1,294 research outputs found
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Analysis of Droplet Train/Moving Substrate Interactions in Ink-Jetting Processes
Ink-jetting technology has been applied to several processes in solid free-form
fabrication (SFF) wherein droplets impinge onto a substrate to deposit the build material.
Droplet impact behaviour on a surface has been the interest of many researchers; however,
few studies have been undertaken to investigate the interaction of droplets with the moving
substrate. This paper reports the impact behaviour of the droplets jetted at different
frequencies onto a substrate moving over a range of velocities. The phenomena associated
with the interaction were classified into three main regimes.Mechanical Engineerin
Gap modification of atomically thin boron nitride by phonon mediated interactions
A theory is presented for the modification of bandgaps in atomically thin
boron nitride (BN) by attractive interactions mediated through phonons in a
polarizable substrate, or in the BN plane. Gap equations are solved, and gap
enhancements are found to range up to 70% for dimensionless electron-phonon
coupling \lambda=1, indicating that a proportion of the measured BN bandgap may
have a phonon origin
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New polymerization-mixture formulation for jetting: An approach to production of polyamide 6 parts
Poor mechanical properties of manufactured parts is one of the main problems in most
of the RP and RM processes. This work deals with a study on formulation of new
polymerization mixtures with the aim of being used in jetting process. Two different
catalyst components were compared in order to shorten the solidification time and
improve the final properties of the manufactured part. The feasibility of jetting
polymerization mixtures at jetting head temperature was also investigated. Different
characterization and visualization methods (i.e. such as DSC, viscometry, TGA, and
hot stage optical microscopy) were used to monitor the polymerization progress and
manufactured part properties.Mechanical Engineerin
Optimal interlayer hopping and high temperature BoseāEinstein condensation of local pairs in quasi 2D superconductors
Both FeSe and cuprate superconductors are quasi 2D materials with high transition temperatures and local fermion pairs. Motivated by such systems, we investigate real space pairing of fermions in an anisotropic lattice model with intersite attraction, V, and strong local Coulomb repulsion, U, leading to a determination of the optimal conditions for superconductivity from BoseāEinstein condensation. Our aim is to gain insight as to why high temperature superconductors tend to be quasi 2D. We make both analytically and numerically exact solutions for two body local pairing applicable to intermediate and strong V. We find that the BoseāEinstein condensation temperature of such local pairs pairs is maximal when hopping between layers is intermediate relative to in-plane hopping, indicating that the quasi 2D nature of unconventional superconductors has an important contribution to their high transition temperatures
A novel FLEX supplemented QMC approach to the Hubbard model
This paper introduces a novel ansatz-based technique for solution of the
Hubbard model over two length scales. Short range correlations are treated
exactly using a dynamical cluster approximation QMC simulation, while
longer-length-scale physics requiring larger cluster sizes is incorporated
through the introduction of the fluctuation exchange (FLEX) approximation. The
properties of the resulting hybrid scheme are examined, and the description of
local moment formation is compared to exact results in 1D. The effects of
electron-electron coupling and electron doping on the shape of the
Fermi-surface are demonstrated in 2D. Causality is examined in both 1D and 2D.
We find that the scheme is successful if QMC clusters of are used
(with sufficiently high temperatures in 1D), however very small QMC clusters of
lead to acausal results
Towards analytical approaches to the dynamical-cluster approximation
I introduce several simplified schemes for the approximation of the
self-consistency condition of the dynamical cluster approximation. The
applicability of the schemes is tested numerically using the
fluctuation-exchange approximation as a cluster solver for the Hubbard model.
Thermodynamic properties are found to be practically indistinguishable from
those computed using the full self-consistent scheme in all cases where the
non-interacting partial density of states is replaced by simplified analytic
forms with matching 1st and 2nd moments. Green functions are also compared and
found to be in close agreement, and the density of states computed using
Pad\'{e} approximant analytic continuation shows that dynamical properties can
also be approximated effectively. Extensions to two-particle properties and
multiple bands are discussed. Simplified approaches to the dynamical cluster
approximation should lead to new analytic solutions of the Hubbard and other
models
Predictors of preeclampsia in women in the metformin in gestational diabetes (MiG) study
Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), maternal obesity and pregnancy weight gain are associated with an increased risk of developing Preeclampsia (PE). The aim of this study was to examine the predictors of PE in women commencing pharmacotherapy for GDM in the Metformin in Gestational diabetes trial.Methods: Descriptive and logistic regression analyses examined the relationship between maternal enrolment characteristics and later development of PE.Results: 46 (6.3%) of 703 women developed PE. At enrolment ((30 (SD3.2) weeks gestation), women who later developed PE had higher HbA1c (6.14% (95% CI 5.84, 6.45) vs. 5.73% (95% CI 5.67, 5.78), P = 0.003), fasting triglycerides (2.93 mmol/L (95% CI 2.57, 3.29) vs. 2.55mmol/L (95% CI 2.47, 2.62), P = 0.03) and blood pressure. Their infants were born 9 days earlier (P < 0.001) but were otherwise not different. In univariate analysis, the strongest positive predictors for PE were Polynesian ethnicity (OR 2.75 (95% CI 1.48, 5.09), P= 0.001), personal or family history of PE (OR 2.65 (95% CI 1.36, 5.16), P=0.004), maternal HbA1c (OR 1.96 (95% CI 1.35, 2.89), P< 0.001), triglycerides (OR 1.45 (95% CI 1.07,1.97), P=0.002), and weight gain from early pregnancy (OR 1.09 (95% CI 1.03,1.17), P=0.01). HDL-C was a negative predictor of PE (OR 0.29 (95% CI 0.09, 0.94), P= 0.04).Following adjustment for Polynesian ethnicity and personal or family history of PE, and when further adjusted for HbA1c or early pregnancy BMI, these variables remained significant.Conclusion: Treatment allocation and BMI were not associated with risk of PE. Personal or family history of PE, Polynesian ethnicity, degree of hyperglycemia, maternal triglycerides and weight gain prior to treatment signal increased risk of subsequent PE in women needing pharmacotherapy for GDM
Homogeneous Fermion Superfluid with Unequal Spin Populations
For decades, the conventional view is that an s-wave BCS superfluid can not
support uniform spin polarization due to a gap in the quasiparticle
excitation spectrum. We show that this is an artifact of the dismissal of
quasiparticle interactions in the conventional approach at the
outset. Such interactions can cause triplet fluctuations in the ground state
and hence non-zero spin polarization at "magnetic field" . The
resulting ground state is a pairing state of quasiparticles on the ``BCS
vacuum". For sufficiently large , the spin polarization of at unitarity
has the simple form . Our study is motivated by the recent
experiments at Rice which found evidence of a homogenous superfluid state with
uniform spin polarization.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Electrically pumped single-defect light emitters in WSe
Recent developments in fabrication of van der Waals heterostructures enable
new type of devices assembled by stacking atomically thin layers of
two-dimensional materials. Using this approach, we fabricate light-emitting
devices based on a monolayer WSe, and also comprising boron nitride
tunnelling barriers and graphene electrodes, and observe sharp luminescence
spectra from individual defects in WSe under both optical and electrical
excitation. This paves the way towards the realization of electrically-pumped
quantum emitters in atomically thin semiconductors. In addition we demonstrate
tuning by more than 1 meV of the emission energy of the defect luminescence by
applying a vertical electric field. This provides an estimate of the permanent
electric dipole created by the corresponding electron-hole pair. The
light-emitting devices investigated in our work can be assembled on a variety
of substrates enabling a route to integration of electrically pumped single
quantum emitters with existing technologies in nano-photonics and
optoelectronics
Recruitment strategies in randomised controlled trials of men aged 50 years and older: a systematic review
Objectives: To identify and review evaluations of strategies to recruit men aged 50 years and over to randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Design: Systematic review and narrative synthesis. Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and ORRCA databases were searched to 1 December 2017. Eligibility Criteria: Studies using quantitative methods to evaluate recruitment strategies to RCTs of men aged 50 years and older. Data Extraction and Synthesis: A single reviewer extracted data (for each strategy, number of participants approached, screened and randomised, and cost). Study quality was assessed using National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Quality Assessment Tools and considered study design, description of interventions, description and measurement of outcomes, completeness of outcome reporting, performance of statistical testing and consideration of confounders. Recruitment strategies were categorised by the recruitment stage they addressed. Results: Sixteen studies (n >14ā000) were included: one good quality, ten fair quality and five poor quality. Studies evaluated strategies to identify prospective participants, and to improve the processes for assessing participant eligibility, providing participant information and seeking consent. In good and fair quality studies, the most effective strategies for identifying participants were referral from an affiliated health service provider (two studies), mass mailing (five studies) and media coverage (two studies). Community outreach activities such as displaying posters and attending local community events were not effective (two studies). Trial-specific training of site recruitment staff, developed using qualitative analysis of recruitment visits (two studies), and provision of study information to prospective participants at a multidisciplinary, group information session (one study) both improved recruitment. Conclusion: Improved engagement of men aged 50 years and older in RCTs is needed. A gender-sensitised approach to RCT recruitment may help to address this need. We have identified several promising recruitment strategies that merit further evaluation.Karen Bracken, Lisa Askie, Anthony C Keech, Wendy Hague, Gary Witter
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