ANÁLISE DO EFEITO EM CASCATA DA PROPAGAÇÃO DA ONDA DE CHEIA GERADA PELO ROMPIMENTO HIPOTÉTICO DE UMA DAS BARRAGENS EXISTENTES NO RIO IRANI-SC

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro Tecnológico. Engenharia Civil.As barragens e seus reservatórios são estruturas com finalidades diversas. Armazenar água para consumo e irrigação, geração de energia elétrica e controle de cheias são alguns exemplos das utilizações destas estruturas. Entretanto, toda estrutura está sujeita ao risco de falha. No caso das barragens uma ruptura pode ser catastrófica, elevando o nível do rio em minutos e alagando diversas cidades ao longo do vale. Este estudo visou entender o impacto do rompimento de uma das barragens do rio Irani nas outras estruturas de barramento existentes no mesmo rio. O rio Irani possui ao longo de sua extensão 5 barragens em operação. Todas as estruturas estão dimensionadas para suportar cheias naturais com recorrência estimada em 1000 anos, porém não existe um plano de segurança integrado que analise o risco do rompimento de um dos barramentos no restante da cascata. Ao longo do desenvolvimento do estudo foram simulados, através de um modelo hidrodinâmico elaborado no software HEC-RAS, três cenários hidrológicos diferentes. A elaboração do modelo contou com seções topobatimétricas, níveis de água aferidos em campo, modelo digital do terreno e características das pontes e barramentos existentes no curso do rio. Os resultados do modelo são apresentados na forma gráfica, com o perfil do nível de água ao longo do rio Irani, e em forma de tabelas, identificando a influência do rompimento de uma das barragens na estabilidade das outras estruturas existentes. Ao fim demonstra-se a importância de um plano de segurança integrado para a cascata do rio Irani, considerando o risco gerado pelo rompimento de um dos barramentos na cascata do rio

Maloclusão Classe III de Angle: características e tratamentos, uma revisão de literatura

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Odontologia.As más oclusões de Classe III são caracterizadas pelo posicionamento mais anterior da mandíbula em relação à maxila, sendo que a discrepância pode ser causada pela deficiência anterior da maxila, prognatismo mandibular excessivo ou a combinação de ambos. A maloclusão de Classe III, de origem essencialmente esquelética, produz uma acentuada deformidade facial. A Classe III pode ser interceptada durante a fase de crescimento e desenvolvimento craniofacial mediante o uso de aparelhos ortopédicos. O crescimento mandibular, predominantemente endocondral na cartilagem condilar, obedece essencialmente ao controle genético. Portanto, os efeitos dos aparelhos ortopédicos que visam restringir o crescimento da mandíbula mostram-se limitados, o que conduz ao pobre prognóstico de tratamento precoce da Classe III determinada pelo prognatismo mandibular. Felizmente, o componente esquelético maxilar responde melhor à aplicação de forças ortopédicas, já que o crescimento ósseo intramembranoso mostra-se mais susceptível a influências extrínsecas ou ambientais. Deste modo, a Classe III morfologicamente definida pelo retrognatismo maxilar, privilegia-se com o tratamento ortopédico. O tratamento da maloclusão de Classe III em adultos é limitado. O tratamento recai sobre compensações dentárias ou com combinação entre a Ortodontia e a Cirurgia Ortognática, para obtenção de uma oclusão ideal e de uma estética facial agradável

Long-term reproducibility of electrophysiologically guided therapy with sotalol in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias

AbstractOBJECTIVESGoal of this study was to assess the long-term reproducibility of electrophysiologic drug testing in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT/VF).BACKGROUNDProgrammed ventricular stimulation (PVS) is still widely used to guide antiarrhythmic therapy in patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF). Sotalol is considered as one of the most effective drugs for VT/VF. Because there is no proof of long-term reproducibility of a successful drug test with sotalol, we investigated the long-term reproducibility of drug testing with sotalol.METHODSThirty patients with VT/VF (age: 57 ± 11 years, 20 patients with coronary heart disease, 7 patients with no structural heart disease, 3 with others) and reproducible induction of VT/VF (28 patients VT, two patients VF) in a baseline PVS, were suppressible with sotalol (mean dosage 395 ± 137 mg) in a subsequent PVS. After a mean follow-up of 13 ± 10 months a PVS was again performed in patients, who had no evidence of progressive cardiac disease, who did not experience any arrhythmia recurrences or who were drug compliant. Irrespective of the inducibility after long-term therapy with sotalol, all patients were kept on the initial sotalol regimen. All 30 patients had a stable cardiac condition, were free of VT/VF recurrences and were drug compliant.RESULTSDespite the clinical efficacy of sotalol, in 12 patients (40%) VT/VF could again be induced after 13 ± 10.2 months. Inducibility was independent of age, heart disease, ejection fraction and follow-up time. During a further follow-up of 22.1 ± 10.9 months, five patients experienced nonfatal VT recurrences independently of the prior inducibility.CONCLUSIONSThis study shows a lacking long-term reproducibility of an initial effective PVS with sotalol. Despite an uneventful clinical follow-up, late electrophysiologic testing showed a VT/VF inducibility in a high portion of patients. Hence, electrophysiologic testing performed late after the initial drug test may no longer be predictive of outcome

Gross motor function in patients with cerebral palsy in rehabilitation process with virtual reality

Purpose: To verify whether there is a correlation between the variables of the interventions with Virtual Reality (VR) and if there is an influence (positive or negative) on motor function in people with Cerebral Palsy (CP). Methods: A systematic search was completed in PubMed; Web of Science; Scopus; Scielo and, Scholar Google (up to page 25). Applying selection criteria, 17 articles were selected. From the articles found, 145 individuals were analyzed concerning intervention variables. VR tools were classified as specific and non-specific. Statistical analysis determined variables' behavior through tests of multivariate analysis and the coefficient of correlation. Results: Non-specific hardware for rehabilitation programs presented better results and statistical results suggests a significant correlation between session time and improvement of motor function, pointing that sessions between 45 and 50 minutes are more efficient. Conclusions: Type of hardware and intervention time are significant when planning interventions for people with CP

FISIOLOGIA DO EXERCÍCIO E A RESSÍNTESE DE ATP: UMA PROPOSTA PARA ALUNOS DO ENSINO MÉDIO

O objetivo do projeto de intervenção do Estágio Multidisciplinar II foi elaborar e desenvolver uma ação didático-pedagógica com base na Fisiologia do Exercício para alunos de duas turmas do 2º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola Estadual de Itapiranga/SC. As ações pedagógicas foram realizadas em aulas teórico-práticas sobre os sistemas de ressíntese de ATP, sendo em que no primeiro momento foi desenvolvida uma aula teórica e após duas aulas práticas referentes ao sistema explicado. Ao final do projeto, conclui-se que os objetivos propostos foram alcançados e a metodologia aplicada foi coerente com a proposta apresentada

Applicability and Development of a Direct Method Optimization Algorithm on Trajectories and Energy Minimizing Control for Hybrid Fuel Cell Railway Vehicles

The content of this paper presents a method to determine an energy-optimal operation of a battery-electric fuel cell hybrid train. As a novelty in the realms of numerical energy optimization is the simultaneously optimization of the actual energy management and train operation. To assess on the hydrogen savings potential made available by the developed optimization method, a comparison against a rule-based approach is conducted. Furthermore, the robustness and flexibility in handling variable component sizes is presented. Finalized is the paper with a conclusion on the results and an outlook is given on further development of the proposed algorithm

The FCH2RAIL Project: A Demonstration of a Modular Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Pack

In this paper, the Horizon 2020 project FCH2RAIL is outlined. The project aims to develop a bi-modal propulsion system, which combines an overhead catenary powertrain and a hydrogen fuel cell battery electric hybrid system to enable operation on tracks with mixed electrification. A key element is the fuel cell hybrid power pack and its modularity. To enable a wide range of applications, a modularity definition process in terms of installed fuel cell power and battery size is carried out. Therefore, a methodology was developed to derive generic and well-suited fuel cell and battery block sizes. Hereby, a work flow is set up, which incorporates a longitudinal vehicle dynamic simulation and a fuel cell hybrid propulsion system model. Using statistical analysis, required block sizes in terms of power and energy content of the main powertrain components are derived. Afterwards, the evaluated component block size ranges are compared to market-available components. The results obtained with the developed algorithms were 17 kWh for the smallest defined battery block and 47 kW for the fuel cell block. These dimensions are well-covered by market-available components, which demonstrates the applicability of the proposed methodology

Bi-Mode Hydrogen Train Requirements Using Geospatial Line Assessment

In this paper we analyse use-cases of bi-mode multiple units with a fuel cell hydrogen power pack to identify vehicle requirements arising from infrastructure and operation. For this, we develop a methodology combining a geospatial assessment on available open data (i.e. Open Street Map and a digital elevation model) and a longitudinal dynamic simulation model of rail vehicles. Open data railway networks are suitable in this manner, but elaborate measures to account for data gaps and data inconsistencies are needed. Therefore, we deploy a routing and a smoothing algorithm for elevation profiles integrated in a geospatial model. The modelled data is fed into a simulation tool, which simulates force and speed trajectories at wheel. From the resulting trajectories we determine the necessary traction power at wheel, which has to be subsequently covered by a traction system. From the defined power demand, we derive indicative values for a fuel cell system and resultant net usable battery capacity. We deploy our model on a collection of railway services in Spain, Portugal and Germany currently operated with diesel multiple units. We consider 23 use-cases with varying vehicles and operational configuration. Determined power rates vary strongly and are especially sensible to operational issues such as very long or very short stopping times and to vehicle parameters such as vehicle mass. We determined net power at wheel capacities to be covered by fuel cell system between 82 kW and 674 kW. In relation we determined net usable battery capacities between 90 kWh and 274 kWh. Those demands cover demands for traction energy at wheel level, excluding auxiliary loads and efficiencies