360 research outputs found
Chemotactic predator-prey dynamics
A discrete chemotactic predator-prey model is proposed in which the prey
secrets a diffusing chemical which is sensed by the predator and vice versa.
Two dynamical states corresponding to catching and escaping are identified and
it is shown that steady hunting is unstable. For the escape process, the
predator-prey distance is diffusive for short times but exhibits a transient
subdiffusive behavior which scales as a power law with time and
ultimately crosses over to diffusion again. This allows to classify the
motility and dynamics of various predatory bacteria and phagocytes. In
particular, there is a distinct region in the parameter space where they prove
to be infallible predators.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Particle-unstable nuclei in the Hartree-Fock theory
Ground state energies and decay widths of particle unstable nuclei are
calculated within the Hartree-Fock approximation by performing a complex
scaling of the many-body Hamiltonian. Through this transformation, the wave
functions of the resonant states become square integrable. The method is
implemented with Skyrme effective interactions. Several Skyrme parametrizations
are tested on four unstable nuclei: 10He, 12O, 26O and 28O.Comment: 5 pages, LaTeX, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Shell Corrections for Finite-Depth Deformed Potentials: Green's Function Oscillator Expansion Method
Shell corrections of the finite deformed Woods-Saxon potential are calculated
using the Green's function method and the generalized Strutinsky smoothing
procedure. They are compared with the results of the standard prescription
which are affected by the spurious contribution from the unphysical particle
gas. In the new method, the shell correction approaches the exact limit
provided that the dimension of the single-particle (harmonic oscillator) basis
is sufficiently large. For spherical potentials, the present method is faster
than the exact one in which the contribution from the particle continuum states
is explicitly calculated. For deformed potentials, the Green's function method
offers a practical and reliable way of calculating shell corrections for weakly
bound nuclei.Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev. C, 12 pages, 7 figure
Decay Rate of Triaxially-Deformed Proton Emitters
The decay rate of a triaxially-deformed proton emitter is calculated in a
particle-rotor model, which is based on a deformed Woods-Saxon potential and
includes a deformed spin-orbit interaction. The wave function of the
ground state of the deformed proton emitter Ho is obtained
in the adiabatic limit, and a Green's function technique is used to calculate
the decay rate and branching ratio to the first excited 2 state of the
daughter nucleus. Only for values of the triaxial angle
is good agreement obtained for both the total decay rate and the 2
branching ratio.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure
Microscopic multicluster description of neutron-halo nuclei with a stochastic variational method
To test a multicluster approach for halo nuclei, we give a unified
description for the ground states of He and He in a model comprising an
cluster and single-neutron clusters. The intercluster wave function is
taken a superposition of terms belonging to different arrangements, each
defined by a set of Jacobi coordinates. Each term is then a superposition of
products of gaussian functions of the individual Jacobi coordinates with
different widths, projected to angular momenta or 1. To avoid excessively
large dimensions and ``overcompleteness", stochastic methods were tested for
selecting the gaussians spanning the basis. For He, we were able to
calculate ground-state energies that are virtully exact within the subspace
defined by the arrangements and values, and we found that preselected
random sets of bases (with or without simulated annealing) yield excellent
numerical convergence to this ``exact" value with thoroughly truncated bases.
For He good energy convergence was achieved in a state space comprising
three arrangements with all , and there are indications showing that the
contributions of other subspaces are likely to be small. The He and He
energies are reproduced by the same effective force very well, and the matter
radii obtained are similar to those of other sophisticated calculations.Comment: Latex , 8 figures available on request, ATOMKI-4-1993-
Comment on ``Structure of exotic nuclei and superheavy elements in a relativistic shell model''
A recent paper [M. Rashdan, Phys. Rev. C 63, 044303 (2001)] introduces the
new parameterization NL-RA1 of the relativistic mean-field model which is
claimed to give a better description of nuclear properties than earlier ones.
Using this model ^{298}114 is predicted to be a doubly-magic nucleus. As will
be shown in this comment these findings are to be doubted as they are obtained
with an unrealistic parameterization of the pairing interaction and neglecting
ground-state deformation.Comment: 2 pages REVTEX, 3 figures, submitted to comment section of Phys. Rev.
C. shortened and revised versio
Localization of shadow poles by complex scaling
Through numerical examples we show that the complex scaling method is suited
to explore the pole structure in multichannel scattering problems. All poles
lying on the multisheeted Riemann energy surface, including shadow poles, can
be revealed and the Riemann sheets on which they reside can be identified.Comment: 6 pages, Latex with Revtex, 3 figures (not included) available on
reques
Structure of positive energy states in a deformed mean-field potential
We investigate the properties of single-particle resonances in a
non-spherical potential by solving the coupled-channels equations for the
radial wave functions. We first generalize the box discretization method for
positive energy states to a deformed system. As in the spherical case, we find
that the discretized energy is stabilized against the box size when a resonance
condition is met. Using the wave functions thus obtained, we then discuss the
energy and the radial dependences of scattering wave functions in the vicinity
of an isolated resonance. In the eigenchannel basis, where the -matrix is
diagonal, we propose a generalized expression for the factorization formula for
the multi-channel wave function. We find that the factorized wave function
agrees well with the exact solution inside the centrifugal barrier when the
energy distance from the resonance is less than the resonance width.Comment: 22 pages, 5 eps figures; a figure adde
Theoretical description of deformed proton emitters: nonadiabatic coupled-channel method
The newly developed nonadiabatic method based on the coupled-channel
Schroedinger equation with Gamow states is used to study the phenomenon of
proton radioactivity. The new method, adopting the weak coupling regime of the
particle-plus-rotor model, allows for the inclusion of excitations in the
daughter nucleus. This can lead to rather different predictions for lifetimes
and branching ratios as compared to the standard adiabatic approximation
corresponding to the strong coupling scheme. Calculations are performed for
several experimentally seen, non-spherical nuclei beyond the proton dripline.
By comparing theory and experiment, we are able to characterize the angular
momentum content of the observed narrow resonance.Comment: 12 pages including 10 figure
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