Recommending Datasets for Scientific Problem Descriptions

The steadily rising number of datasets is making it increasingly difficult for researchers and practitioners to be aware of all datasets, particularly of the most relevant datasets for a given research problem. To this end, dataset search engines have been proposed. However, they are based on user\u27s keywords and, thus, have difficulty determining precisely fitting datasets for complex research problems. In this paper, we propose a system that recommends suitable datasets based on a given research problem description. The recommendation task is designed as a domain-specific text classification task. As shown in a comprehensive offline evaluation using various state-of-the-art models, as well as 88,000 paper abstracts and 265,000 citation contexts as research problem descriptions, we obtain an F1-score of 0.75. In an additional user study, we show that users in real-world settings are 88% satisfied in all test cases. We therefore see promising future directions for dataset recommendation

Professional Organizations and Healthcare Industry Support: Ethical Conflict?

A good deal of attention has been recently focused on the presumed advertising excesses of the healthcare industry in its promotion techniques to healthcare professionals, whether through offering gratuities such as gifts, honoraria, or travel support2-6 or through deception. Two basic concerns have been expressed: Does the acceptance of gratuities bias the recipient, tainting his or her responsibilities as the patient's agent? Does acceptance of the gratuity by the healthcare professional contribute to the high cost of healthcare products? The California Society of Hospital Pharmacists was recently asked by its members to formulate a policy for an appropriate relationship between the Society and the healthcare industry, addressing these concerns. In formulating its policy, it became clear that the Society depended on healthcare industry support, gathered through journal advertising, fees for booths at its various educational events, and grants for speaker

How social enterprises can contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) – A conceptual framework

In the recent 2015 report by Social Enterprise UK - Think Global Trade Social - it is argued that social enterprises have an important role to play in the achievement of the UN’s new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, with 17 SDGs and no less than 169 associated targets, understanding how social enterprises can contribute to the achievement of these goals remains challenging. Particularly given the diversity of social enterprise models that exist globally. This chapter contributes towards addressing this problem by introducing a framework for conceptualising how social enterprises can contribute to the SDGs, illustrated with global examples. The chapter begins by reviewing what has been written about social enterprises and the SDGs. This is followed by the development and presentation of the conceptual framework. Finally, conclusions and areas for future research on social enterprises and the SDGs are identified

Degradation of haloaromatic compounds

An ever increasing number of halogenated organic compounds has been produced by industry in the last few decades. These compounds are employed as biocides, for synthetic polymers, as solvents, and as synthetic intermediates. Production figures are often incomplete, and total production has frequently to be extrapolated from estimates for individual countries. Compounds of this type as a rule are highly persistent against biodegradation and belong, as "recalcitrant" chemicals, to the class of so-called xenobiotics. This term is used to characterise chemical substances which have no or limited structural analogy to natural compounds for which degradation pathways have evolved over billions of years. Xenobiotics frequently have some common features. e.g. high octanol/water partitioning coefficients and low water solubility which makes for a high accumulation ratio in the biosphere (bioaccumulation potential). Recalcitrant compounds therefore are found accumulated in mammals, especially in fat tissue, animal milk supplies and also in human milk. Highly sophisticated analytical techniques have been developed for the detection of organochlorines at the trace and ultratrace level

Ureter- und Blasenersatzplastiken mit Dunndarm nach Nierentransplantationen. [Ileal ureteral substitute and ileal urinary diversion in conjunction with renal transplantation (author's transl)]

A patient with transplanted kidney and immunosuppression treatment has been treated because of a total necrosis of ureter by a replacement of a ureter with a pyeloileocystoplasty. A second patient with transplanted kidney and immunosuppression therapy has been given care to with total cystectomy and supravesical derivation of the urine by a ileal conduit of a solid cancer or urinary bladder. The good clinical results, five, respectively two years after the operation confirm that neither kidney transplantation nor immunosuppression therapy are counter indications to the use of small intestine plastics of the bladder of the ureter

Les ultrasons focalisés de haute intensité dans le traitement du cancer prostatique

Les ultrasons focalisés sont connus en urologie pour leur application dans la Iithotritie extracorporelle pour le traitement des calculs urinaires. Les ultrasons focalisés de haute Intensité créent des lésions irréversibles de nécrose de coagulation et de fibrose. Cela confère à cette arme thérapeutique un potentiel de destruction tissulaire. La prostate étant un organe facilement accessible par voie transrectale, c'est sur elle que sont faites les premières applications thérapeutiques de ce nouveau mode de traitement. Trois quarts des patients présentant un cancer localisé de la prostate ne sont pas candidats à une prostatectomie radicale et les possibilités thérapeutiques se limitent à l'hormonothérapie ou la radiothérapie aux effets secondaires non négligeables. Pour cette catégorie de patients, les ultrasons focalisés à haute intensité constituent une alternative thérapeutique peu invasive intéressante