3,747 research outputs found
Spacetime Defects: von K\'arm\'an vortex street like configurations
A special arrangement of spinning strings with dislocations similar to a von
K\'arm\'an vortex street is studied. We numerically solve the geodesic
equations for the special case of a test particle moving along twoinfinite rows
of pure dislocations and also discuss the case of pure spinning defects.Comment: 9 pages, 2figures, CQG in pres
A covariant approach to general field space metric in multi-field inflation
We present a covariant formalism for general multi-field system which enables
us to obtain higher order action of cosmological perturbations easily and
systematically. The effects of the field space geometry, described by the
Riemann curvature tensor of the field space, are naturally incorporated. We
explicitly calculate up to the cubic order action which is necessary to
estimate non-Gaussianity and present those geometric terms which have not yet
known before.Comment: (v1) 18 pages, 1 figure; (v2) references added, typos corrected, to
appear in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics; (v3) typos in (54),
(62) and (64) correcte
Diffeomorphism on Horizon as an Asymptotic Isometry of Schwarzschild Black Hole
It is argued that the diffeomorphism on the horizontal sphere can be regarded
as a nontrivial asymptotic isometry of the Schwarzschild black hole. We propose
a new boundary condition of asymptotic metrics near the horizon and show that
the condition admits the local time-shift and diffeomorphism on the horizon as
the asymptotic symmetry.Comment: 18 pages, no figures, corrected some typo
Octet baryon electromagnetic form factors in nuclear medium
We study the octet baryon electromagnetic form factors in nuclear matter
using the covariant spectator quark model extended to the nuclear matter
regime. The parameters of the model in vacuum are fixed by the study of the
octet baryon electromagnetic form factors. In nuclear matter the changes in
hadron properties are calculated by including the relevant hadron masses and
the modification of the pion-baryon coupling constants calculated in the
quark-meson coupling model. In nuclear matter the magnetic form factors of the
octet baryons are enhanced in the low region, while the electric form
factors show a more rapid variation with . The results are compared with
the modification of the bound proton electromagnetic form factors observed at
Jefferson Lab. In addition, the corresponding changes for the bound neutron are
predicted.Comment: Version accepted for publication in J.Phys. G. Few changes. 40 pages,
14 figures and 8 table
M5-brane geometries, T-duality and fluxes
We describe a duality relation between configurations of M5-branes in
M-theory and type IIB theory on Taub-NUT geometries with NSNS and RR 3-form
field strength fluxes. The flux parameters are controlled by the angles between
the M5-brane and the (T)duality directions. For one M5-brane, the duality leads
to a family of supersymmetric flux configurations which interpolates between
imaginary self-dual fluxes and fluxes similar to the Polchinski-Strassler kind.
For multiple M5-branes, the IIB configurations are related to fluxes for
twisted sector fields in orbifolds. The dual M5-brane picture also provides a
geometric interpretation for several properties of flux configurations (like
the supersymmetry conditions, their contribution to tadpoles, etc), and for
many non-trivial effects in the IIB side. Among the latter, the dielectric
effect for probe D3-branes is dual to the recombination of probe M5-branes with
background ones; also, a picture of a decay channel for non-supersymmetric
fluxes is suggested.Comment: 30 pages, 3 figure
Influence of polymer-pore interactions on translocation
We investigate the influence of polymer-pore interactions on the
translocation dynamics using Langevin dynamics simulations. An attractive
interaction can greatly improve translocation probability. At the same time, it
also increases translocation time slowly for weak attraction while exponential
dependence is observed for strong attraction. For fixed driving force and chain
length the histogram of translocation time has a transition from Gaussian
distribution to long-tailed distribution with increasing attraction. Under a
weak driving force and a strong attractive force, both the translocation time
and the residence time in the pore show a non-monotonic behavior as a function
of the chain length. Our simulations results are in good agreement with recent
experimental data.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, Submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Vortices Clustering: The Origin of the Second Peak in the Magnetisation Loops of High Temperature Superconductors
We study vortex clustering in type II Superconductors. We demonstrate that
the ``second peak'' observed in magnetisation loops may be a dynamical effect
associated with a density driven instability of the vortex system. At the
microscopic level the instability shows up as the clustering of individual
vortices at (rare) preferential regions of the pinning potential. In the limit
of quasi-static ramping the instability is related to a phase transition in the
equilibrium vortex system.Comment: 11 pages + 3 figure
Saari's homographic conjecture for planar equal-mass three-body problem in Newton gravity
Saari's homographic conjecture in N-body problem under the Newton gravity is
the following; configurational measure \mu=\sqrt{I}U, which is the product of
square root of the moment of inertia I=(\sum m_k)^{-1}\sum m_i m_j r_{ij}^2 and
the potential function U=\sum m_i m_j/r_{ij}, is constant if and only if the
motion is homographic. Where m_k represents mass of body k and r_{ij}
represents distance between bodies i and j. We prove this conjecture for planar
equal-mass three-body problem.
In this work, we use three sets of shape variables. In the first step, we use
\zeta=3q_3/(2(q_2-q_1)) where q_k \in \mathbb{C} represents position of body k.
Using r_1=r_{23}/r_{12} and r_2=r_{31}/r_{12} in intermediate step, we finally
use \mu itself and \rho=I^{3/2}/(r_{12}r_{23}r_{31}). The shape variables \mu
and \rho make our proof simple
Gravitating defects of codimension-two
Thin gravitating defects with conical singularities in higher codimensions
and with generalized Israel matching conditions are known to be inconsistent
for generic energy-momentum. A way to remove this inconsistency is proposed and
is realized for an axially symmetric gravitating codimension-two defect in six
dimensional Einstein gravity. By varying with respect to the brane embedding
fields, alternative matching conditions are derived, which are generalizations
of the Nambu-Goto equations of motion of the defect, consistent with bulk
gravity. For a maximally symmetric defect the standard picture is recovered.
The four-dimensional perfect fluid cosmology coincides with conventional FRW in
the case of radiation, but for dust it has rho^{4/3} instead of rho. A
four-dimensional black hole solution is presented having the Schwarzschild form
with a short-distance correction r^{-2}.Comment: Minor changes, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravit
Open String Wavefunctions in Warped Compactifications
We analyze the wavefunctions for open strings in warped compactifications,
and compute the warped Kahler potential for the light modes of a probe D-brane.
This analysis not only applies to the dynamics of D-branes in warped
backgrounds, but also allows to deduce warping corrections to the closed string
Kahler metrics via their couplings to open strings. We consider in particular
the spectrum of D7-branes in warped Calabi-Yau orientifolds, which provide a
string theory realizations of the Randall-Sundrum scenario. We find that
certain background fluxes, necessary in the presence of warping, couple to the
fermionic wavefunctions and qualitatively change their behavior. This modified
dependence of the wavefunctions are needed for consistency with supersymmetry,
though it is present in non-supersymmetric vacua as well. We discuss the
deviations of our setup from the RS scenario and, as an application of our
results, compute the warping corrections to Yukawa couplings in a simple model.
Our analysis is performed both with and without the presence of D-brane
world-volume flux, as well as for the case of backgrounds with varying dilaton.Comment: 52 pages, refs. added, minor correction
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