Comparative Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Juniperus Excelsa Ssp. Polycarpos Bark and Wood Extracts

In the present study, extracts from the bark and wood of Juniperus excelsa ssp. polycarpos were obtained with acetone solvent. Chemical composition were analyzed and compared by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the major components identified in the bark acetone extract as trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives were β-d-glucofuranose, 1,2,3,5,6-pentakis-O-(TMS) (19.97%), followed by pimaric acid TMS (18.89%), d-mannopyranose, 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-(TMS) (13.90%), d-fructose, 1,3,4,5,6-pentakis-O-(TMS) (12.37%). The major components identified in the wood acetone extract as trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives were pimaric acid TMS (24.56%), followed by α-d-glucopyranoside, 1,3,4,6-tetrakis-O-(TMS)-β-d-fructofuranosyl 2,3,4,6-tetrakis-O-(TMS) (21.39%), β-d-galactopyranose, 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-(TMS) (12.10%), d-glucose, 2,3,4,5,6-pentakis-O-(TMS) (9.97%), trifluoromethyl-bis-(TMS)methyl ketone (9.32%). One of the more important components identified both in the bark and wood extracts was pimaric acid TMS. Cedrol as the essential oil was found in the acetone wood extract (0.72%)

Robotized Warehouse Systems: Developments and Research Opportunities

Robotized handling systems are increasingly applied in distribution centers. They require little space, provide flexibility in managing varying demand requirements, and are able to work 24/7. This makes them particularly fit for e-commerce operations. This paper reviews new categories of robotized handling systems, such as the shuttle-based storage and retrieval systems, shuttle-based compact storage systems, and robotic mobile fulfillment systems. For each system, we categorize the literature in three groups: system analysis, design optimization, and operations planning and control. Our focus is to identify the research issue and OR modeling methodology adopted to analyze the problem. We find that many new robotic systems and applications have hardly been studied in academic literature, despite their increasing use in practice. Due to unique system features (such as autonomous control, networked and dynamic operation), new models and methods are needed to address the design and operational control challenges for such systems, in particular, for the integration of subsystems. Integrated robotized warehouse systems will form the next category of warehouses. All vital warehouse design, planning and control logic such as methods to design layout, storage and order picking system selection, storage slotting, order batching, picker routing, and picker to order assignment will have to be revisited for new robotized warehouses

Vertical or Horizontal Transport? - Comparison of robotic storage and retrieval systems

Autonomous vehicle-based storage and retrieval systems are commonly used in e-commerce fulfillment as they allow a high and flexible throughput capacity. In these systems, roaming robots transport loads between a storage location and a workstation. Two main variants exist: Horizontal, where the robots only move horizontally and use lifts for vertical transport and a new variant Vertical, where the robots can also travel vertically in the rack. This paper builds a framework to analyze the performance of the vertical system and to compare its throughput capacity with the horizontal system. We build closed-queueing network models for this that in turn are used to optimize the design. The results show that the optimal height-to-width ratio of a vertical system is around 1. As a large number of system robots may lead to blocking and delays, we compare the effect of two different robot blocking protocols on the system throughput: robot Recirculation and Wait-On-Spot. The Wait-On-Spot policy produces a higher system throughput when the number of robots in the system is small. However, for a large number of robots in the system, the Recirculation policy dominates the Wait-On-Spot policy. Finally, we compare the operational costs of the vertical and the horizontal transport system. For systems with one load/unload (L/U) point, the vertical system always produces a similar or higher system throughput, with a lower operating cost comp

Comprehensive 5P framework for active aging using the ecological approach : an iterative systematic review

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

An Ecological Approach to the Development of an Active Aging Measurement in Urban Areas (AAMU)

Acknowledgments: Authors wish to express their gratitude to respected academic staff who participated in all panels for this study.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Multicore fibers with 10 and 16 single-mode cores for the visible spectrum

We report multicore fibers (MCFs) with 10 and 16 linearly distributed cores with single-mode operation in the visible spectrum. The average propagation loss of the cores is 0.06 dB/m at λ = 445 nm and < 0.03 dB/m at wavelengths longer than 488 nm. The low inter-core crosstalk and nearly identical performance of the cores make these MCFs suitable for spatial division multiplexing in the visible spectrum. As a proof-of-concept application, one of the MCFs was coupled to an implantable neural probe to spatially address light-emitting gratings on the probe