complex of Red-Br-Nos with β-CD and methyl-β-CD was validated by several spectral techniques. Rotating frame Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy revealed that the Ha proton of the OCH3âC6H4âOCH3 moiety was closer to the H5 proton of β-CD and the H3 proton of the methyl-β-CD cavity. The solubility of Red-Br-Nos in phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH âź 7.4) was improved by âź10.7-fold and âź21.2-fold when mixed with β-CD and methyl-β-CD, respectively. This increase in solubility led to a favorable decline in the IC50 by âź2-fold and âź3-fold for Red-Br-Nosâβ-CD-GGM and Red-Br-Nosâmethyl-β-CD-GGM formulations respectively, compared to free Red-Br-Nosâβ-CD and Red-Br-Nosâmethyl-β-CD in human colon HT-29 cells. GGM-bearing drug complex formulations were found to be highly cytotoxic to the HT-29 cell line and further effective with simultaneous continuous release of Red-Br-Nos from microspheres. This is the first study to showing the preparation of drug-complex loaded GGMS for colon delivery of Red-Br-Nos that warrants preclinical assessment for the effective management of colon cancer
Collaborating to Compete: Blood Profiling Atlas in Cancer (BloodPAC) Consortium
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136731/1/cpt666.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136731/2/cpt666_am.pd
Fe and Cr doping of liquidâphase epitaxial In0.53Ga0.47As/InP
Fe and Cr doping of liquidâphase epitaxial In0.53Ga0.47As grown at 650â°C on InP substrates have been investigated. Varying amounts of highâpurity Fe and Cr have been added to the growth melt. The resistivity of Feâdoped layers increases with increase of Fe added to the melt, and layers with NDâNA as low as 2.0Ă1012 cmâ3 can be grown consistently. From analysis of temperatureâdependent Hall data on conducting Feâdoped samples, the Fe acceptor ionization energy is found to be 0.46 eV. No additional feature is seen in the 4 K bandâedge photoluminescence spectra of Feâdoped layers. Cr doping seems to produce donorlike behavior and the electron concentration increases monotonically with increased addition of Cr to the melt. An additional peak, separated from the bandâgap energy by 24 meV is seen in the photoluminescence spectra of Crâdoped samples. It is believed that Cr itself, or a complex defect involving Cr is responsible for the formation of a donorlike center.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71081/2/JAPIAU-57-2-333-1.pd
Methods in Molecular Biology
Not AvailableParticle bombardment/biolistic delivery is a very popular method of genetic transformation of diverse
targets including cells and intact tissues. Delivery of DNA through particle bombardment is genotype and
species independent, nevertheless, an ef fi cient protocol for large-scale generation of transgenic plants
through embryogenic tissues with a high ( Âł 80%) shoot regeneration ef fi ciency is a prerequisite. Young
embryogenic tissues or multiple shoot buds in early stages of induction are the most suited target tissues
for recovery of transgenic plants. We describe the protocol for delivery of foreign genes using particle
delivery system (Biorad gene gun, PDS-1000/He) in to the meristematic tissues of embryonic axes derived
from mature seeds of castor. With the optimized physical and biological parameters, putative transformants
were obtained at a frequency of 1.4% through particle gun bombardment of castor embryo axes. Also,
transformation of embryogenic calli of sorghum using particle in fl ow gun (PIG) is described.Not Availabl
Differences in risk factors between early and late diagnosed developmental dysplasia of the hip
Copyright Š 2006 by the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is common, affecting 7.3 per 1000 births in South Australia. Clinical screening programmes exist to identify the condition early to gain the maximum benefit from early treatment. Although these screening programmes are effective, there are still cases that are missed. Previous research has highlighted key risk factors in the development of DDH. Objective: To compare the risk factors of cases of DDH identified late with those that were diagnosed early. Methods: A total of 1281 children with DDH born in 1988â1996 were identified from the South Australian Birth Defects Register. Hospital records of those who had surgery for DDH within 5 years of life were examined for diagnosis details. Twenty seven (2.1%) had been diagnosed at or after 3 months of age and were considered the late DDH cases (a prevalence of 0.15 per 1000 live births). Various factors were compared with early diagnosed DDH cases. Results: Female sex, vertex presentation, normal delivery, rural birth, and discharge from hospital less than 4 days after birth all significantly increased the risk of late diagnosis of DDH. Conclusions: The results show differences in the risk factors for early and late diagnosed DDH. Some known risk factors for DDH are in fact protective for late diagnosis. These results highlight the need for broad newborn population screening and continued vigilance and training in screening programmes.P Sharpe, K Mulpuri, A Chan, P J Cund
Annealing of Ion-implanted SiC by Laser-pulse-exposure-generated Shock-waves
Athermal annealing in phosphorus, boron, and aluminum/boron implanted 4H-SiC is explored by launching mechanical shock waves, induced by exposure to a laser pulse. Annealing is observed in a 3.2 mm outer diameter donut-shaped area surrounding the laser exposed spot. The minimum sheet-resistance within this area in phosphorus-implanted sample is close to the thermally annealed value of 400 Ί/âĄ. Unlike thermal annealing, shock annealing did not cause any redistribution of the implant, including boron, a known transient enhanced diffuser in SiC. Optimization of parameters like laser power and/or pulse duration or investigation of an alternate mechanical shockwave launching method is required to achieve athermal annealing far away from the center of the exposed region and similar to that of the thermal annealed material. Results of this study might help in the manufacturing of silicon carbide high-power, high-temperature, and radiation hardened devices in the future
Management of long bone fractures and traumatic hip dislocations in paediatric patients: study protocol for a prospective global multicentre observational cohort registry
ABSTRACT
Introduction Management controversy and clinical
equipoise exist in treatments of long bone fractures
and traumatic hip dislocation in paediatric patients
due to the lack of high-quality clinical evidence. This
protocol describes the effort of a large prospective global
multicentre cohort study (registry) aiming at providing
quality data to assist evidence-based treatment decisionmaking.
Methods and analysis Eligible paediatric patients
(N=750â1000) with open physes suffering from proximal
humerus fractures, distal humerus fractures, proximal
radius fractures, forearm shaft fractures, traumatic
hip dislocations, femoral neck fractures or tibial shaft
fractures will be recruited over a period of 24â36
months. Hospitalisation and treatment details (including
materials and implants) will be captured in a cloudbased, searchable database. Outcome measures include
radiographic assessments, clinical outcomes (such as
range of motion, limb length discrepancies and implant
removal), patient-reported outcomes (Patient Reported
Outcomes Of Fracture, Patient-Reported Outcomes
Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and EuroQol5D (EQ-5D-Y)) and adverse events.
Aside from descriptive statistics on patient demographics,
baseline characteristics, types of fractures and adverse
event rates, research questions will be formulated based
on data availability and quality. A statistical analysis plan
will be prepared before the statistical analysis.
Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval will be
obtained before patients are enrolled at each participating
site. Patient enrolment will follow an informed consent
process approved by the responsible ethics committee.
Peer-reviewed publication is planned to disseminate the
study results.
Trial registration number NCT04207892
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