Revisiting the bulge-halo conspiracy I: Dependence on galaxy properties and halo mass

We carry out a systematic investigation of the total mass density profile of massive (Mstar>2e11 Msun) early-type galaxies and its dependence on galactic properties and host halo mass with the aid of a variety of lensing/dynamical data and large mock galaxy catalogs. The latter are produced via semi-empirical models that, by design, are based on just a few basic input assumptions. Galaxies, with measured stellar masses, effective radii and S\'{e}rsic indices, are assigned, via abundance matching relations, host dark matter halos characterized by a typical LCDM profile. Our main results are as follows: (i) In line with observational evidence, our semi-empirical models naturally predict that the total, mass-weighted density slope at the effective radius gamma' is not universal, steepening for more compact and/or massive galaxies, but flattening with increasing host halo mass. (ii) Models characterized by a Salpeter or variable initial mass function and uncontracted dark matter profiles are in good agreement with the data, while a Chabrier initial mass function and/or adiabatic contractions/expansions of the dark matter halos are highly disfavored. (iii) Currently available data on the mass density profiles of very massive galaxies (Mstar>1e12 Msun), with Mhalo>3e14 Msun, favor instead models with a stellar profile flatter than a S\'{e}rsic one in the very inner regions (r<3-5 kpc), and a cored NFW or Einasto dark matter profile with median halo concentration a factor of ~2 or <1.3, respectively, higher than those typically predicted by N-body numerical simulations.Comment: 23 pages, 10 figures, 3 Appendices (with an extra 7 figures). ApJ, accepted. Main results in Figures 3, 5, 6,

The Halo Mass of Optically Luminous Quasars at z ,F≈ ,F1-2 Measured via Gravitational Deflection of the Cosmic Microwave Background

© 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.We measure the average deflection of cosmic microwave background photons by quasars at 〈Z〉= 1.7. Our sample is selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to cover the redshift range 0.9 ≤z≤2.2 with absolute i-band magnitudes of M i ≤-24 (K-corrected to z = 2). A stack of nearly 200,000 targets reveals an 8δ detection of Planck's estimate of the lensing convergence toward the quasars. We fit the signal with a model comprising a Navarro-Frenk-White density profile and a two-halo term accounting for correlated large-scale structure, which dominates the observed signal. The best-fitting model is described by an average halo mass log 10 (M h h -1 M)12.6 ±0.2 = and linear bias b=2.7±0.3 at 〈Z 〉= 1.7, in excellent agreement with clustering studies. We also report a hint, at a 90% confidence level, of a correlation between the convergence amplitude and luminosity, indicating that quasars brighter than Mi≲ -26 reside in halos of typical mass M h ≈ 10 13 h -1 M, scaling roughly as M h ∞ L opt 3/4 at M i ≲-24 mag, in good agreement with physically motivated quasar demography models. Although we acknowledge that this luminosity dependence is a marginal result, the observed Mh-L opt relationship could be interpreted as a reflection of the cutoff in the distribution of black hole accretion rates toward high Eddington ratios: the weak trend of Mh with Lopt observed at low luminosity becomes stronger for the most powerful quasars, which tend to be accreting close to the Eddington limit.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Optimal trapping wavelengths of Cs2_2 molecules in an optical lattice

The present paper aims at finding optimal parameters for trapping of Cs$_2$ molecules in optical lattices, with the perspective of creating a quantum degenerate gas of ground-state molecules. We have calculated dynamic polarizabilities of Cs$_2$ molecules subject to an oscillating electric field, using accurate potential curves and electronic transition dipole moments. We show that for some particular wavelengths of the optical lattice, called "magic wavelengths", the polarizability of the ground-state molecules is equal to the one of a Feshbach molecule. As the creation of the sample of ground-state molecules relies on an adiabatic population transfer from weakly-bound molecules created on a Feshbach resonance, such a coincidence ensures that both the initial and final states are favorably trapped by the lattice light, allowing optimized transfer in agreement with the experimental observation

Macro-financial linkages and bank behaviour: evidence from the second-round effects of the global financial crisis on East Asia

This paper studies the link between macro-financial variability and bank behaviour, which justifies the second-round effects of the global financial crisis on East Asia. Following Gallego et al. (The impact of the global economic and financial crisis on Central Eastern and South Eastern Europe (CESEE) and Latin America, 2010), the second round effects are defined as the adverse feedback loop from the slumps in economic activities and sharp financial market deterioration, which may influence the financial performance of bank, inter alia via deteriorating credit quality, declining profitability and increasing problems in retaining necessary capitalization. Differentiating itself from other research, this study stresses adjustments in four dimensions of bank performance and behaviour: asset quality, profitability, capital adequacy, and lending behaviour, assuming that any change in a bank-specific characteristic is induced by endogenous adjustments of the others. The empirical results based on partial adjustment models and two-step system GMM estimation show that bank’s adjustment behaviour is subject to the variation in the macro-financial environment and the stress condition in the global financial market. There is no convincing evidence to support the effectiveness of policy rate cut to boots bank lending and to avoid a financial accelerator effect

Dynamical Boson Stars

The idea of stable, localized bundles of energy has strong appeal as a model for particles. In the 1950s John Wheeler envisioned such bundles as smooth configurations of electromagnetic energy that he called {\em geons}, but none were found. Instead, particle-like solutions were found in the late 1960s with the addition of a scalar field, and these were given the name {\em boson stars}. Since then, boson stars find use in a wide variety of models as sources of dark matter, as black hole mimickers, in simple models of binary systems, and as a tool in finding black holes in higher dimensions with only a single killing vector. We discuss important varieties of boson stars, their dynamic properties, and some of their uses, concentrating on recent efforts.Comment: 79 pages, 25 figures, invited review for Living Reviews in Relativity; major revision in 201

Synthesis, Characterization and Molecular Structures of some Bismuth(III) Complexes with Thiosemicarbazones and Dithiocarbazonic Acid Methylester Derivatives with Activity against Helicobacter Pylori

The reactions of bismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate and bismuth(III) chloride with heterocyclic thiosemicarbazones and derivatives of dithiocarbazonic acid methylester were used to synthesize the respective bismuth(III) complexes, which could be divided into five groups D-H because of their stoichiometrical properties and their molecular structures. The molecular structure and the near coordination sphere of the bismuth(III) central atom of four representative compounds were determined by single-crystal X-ray studies. Bis[1-azepanyl-4-(2-pyridyl)-2,3-diazapenta-1,3-diene-1-thiolato-N′,N3,S]bismuth(III) nitrate (5) belongs to group D. The two tridentate ligands and the nitrate ion surround the bismuth atom. The best description of the coordination sphere appears to be that of a distorted trigonal dodecahedron with one position occupied by the lone pair of the bismuth atom. Bis[1-azepanyl-4-(2-thienyl)-2,3-diazapenta-1,3-diene-1-thiolato-N3,S]bismuth(III) nitrate (9) is assigned to complex type E. Here, two deprotonated ligand molecules are coordinated to the bismuth(III) central atom as bidentate ligands. The structure of this complex can best be described as a distorted trigonal antiprism with a five-coordinated central atom. The two triangular faces are formed by the atoms S(4), N(6), O(11) and S(3), N(4) and the lone pair of the central atom. The two chelate rings are almost perpendicular to each other. Complex molecules of group F form dimeric units with bichloro-bridged bismuth atoms. The structure of di-μ-chlorobis[1-azepanyl-4-(2-pyridyl)-2,3-diazapenta-1,3-diene-1-thiolato-N′,N3,S-chloro]dibismuth(III) (15) can be described as two six-coordinated bismuth atoms, which are bound together via two bridging chlorine atoms. The two bismuth atoms Bi(1) and Bi(1a) and the two bridging chlorine atoms Cl(2) and Cl(2a) form the Bi2Cl2 plane. The two tridentate ligand molecules coordinate via the same atoms as shown in complex 5. In addition, they form two parallel planes, which are perpendicular to the Bi2Cl2 plane. With regard to the center of the Bi(1)-Bi(2) axis they are central point symmetrical, i.e. one pyridine ring lies above and the other beneath the Bi2Cl2 plane. Bismuth(III) chloride and pyridine-2-carboxaldehydethiosemicarbazone 1 b or 2-acetylpyridine-thiosemicarbazone 1 c form complexes of group G. Three chlorine atoms and a bidentate ligand are coordinated to the bismuth(III) central atom. The bidentate ligand bound to the central atom through the N(3) atom and the sulfur atom of the thioketo group. The structure of 18 is completely different from the structures of the bismuth(III) complexes discussed so far and was therefore assigned to group H. The bismuth central atom is coordinated with two ligands, which are bound in different ways. One of them is deprotonated. This ligand is bound to the central atom via the sulfur atom S(3) of the thiolate group and the N(5) atom. An interaction between the sulfur atom of the thiophene ring and the bismuth atom is not possible.The other ligand molecule is not deprotonated. This ligand is bound to the bismuth(III) cation merely via the sulfur atom S(1) of the thioketo group. The best description of the coordination sphere of the bismuth atom is that of a distorted square bipyramidal polyhedron. The square face is formed by the atoms S(3), N(5), Cl(1), the lone pair and the bismuth atom within. The axial positions are occupied by the atoms S(1) and Cl(2). The bond angle between S(1), Bi(1) and Cl(2) differs by about eight degrees from the value determined for a regular square bipyramidal polyhedron of 180 degrees

Investigating Gender Disparities in Internal Medicine Residency Awards

Background: Significant gender disparities persist in career advancement for physicians. Studies have highlighted the lack of female representation in awards from both academic institutions and professional societies; these awards play a role in promotions, making them a fundamental building block of success. Objectives: We aim to explore the gender breakdown among resident awards presented by several Internal Medicine residency programs across the United States in this pilot study. Our ultimate goals are to define disparities in award selection, determine what variables contribute to these disparities, and work to mitigate these variables. Methods/Research: We generated a survey in REDCap to collect retrospective data about resident award selection from academic Internal Medicine residency programs across the country. This survey gathered awards data from 2009-2019 and included variables such as gender breakdown of the program, gender of resident award recipients, and details about how awards are selected. Eight programs completed the survey; these programs were from six different states in various geographic regions. Overall 43.1 percent of residents were female. Across all residency programs and years, there were 51 distinct resident awards with 290 (39.7%) female winners. Of the 51 distinct awards, there were 10 which were awarded to female residents with the same or higher frequency as males; 6 of these mentioned words that have been differentially associated with women in medicine such as “ambulatory,” “community,” “compassion,” and “humanism.” In the 41 awards favoring males, there was only a single mention of the word “compassion,” and no mention of the others. Conclusions/Impact: This data shows a concerning disparity in gender of award winners. In the future we will collect data from more residency programs and perform a thorough investigation of selection mechanisms that may help mitigate bias in order to ultimately propose strategies to reduce these gender disparities.https://jdc.jefferson.edu/sexandgenderhealth/1007/thumbnail.jp

IM with Her: Fostering Career Advancement of Female Internal Medicine Residents

Background: Despite the rising number of matriculating female medical students, a gender gap favoring men exists in multiple arenas within academic medicine. Prior studies suggest that gender-specifc professional networking groups increase the likelihood of women attaining leadership positions. Objectives: Our goal was to create a multidisciplinary group with a flat hierarchy within the Internal Medicine Department in order to foster mentorship, sponsorship, allyship, and scholarship to ultimately improve professional advancement opportunities for female internal medicine residents. Methods/Research: A group named “IM with Her” was created at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in July 2018. IM with Her is composed of internal medicine residents and faculty of all genders. The group has hosted monthly onehour conferences called “Monday Mentors” that pair a resident with a faculty member to host a discussion surrounding a topic of their choosing related to adversity and disparity faced by female physicians. Additionally, the group has held periodic evening sessions discussing topics such as salary and contract negotiation. Conclusions/Impact: The IM with Her group has made significant progress toward its goals. The pairing of a resident and faculty member for Monday Mentors discussions allows for one-on-one mentorship regarding both personal and professional topics. These sessions also provide dedicated time for networking amongst residents and faculty, facilitating sponsorship and allyship. Additionally, the sessions often lead to further initiatives spearheaded by IM with Her members including scholarly projects and examinations of institutional policies (for example those surrounding sexual harassment and lactation room accessibility). In the future, IM with Her will focus on continuing to foster mentorship, sponsorship, and allyship, on advancing research related to gender disparities in medicine, and on developing institutional changes.https://jdc.jefferson.edu/sexandgenderhealth/1008/thumbnail.jp

Mass calibration of optically selected DES clusters using a measurement of CMB-cluster lensing with SPTpol data

We use cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature maps from the 500 deg2 SPTpol survey to measure the stacked lensing convergence of galaxy clusters from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year-3 redMaPPer (RM) cluster catalog. The lensing signal is extracted through a modified quadratic estimator designed to be unbiased by the thermal Sunyaev-Zel{'}dovich (tSZ) effect. The modified estimator uses a tSZ-free map, constructed from the SPTpol 95 and 150 GHz datasets, to estimate the background CMB gradient. For lensing reconstruction, we employ two versions of the RM catalog: a flux-limited sample containing 4003 clusters and a volume-limited sample with 1741 clusters. We detect lensing at a significance of 8.7 σ (6.7σ) with the flux(volume)-limited sample. By modeling the reconstructed convergence using the Navarro-Frenk-White profile, we find the average lensing masses to be M200m = (1.62 +0.32 −0.25 [stat.] ± 0.04 [sys.]) and (1.28 +0.14 −0.18 [stat.] ±0.03 [sys.])×1014 M⊙for the volume- and flux-limited samples respectively. The systematic error budget is much smaller than the statistical uncertainty and is dominated by the uncertainties in the RM cluster centroids. We use the volume-limited sample to calibrate the normalization of the mass-richness scaling relation, and find a result consistent with the galaxy weak-lensing measurements from DES (Mcclintock et al. 2018)

A metric space for Type Ia supernova spectra

We develop a new framework for use in exploring Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) spectra. Combining principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square (PLS) analysis we are able to establish correlations between the principal components (PCs) and spectroscopic/photometric SNe Ia features. The technique was applied to ∼120 SN and ∼800 spectra from the Nearby Supernova Factory. The ability of PCA to group together SNe Ia with similar spectral features, already explored in previous studies, is greatly enhanced by two important modifications: (1) the initial data matrix is built using derivatives of spectra over the wavelength, which increases the weight of weak lines and discards extinction, and (2) we extract time evolution information through the use of entire spectral sequences concatenated in each line of the input data matrix. These allow us to define a stable PC parameter space which can be used to characterize synthetic SN Ia spectra by means of real SN features. Using PLS, we demonstrate that the information from important previously known spectral indicators (namely the pseudo-equivalent width of Si II 5972 Å/Si II 6355 Å and the line velocity of S II 5640 Å/Si II 6355 Å) at a given epoch is contained within the PC space and can be determined through a linear combination of the most important PCs. We also show that the PC space encompasses photometric features like B/V magnitudes, B − V colours and SALT2 parameters c and x1. The observed colours and magnitudes, which are heavily affected by extinction, cannot be reconstructed using this technique alone. All the above-mentioned applications allowed us to construct a metric space for comparing synthetic SN Ia spectra with observations