Benchmarking pour le dépistage organisé du cancer du sein : un outil d’évaluation des pratiques

International audienc

Sperm morphology assessment using David's classification: time to switch to strict criteria? Prospective comparative analysis in a selected IVF population

 P>The aim of this study was to compare assessment of sperm morphology by using David's classification (DC), a method of manual analysis most common in France, with a computer-assisted method (Integrated Visual Optical System) based on the strict criteria (CASA SC) for their ability to predict fertilization in a selected in vitro fertilization (IVF) population. A total of 120 couples engaged in IVF protocols were prospectively included in the study. To focus mainly on sperm morphology, couples were excluded in cases of abnormalities of sperm concentration and/or motility and immunological factors and when a low number of oocytes were collected. Sperm morphology analysis was performed on the day of oocyte retrieval by the same trained biologist. Our results showed a moderate correlation between the two techniques (r = 0.49). The DC sperm morphology analysis was less indicative of fertilization than CASA SC (r = 0.07, p = 0.47 vs. r = 0.22, p = 0.014). Using receiver-operating characteristics analysis, we showed that DC was not discriminating in the prediction of fertilization (AUC = 0.572). DC seemed less appropriate for the prediction of fertilization success or failure. In contrast, with CASA SC, the previously determined cut-off value of around 14% was confirmed (AUC = 0.735, cut-off = 16%). Our results argue in favour of the replacement of DC by SC to tend towards worldwide standardization

Poor assessment of BMD after a forearm fracture in women aged 50 years or older data from a French heath insurance database (SNIIRAM)

International audienc

Heterogeneity of subspecies <em>Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis</em> from genotype to phenotype

International audienceBackground - In the subspecies M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis (Map) two groups, known as Cattle (C) and Sheep (S), have been defined by genotyping. Recent studies show that Map C and S have different phenotypes with respect to infection of macrophages and iron metabolism. Map is adapted to the gastrointestinal tract of ruminant, but the mechanism of entry is currently unknown. In this study, we investigated the phenotype of the Map-host interaction, involving the virulence factor heparin-binding hemagglutinin (HBHA), for both groups of Map. HBHA is described in M. tuberculosis as a major adhesin required for extra pulmonary dissemination of the tubercle bacillus. Method - A large collection of Map isolates (types C & S) were genotyped by MIRU-VNTR and RFLP-IS900. The polymorphism of the hbha gene was investigated by fragment analysis using GcneN:apper technology. Structure-functions properties of recombinant HBHA (types C & S) were analyzed by Heparin Sepharose chromatography and SPR analysis based on Biacore technology. Results - In silico analyses of both types of Map have revealed two forms of hbha. This observation, showing that hbha is distinct according to the group, was confirmed using GeneMapper on 83 Map strains (65 Map C & 18 Map S) with various genotypes. We found that Map type C produces HBHA with a short C-terminal domain, while that of typeS presents a long (-terminal domain, similar to that of HBHA produced by M. tuberculosis. The purification of HBHA from Map type C and S by Heparin-sepharose chromatography highlighted a correlation between their affinities to heparin and the length of their C-terminal domain confirmed by Biacore analysis. Conclusion - We show for the first time that the types C and S of Map may be distinguished by the type of HBHA they produce, which differs in size and adherence properties. Thus, HBHA participates in the genotypic and phenotypic differences observed between the C and S types of Map