Determination of rate and analysis of reasons for discarding blood and blood components in a blood bank of tertiary care hospital:a retrospective study

Background: The transfusion of blood and blood components has become an integral part of patient management in modern medicine. There are no substitutes for human blood. Thus, proper utilization of blood is necessary with minimal wasting.Methods: A total of 15,333 donors donated blood during the study period of 3 years in blood bank of a tertiary care hospital, south Maharashtra from 1 st of January, 2013 to 31 st December 2015, which were screened.Results: Of the total 3355 whole blood collection, 615 blood bags were discarded. Out of these 615 bags 544 (88.45%) were discarded because of date expired, 41(6.66%) blood bags were discarded due to seropositivity for TTI and 22 (3.5%) blood bags were due under collection and leakage and other reasons contributed for 1.3%. A total of 4026 blood components were discarded against 29,715 blood components prepared during the study period. Among blood components discarded, most common units were platelets. The most common cause of discarding the blood components was expiry of date due to non-utilization were 3475 (86.31%).Conclusions: Properly implemented blood transfusion policies, training of staff as well as implementation of automation will also help to improve process and output of BTS. This would reduce the discarding of blood components and wastage due to non-conformance. These discarded bags, because they are unutilized are both financially as well as socially harmful to the blood bank

A CONCEPT OF AMA IN AYURVEDIC SYSTEM OF MEDICINE - AN OVERVIEW

Ayurved have its own concepts like Dosh, Dushay, Mala, Agni etc. Aam is one of the concepts which take major role to produce variety of disease. Aam is unripe, undigested food which cause due to Agnimandhy. Aam production cause Agnimandhy & vice versa. We all know that all disease occurs due to Agnimandhy only. If Agni get destroy then human get die. Aam is root cause of all disease. Now days, due to increasing pollution, incapability to obey the rules of sound body maintence and lack of exercise and notorious diet, the immunity being is decreased. Because of this variety of disease produced. Ama production can result in variety of diseases like Amvata (Rheumatoid arthritis), Sandhigata-vata (osteoarthritis), Katigat-vata (low-back pain), Tamaksvasa (Asthma), and Pakvasjayagata. The concept of Ama is the most important fundamental principle of Ayurveda in understanding the physio-pathology of the diseases. Aamvichar have own importance in Nidan & Chikitsa of disease. The choice of kalpa changes according to Sama and Niram avashta. Ayurveda attributes cause of any disease to an imbalance in one or all of the Dosh and for successful treatment of a particular disease Vaidya has to determine, weather the imbalanced Dosh is Saam or Niram. If Vaidya can understand this stage well and give its drug as per Avashta then it will be give miraculous result. In this review article cover all points related to Aam from samhita & available latest literature from internet.&nbsp

Anatomical Perspective of Ancient Ayurveda: A Comparative Review Amongst Ayurveda Samhita’s

Anatomy is one of the oldest modality of medical system and enough facts are available in ancient India regarding the practice and knowledge of anatomical science. It is believed that the ancient Indian scientist explored important and essential knowledge of practical anatomy. The concept of surface anatomy came in practice from the knowledge of cave paintings of animals presented with critical area of animal body. The Rigveda is one of the Vedas along with three others; Yajur, Sama and Atharva encompass knowledge about lungs, heart, stomach and kidneys. The Atharva Veda described about medicinal herbs and plants, Atharva Veda also refers about Dhamanis as ducts equivalent to arteries and Siras as ducts equivalent to veins. Similarly other ayurveda or ancient texts provides great knowledge about the human anatomy and physiology. Present article summarizes ayurveda perspective on traditional Indian knowledge about the human body. Keywords: Ayurveda, Samhita, Anatomy and Physiology

Occurrence of unicorn leather jacket, Alutera monoceros (Linnaeus) in dol net at Bassein Koliwada (Maharashtra)

Alutera monoceros was landed at Bassein Koliwada by dol net on 3/9/2003. The depth of operation was 35 - 40 meter. The specimen ranged between 420 -462 mm in length and weighing 700 - 900 gm

A review article on Kaphaja Shotha vis-à-vis Diabetic Nephropathy and its management

Modern medical science has eliminated the threat of death and disability from most infectious diseases through improved sanitation, vaccination and antibiotics. But death from lifestyle diseases is now a primary concern. Modern life advancement and dietary food habits result into number of pathologies which are hard to treat and sometimes become irreversible. One amongst them is Shotha (oedema). Shotha is a Tridoshajavyadhi. In Kaphajashotha, there is Pradhanata of Kapha Dosha and has peculiar symptoms like Pitting Oedema, oedema is more in the night time, and with Loss of taste etc. Considering the symptoms, we can study Kaphaja Shotha vis-a-vis Diabetic Nephropathy and its management through Ayurveda.  Ayurveda is known as “Science of longevity” because it offers a complete system to live a long healthy life

Minimizing the Overhead caused due to dynamic nodes in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks using Zone routing protocol

Opportunistic data forwarding has become a interesting topic in the multi-hop wireless networking. Opportunistic data forwarding is not used in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) due to the lack of an efficient lightweight proactive strong source routing scheme. Proactive Source Routing uses Breadth First Spanning Trees (BFSTs) and maintains more network topology information to facilitate source routing. Although it has greatly reduced overhead than traditional link state (LS)-based routing protocols and reactive source routing protocols, the computational and memory overhead involved in maintaining BFSTs to reach every node in the denser networks will be high. In this paper Zone-based Proactive Source Routing Protocol is proposed. Zone routing protocol (ZRP) uses partition based routing. The ZRP make use of source routing inside a zone and on-demand routing outside the zone. This approach combines the advantages of both proactive and zone based routing protocols. The simulation shows that the Z-PSR i.e. zone based proactive source routing protocol performs better compared to PSR

Adverse blood transfusion reactions at tertiary care hospital

Background: The goal of hemovigilance is to increase the safety and quality of blood transfusion. It is necessary to recognize and prompt response to adverse transfusion reactions, which will help in taking appropriate steps to reduce their incidence and make blood transfusion process as safe as possible. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and type of transfusion reactions (TRs) occurring in patients, reported to the blood bank at our institute.Methods: A retrospective review of all TRs reported to the blood bank Krishna Hospital, between January 2011 and July 2013 was done. All the TRs were evaluated in the blood bank and classified using standard definitions.Results: During the study period a total 13126 units of blood and components were issued by our blood bank and total of 45 (0.3%) adverse reactions were reported to blood bank. The most common reaction observed was allergic reaction 25(55.6%) followed by FNHTR 15 (33.3%).Conclusions: Not a single case of anaphylactic reactions, TRALI, acute immune hemolytic transfusion reaction, and Sepsis was observed. This can be an underestimation of the true incidence because of under reporting which can be improved by proper hemovigilence system to provide better patient care.

Utilization of head and vertebrae of Otolithoides biauritus - a new economic resource

Otolithoides biauritus, locally called as koth is an important resource in Maharashtra. Exploited by multi-day trawlers, the resource is abundant throughout the year with peak landings during the period of October-December, at New Ferry Wharf landing centre. These trawlers are operated at a depth of 40-60 m, 80-90 km off north-west coast. The total length of the fish in trawl landings usually ranges between 90-150 cm

Unusual landing of “Koth” Otolithoides biauritus by mini trawler at Versova, Mumbai.

A mini trawler landed an unusual catch of 103 numbers of “Koth” in the size range 770-1050mm each weighing between 2.5 to 5.0kg from a depth of 30 meters, at a distance of 25km off Mumbai, around the fishing grounds of Dahanu and Satpati

Unusual landings of ghol, Protonibea dicanthus in dol net at Bassien Kolliwada(Vasai) landing centre.

Bassein Kolliwada is an important landing center in Maharashtra, where traditional dol net fishing is carried out for Bombay duck and silver pomfret which are economically the most important resources in the region. But, landings of Bombay duck and silver pomfrets have declined considerably during past few years. A dol net boat named ‘Dayadhan‘landed huge catch of ghol fish,Protonibea dicanthus at Bassein Kolliwada,from a depth of about 40 meters off Jaffrabad in Saurashtra region of Gujarat.It is perhaps the scarcity of fish that has led them to search for the new grounds for ghol,ribbonfish,koth(O.biauritus),and warm (C.talabanoides) in Gujarat waters