EFFECT of MICROWAVE and CONVEYOR DRYING on the DRYING CHARACTERISTICS, MODELING, and THERMAL PROPERTIES of MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER SLUDGE

Wastewater treatment plant sludges are high moisture content sludges that during their storage and transport can cause various different problems. Therefore, a significant process is to dry these sludges. Based on drying times and energy consumption, microwave and conveyor drying methods for drying wastewater treatment plant sludge were examined in this study. Sludge weights of 20 g, 40 g and 60 g were used in the drying experiments carried out using two separate dryers. Microwave drying trials were performed at 360 W, 600 W and 800 W power, conveyor drying trials at temperatures of 60 ± 1 oC, 70 ± 1 oC and 90 ± 1 oC, at a fixed belt speed of 0,2 m/min. Energy consumption increased with the rise in microwave power as a consequence of the experiments. At 800 W and 60 g, the least energy consumption is measured as 0,015 kWh. In conveyor drying, on the other hand, drying time decreased with the rise in drying temperature, and energy consumption decreased. At 90 oC and 20 g, the least energy consumption was measured as 4,1 kWh. In terms of time and energy, the most appropriate of both drying systems was determined at 800 W. Furthermore, as a result of the statistical analysis, the most suitable model among five drying models was determined according to the ?2, es, and r criteria as Logarithmic and Henderson and Pabis

Advergaming - How does cognitive overload effect brand recall? Differences between in-game advertising (IGA) and advergames

Advergaming serves as a new and valuable form of online advertising, especially for companies that target young consumers. This study examines the impacts of cognitive overload with placement prominence on respondents' brand recall, recognition and brand attitudes. An experiment was conducted on a group of university students with an exposure to an advergame under low and high cognitive load stimulus. Results showed that brands that are placed prominently are better recalled in high cognitive load condition. However, cognitive overload doesn't have any significant effect on the recognition of the main brand in which the advergames is specifically designed. Moreover, there is no difference in recall of subtly placed products in low and high cognitive load conditions. However, there is a significant difference in brand attitude in different cognitive loads. The study both investigated the context of advergames and as well in-game advertising (IGA) situations. The results of the study have both practical and theoretical implications.Publisher's Versio

Telepractice with Preschool Children: Speech-language Pathologists’ Perspectives in Turkey

The purpose of this research was to investigate speech-language pathologists’ (SLPs) perspectives, attitudes, and experiences of using telepractice for preschoolers in Turkey. A mixed-method online survey was used with SLPs who implemented telepractice with preschool children. Frequency distribution and theme analysis were used to examine the data. Therapy was the most offered online service (98%). Further, 67% of SLPs worked with speech sound disorders. More than half of SLPs felt confident offering telepractice to preschoolers. Most respondents thought that telepractice was an appropriate and easily accessible approach for preschool children, with the applicability of telepractice connected to a child’s type of problem. The SLPs were motivated by the numerous advantages of telepractice. However, their opinions were divided when telepractice was compared to in-person treatment. The SLPs in Turkey must be better educated about telepractice, and clinical standards established. The findings point to areas of telepractice that might be improved for preschoolers, especially in Turkey

Diz osteoartritli kadın hastalarda tekli ve ikili görev eğitiminin denge ve yürüyüş üzerine olan etkisi: Randomize kontrollü çalışma

Yaşlı erişkin nüfusun büyük bir kısmını etkileyen diz osteoartriti denge kaybına, düşmeleri tetikleyebilen bir yürüyüş modeline ve kontrol kaybını telafi etmek için bilişsel kaynaklara bağımlılığın artmasına yol açar. İkili görev eğitimiyle postural kontrol sağlanırken aynı anda bilişsel veya motor görevin eş zamanlı performansını geliştirmek amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı diz osteoartritli kadın hastalarda tekli ve ikili görev eğitiminin denge becerileri ve yürüme performansına etkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışmaya dahil edilme kriterlerini taşıyan 50-75 yaş aralığında, 20 diz osteoartritli hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar randomize olarak tekli eğitim grubu (n=10) ve ikili eğitim grubuna (n=10) ayrıldı. Hastalar eğitim öncesinde ve eğitim sonrasında denge, yürüme ve bilişsel fonksiyon açısından değerlendirildi. Elde edilen bulgulara göre her iki eğitim grubunda da denge ve yürüme performansı gelişti (p0,05) ancak gruplar karşılaştırıldığında ise anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p>0,05). İkili görev eğitimi, tekli görev eğitiminden farklı olarak bilişsel becerilerde gelişme sağladı (p0,05). Sonuç olarak tekli ve ikili görev eğitiminin diz osteoartritli hastalarda denge ve yürüme performansını geliştirmede benzer etkilere sahip olduğu ancak, ikili görev eğitiminin bilişsel fonksiyonları olumlu yönde etkilediği görüldü. Bu nedenle ikili görev eğitimi, diz osteoartritli hastaların rehabilitasyonunda düşme insidansının azaltılması ve toplum içinde güvenle hareket etmesinin desteklenmesi amacıyla önerilmektedir.Knee osteoarthritis, which affects a majority of mature population, causes a loss of balance, a gait pattern that can trigger fallings and increase of addiction to the cognitive resources to compensate the loss of control. While the postural control is maintained by dual task training, it is aimed to improve the simultaneous performance of a cognitive and motor task at the same time. The study aim to research the effects of single and dual task training to the balance abilities and gait performance in women patients with knee osteoarthritis. Twenty participants age between 50-75 who met the inclusion criteria included in the study. Patients are randomly seperated into single training group (n=10) and dual training group (n=10). Patients were evaluated in terms of balance, gait and cognitive function before and after the education. According to the findings, balance and gait performance improved in both training groups (p0,05). However a significant difference has not been able to found when the two groups are compared (p>0,05). Dual task training, has caused a regression on cognitive abilities as distinct from single task training (p0,05). In conclusion, it has been found that single and dual knee task training have the similiar effects on improving balance and gait performance in patients with knee osteoarthritis, however, dual task training has affected cognitive functions positively. In consequence, dual task training is recommended on the purpose of reducing the falling incidents in the rehabilitation of patients with knee osteoarthritis and supporting the confident movement in society

Plantar fasiitis tanılı hastalarda ekstracorporeal shockwave terapi uygulamasının etkinliği: Retrospektif bir çalışma

Bu çalışmanın birinci amacı plantar fasiitis tanılı hastalarda Ekstrakorporeal Şok Dalga Tedavisinin (ESWT) tedavisinin etkinliğini incelemek, çalışmanın ikinci amacı ise egzersizle kombine uygulanan ESWT ile tek başına uygulanan ESWT'nin etkinliğini karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 47,27±7,94 yıl olan 28-60 yaş aralığında toplam 40 (20 erkek, 20 kadın) plantar fasiitis tanılı hasta dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar Grup 1 (n=20) ve Grup 2 (n=20) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Grup 1'deki hastalara üç haftalık süre içinde birer hafta arayla toplam 3 seans ESWT uygulanmıştır. Grup 2'deki hastalara ise egzersizle kombine ESWT tedavisi uygulanmıştır. Başlangıçta, tedavi sonrası ve tedavi sonrası 6. hafta her iki gruptaki hastaların ağrısı (Visüel Analog Skalası) ve normal günlük aktivitelere ilişkin ağrısı (Roles and Maudsley Skalası) değerlendirilmiştir. Tedavi programı sonrasında her iki grupta da sabah ilk adım, aktivite ve istirahat ağrı değerleri ve normal günlük aktivitelere ilişkin ağrı değerleri bakımından iyileşme görülmüştür (p0,05). Roles-Maudles skorunda zamana göre oluşan değişimleri karşılaştırdığımızda; hem Grup 1'de hem de Grup 2'de Roles-Maudles skorunun başlangıca göre tedavi sonrası ve tedavi sonrası 6. haftada istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde azaldığı belirlendi (p0,05). Bunun yanı sıra ESWT tedavisi ile kombine uygulanan egzersiz tek başına uygulanan ESWT'ye göre daha üstün bulunmamıştır. Çalışmamızın sonuçları hem ESWT'nin hem de egzersizle kombine uygulanan ESWT'nin plantar fasiitis tanılı hastalarda ağrı düzeyini geliştirdiğini göstermiştir. Plantar fasiitis tanılı hastalarda ESWT'nin etkili bir yöntem olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmüştür.The primary aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave treatment (ESWT) in patients with plantar faciitis. The second aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of exercise treatment combined with ESWT versus ESWT administered alone. 40 patients (20 male, 20 female), average age are 47,27±7,94 year range from 28-60 year, diagnosed with plantar faciitis were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups as Group 1 (n=20) and Group 2 (n=20). Weekly one session during three weeks, ESWT applied to the patients in the Group I. Patients in Group II received ESWT combined with exercise treatment. Pain (Visual Analog Scale) and pain in usual daily living activity (Roles and Maudsley Scale) were evaluated at pre- treatment, post-treatment and six weeks later in both group of patients. After the treatment programme in the both groups, the significant improvement were found in pain levels at first step in the morning, activity, rest and normal daily living activity (p0,05). When compared changes in the Roles- Maudles score that occur over time; Roles and Maudles scores were decreased significantly at post-treatment and six weeks later period in both groups (p0,05). On the other hand, ESWT combined with exercise treatment was not superior than ESWT treatment alone. The result of our study showed that both ESWT and ESWT combined with exercise treatments improved pain levels in patients with plantar faciitis. Our results suggested that ESWT could be use as an effective treatment metod in patients with plantar faciitis

Dönerci Hacıbaba

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2014.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Yeni, Harun

Advergaming - how does cognitive overload effect brand recall? Differences between in-game advertising (IGA) and advergames

Advergaming serves as a new and valuable form of online advertising, especially for companies that target young consumers. This study examines the impacts of cognitive overload with placement prominence on respondents' brand recall, recognition and brand attitudes. An experiment was conducted on a group of university students with an exposure to an advergame under low and high cognitive load stimulus. Results showed that brands that are placed prominently are better recalled in high cognitive load condition. However, cognitive overload doesn't have any significant effect on the recognition of the main brand in which the advergames is specifically designed. Moreover, there is no difference in recall of subtly placed products in low and high cognitive load conditions. However, there is a significant difference in brand attitude in different cognitive loads. The study both investigated the context of advergames and as well in-game advertising (IGA) situations. The results of the study have both practical and theoretical implications.Publisher's Versio

Chemical Profile and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Aerial Parts of Marrubium vulgare L. From Different Locations in Turkey

Marrubium vulgare L. (Lamiaceae) is used for respiratory and gastrointestinal system disorders in folk medicine. According to European Pharmacopoeia criteria, standardization of the plant is defined by its marrubiin content. In present study, phenolics, marrubiin and essential oil compositions of M. vulgare from different locations in Turkey were analyzed quantitatively by UPLC, GC and GC/MS. Besides, their cytotoxic potentials were evaluated.In the samples, forsythoside B (77-400 mg/100 g dw), arenarioside (forsythoside F) (0-241 mg/100 g dw), verbascoside (acteoside) (171-416 mg/100 g dw) and apigenin-7-O-glucoside (0-17 mg/100 g dw) were determined in different ranges. Marrubiin contents (0.58-1.46 %) of some samples were two times higher than European Pharmacopoeia standards (0.7 %). beta-Caryophyllene (7.24-20.34 %), (Z)-beta-farnesene (1.58-34.85 %), germacrene D (9.8-13.37 %), bicyclogermacrene (1.71-8.63 %) and beta-bisabolene (0-16.68 %) were detected as major compounds in essential oils. The sample from the west of Aegean Region showed cytotoxicity against human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines (IC50: 59.80 mu g/mL) although it has no effect on non-cancerous NIH-3T3cell lines.This is the first report on phenolic profiles of M. vulgare populations from Turkey. Their potential as marrubiin source for pharmaceutical industry should be considered.Acknowledgments The authors thank to Dr. Fulya Aydin-Kandemir who generated the spatial distribution map of the collected M. vulgare samples via GIS software (ArcGIS pro) (Figure 6). This work was supported by TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey), Turkey (Grant number: 120-S-117).TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey), Turkey [120-S-117

Effect of metabolic control on cognitive functions in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Objectives: Neurocognitive functions of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) are reported to be poorer than those of healthy peers. The aim was to investigate the effects of age of onset of diabetes, metabolic control, and type of insulin regimen on neurocognitive functions in children and adolescents with T1D.Methods: Forty-seven children aged 6-18 years, with T1D for at least five years, were included. Children with a known psychiatric disorder or chronic diseases other than T1D were excluded. Intelligence via the Wechsler children's intelligence scale (WISC-R), short-term memory via the audio-auditory digits form B (GISD-B) test, visual motor perception via the Bender Gestalt test, and attention via the Moxo continuous attention and performance test, timing, hyperactivity, and impulsivity (Moxo-dCPT) were assessed.Results: Compared with the T1D group, healthy controls had higher scores in terms of verbal intelligence quotient (IQ), performance IQ, and total IQ mean scores on WISC-R (p=0.01, p=0.05 and p=0.01, respectively). On the MOXO-dCPT test, the T1D group had higher impulsivity compared to the control group (p=0.04). Verbal IQ was better in the moderate control group than in the poorer metabolic control (p=0.01). Patients with no history of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) had higher performance, verbal and total intelligence scores than the group with history of DKA.Conclusions: Poor metabolic control and a history of DKA in children with T1D adversely affected neurocognitive functions. It would be beneficial to consider the assessment of neurocognitive functions in T1D and to take the necessary precautions in follow-up.This study was supported by the University of Ege 'Scientific Research Projects Committee'by Project code TTU-2020-20979.University of Ege 'Scientific Research Projects Committee' [TTU-2020-20979