EXPLORING DYSLIPIDEMIA THE AYURVEDIC WAY

Ayurveda is one of the ancient sciences originated in India that describes the ways of healthy living. Mere absence of disease cannot be termed as health. To name so, there must not be any pathology too. It needs perfect sense of well-being. The classical texts of Ayurveda opine that vitiation of any of the Dosha Dhatu and Mala can cause ill health or disease, and hence they must be prevented or corrected at the earliest. Dyslipidemia is an easily preventable and controllable risk factor related to cardiovascular but, is an iceberg condition. It is not a disease in itself but a cause for or associated with many diseases. Ayurvedic classical texts have not directly described this condition in detail but there are few descriptions or names which can be related with dyslipidemia. This paper tries to conceptualize dyslipidemia as per Ayurveda based on Dosha, Dhatu and their Guna at the level of Mahabhuta. Here, an effort is made to term it as a condition given in texts but not as a disease

Techniques for Evaluating the Fit of Removable and Fixed Prosthesis

The importance of an accurately fitting fixed prosthesis or a removable prosthesis is essential for the success of the restoration. Ill-fitting prosthesis may cause mechanical failures of the prosthesis, implant systems, or biologic complications of the surrounding tissue. There are several causes related to improper seating of the prosthesis. Some of which can be corrected and the others need to be repeated. Hence the clinician must carefully evaluate the adaptation of the prosthesis using the clinical techniques and combination of the available materials and evaluation methods to optimize the fit of prosthesis. This article reviews the various clinical methods that have been suggested for evaluating the fit of the fixed and removable prosthesis

Association of atherogenic indices with obesity and as biomarkers of cardiovascular risk

Background: Obesity, the new world syndrome is the major health problem pandemically. One of the causes of dyslipidemia is obesity. The study was aimed to detect the pattern and prevalence of dyslipidemia in obese persons.Methods: Case control study included 70 subjects categorized into two groups based on BMI (body mass index) as cases (obese) with BMI >25 kg/m2 (n=35) and controls (non-obese) with BMI <25 kg/m2 (n=35). Anthropometric measurements such as waist and hip circumference and waist to hip ratio were measured. Fasting venous blood samples collected were estimated for total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein. Non-HDL-cholesterol, atherogenic indices such as atherogenic index of plasma, Castelli's risk index I and II and atherogenic coefficient were calculated from the estimated lipids.Results: Dyslipidemia observed in obese cases was hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia (28.57%), lowered HDL (57.14%) and increased LDL (65.71%). Significant lower HDL, elevated non-HDL cholesterol, CRI-I, II and AC were observed in cases compared to controls. BMI had a significant negative correlation with HDL and positive correlation with anthropometric measurements, TC, non-HDL cholesterol and atherogenic indices. TC and HDL were associated with all the atherogenic indices. CRI-I, CRI-II and AC have significant diagnostic utility, with CRI-I and AC having more sensitivity and specificity at cut off values of 3.85 and 2.85 respectively.Conclusions: Decrease in HDL, elevated non-HDL cholesterol and atherogenic indices are associated with BMI. CRI-I and AC are indicative cardiovascular risk

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF SOME MANNICH BASE DERIVATIVE OF 2-(SUBTITUTED)-5-AMINO-THIADIAZOLES

Objective: The major objective of the present study was to design, synthesize some Mannich base derivative of 2-substituted-5-amino thiadiazoles with primary amines/phthalimide and formaldehyde anticipating effective as antimicrobial agents.Methods: The efficient syntheses of substituted thiadiazole were done simply by reaction of substituted benzoic acid with thiosemicarbazide in presence of only conc. sulphuric acid. The isolated products were further subjected for Mannich reaction and evaluated for antibacterial activity.Results: Three substituted thiadiazoles (BA-1 to BA-3) were synthesized by solvent less efficient synthesis and their Mannich base derivates were also prepared with phthalimide, p-nitro/methyl/chloro-aniline. All characterized products were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities. Among these compounds having nitro group (3,7,13) showed maximum activity followed by phthalimide, chloro and methyl groups.Conclusion: Thiadiazole-Mannich bases derivatives exhibited better antimicrobial activities then their starting components (BA-1 to BA-3) indicated joining different pharmacophore in the same molecule have increased activity.Â

Molecular Docking in Modern Drug Discovery: Principles and Recent Applications

The process of hunt of a lead molecule is a long and a tedious process and one is often demoralized by the endless possibilities one has to search through. Fortunately, computational tools have come to the rescue and have undoubtedly played a pivotal role in rationalizing the path to drug discovery. Of all techniques, molecular docking has played a crucial role in computer aided drug design and has swiftly gained ranks to secure a valuable position in the modern scenario of structure-based drug design. In this chapter, the principle, sampling algorithms, scoring functions and diverse available software’s for molecular docking have been summarized. We demonstrate the interplay of docking, classical techniques of structure-based design and X-ray crystallography in the process of drug discovery. In addition, we dwell upon some of the limitations faced in docking studies. Finally, several success stories of molecular docking approaches in drug discovery have been highlighted, concluding with remarks on molecular docking for the future

Schottiin, a New Prenylated Isoflavone from Psorothamnus schottii and Antibacterial Synergism Studies between Methicillin and Fremontone against MRSA

Presenter: Mallika Kumarihamyhttps://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters_2021/1001/thumbnail.jp

PURIFICATION AND MOLECULAR WEIGHT DETERMINATION OF KERATINASE ISOLATED FROM STREPTOMYCES MALAYSIENSIS

Objective: The aim of the present study was to purify and determine the molecular weight of keratinase isolated from Streptomyces malaysiensis.Methods: For that purpose purification was done using ammonium sulphate and Sephadex-LH 100 column chromatography. Further, the fractions were pooled and subjected to molecular weight determination using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).Results: The obtained results showed keratinase with 47.57% recovery, 3.5-fold purification and an estimated molecular mass of 27,000 Da. Keratinase showed an optimal activity at 60 οC and pH 8. Keratinase activity of the purified product was assayed with feather powder as a substrate. The isolated strain was identified as Streptomyces malaysiensis based on phylogenetic tree analysis. The strain isolated from termite mound soil showed the highest keratinase activity, which could be considered a microorganism of environmental origin.Conclusion: The production of keratinase on simple media with feathers as sole source allowing its production from the cheap substrate and a commercial production with low production cost. Stability in the presence of detergents, surfactants and solvents make this keratinase extremely useful for a biotechnological process involving keratin

Evaluation of safety and efficacy of intravenous iron sucrose therapy for moderate anaemia in antenatal women

Background: Prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia is high in developing countries like India. Treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy is very important to bring down maternal mortality rate as blood loss during delivery can lead to death of the patient. The aim and objective of our study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose infusions in antenatal women admitted in hospital suffering from moderate iron deficiency anaemia. Special emphasis was given to observe adverse drug effects.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in Obstetrics and Gynaecology department, Government General Hospital, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh. Study period was two months and study population included antenatal women with gestational age less than 37 weeks with moderate iron deficiency anaemia. Peripheral smear was examined for microcytic hypochromic anaemia and they were treated with intravenous infusion of iron sucrose. Haemoglobin levels were checked before and 5 weeks after iron infusions. Monitoring was done for adverse reactions.Results: Out of 322 admissions, 95% were found to be anaemic. 72 patients were suffering from moderate anaemia from which 25 have been included and treated with intravenous iron sucrose infusions. They were observed for efficacy and safety parameters. Two minor adverse events were reported (fever with chills and angioedema of lips) and they were excluded from study. Mean haemoglobin concentration was found to be raised from 7.08±0.73 (SD) to 11.33±0.48 (SD) within 5 weeks for 23 patients.Conclusions: Iron sucrose infusion is safe and effective for anaemia in pregnancy

The edge chromatic number of ΓI(R)

For a commutative ring R and an ideal I of R, the ideal-based zero-divisor graph is the undirected graph ΓI(R) with vertices {x∈R−I:xy∈I for some y∈R−I}, where distinct vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if xy∈I. In this paper, we discuss the nature of the edges of ΓI(R). We also find the edge chromatic number for the graph ΓI(R)