Betriebscharakterisierung zur Optimierung der Zuchtwertschätzung insbesondere in kleinen Populationen

Ziel dieser Arbeit war es basierend auf Betriebscharakterisierungen Betriebstypen zu identifizieren, welche in späteren Untersuchungen genutzt werden sollen, um den allgemeingültigen Betriebseffekt durch einen "Betriebstypeneffekt" im Zuchtwertschätzmodell zu ersetzen, mit dem Ziel die Sicherheit der Zuchtwerte zu erhöhen. Die Charakterisierung beinhaltete Merkmale zu Betrieb, Stall, Weide, Herdenmanagement, Fütterung, Nachzucht, Fruchtbarkeitsmanagement, den verfügbaren Arbeitskräften und dem Tagesablauf sowie detaillierte Informationen zum Herdenmanager (Bildungsstand, Weiterbildung, etc.). Insgesamt wurden 20 DSN- und 9 HF-Betriebe analysiert

Schwindel-Gefühle. Die Ökonomisierung von Emotionen und Stadtraum. Ausblicke auf Hamburg und Warschau

Zwischen Ökonomie, Emotionen und Raum besteht ein Dreiecksverhältnis, das sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten zunehmend zugunsten der Ökonomie verschiebt. Das unternehmerische Marketing hat Gefühlsräume entdeckt – entweder indem es neue inszeniert oder bestehende okkupiert. Beide Entwicklungen reagieren auf die Kritik am Städtebau der (Post-)Moderne auf; sie tragen dazu bei, dass die Produktion von Stadt in stärkerem Maße bewusst darauf abzielt, bestimmte Emotionen hervorzurufen. Dieser Wandel wird anhand von Beispielen aus Warschau und Hamburg illustriert

Measuring teacher noticing : A scoping review of standardized instruments

This scoping review provides an overview of standardized instruments used to measure teacher noticing. A systematic literature search identified 37 publications in English-language peer-reviewed journals describing 22 different test instruments. Regarding the underlying conceptualization of noticing, instruments commonly distinguish mental processes (e.g., attending and interpreting) using heterogeneous nomenclatures and focus on various aspects of teaching. Regarding the test design, the instruments are predominantly video-based and vary considerably with respect to measurement approach and test requirements. High test quality was demonstrated for established test instruments. However, on a general level, desiderata became apparent regarding construct and criterion-related validity

Ereignis-Datenbank für meteorologische Extremereignisse – MEDEA (Event Database for Meteorological Extreme Events – MEDEA). Report StartClim.3c, pp. 36

The main task of the Meteorological extreme Event Data information system for the Eastern Alpine region (MEDEA) is the long range storing for the various range of meteorological extreme event data in Austria. Perspectively the possibility for specific analysis shall be given. The state-of-the-art concerning MEDEA can be summarized as follows: - The MORIS data information system developed at the Umweltbundesamt was tested successfully due to its potential for the requirements of MEDEA. The following needs were in the focus: 1. Integration of a wide-range data spectrum (e.g. georeferenced – not georeferenced, “hard“ natural science data – “soft” socio-economic data) 2. flexibility towards new research projects/programmes of the Austrian climate research community (e.g. ClimRisk, possible StartClim-successor, ProVision) 3. integration of uncertainty specifications belonging to the various data - A preliminary object classification has been carried out. - A first evaluation of the anticipated data and their uncertainty has been carried out. - The first StartClim data sets were imported successfully into MEDE

Hexanuclear Niobium Cluster Compounds with Protonated N‐Base Cations

Octahedral clusters of the [M6X12] type offer numerous possibilities to form structural arrangements through different choices of bonding situations. In this paper a series of new cluster compounds of the transition metal niobium is described, which consist of the [Nb6Cl18]2–, and in one case [Nb6Cl18]3–, anion and protonated N‐base cations ([MIm‐H]+, [nPr3N‐H]+, [TMGu‐H]+, and [Tzn‐H]+). They all are prepared using water scavenger compounds [SOCl2 or (Ac)2O] under oxidising conditions, resulting in two‐electron (or one‐electron, respectively) oxidized cluster units with respect to the starting material [Nb6Cl14(H2O)4]·4H2O. Of five members of this group single‐crystal X‐ray structures were determined. The cluster anions exist in all structures as discrete units. The acidic H atoms of all N‐bases are hydrogen bonded to H acceptors, in 4 cases to outer, exo bonded Cl atoms of the cluster unit and in one case to the O atom of a co‐crystallized THF molecule. In [TMGu‐H]2[Nb6Cl18] chains of cluster anions exist hydrogen‐bonded through bridging [TMGu‐H]+ cations. ESI mass spectra of [MIm‐H]2[Nb6Cl18]·2SOCl2 and [TMGu‐H]2[Nb6Cl18] show the expected isotopic distribution patterns for the anions together with other peaks associated to chloride mass losses and/or reduction processes

Professionelles Engagement im Referendariat. Eine Frage der sozialräumlichen Lage?

Die Arbeit an Schulen in herausfordernder Lage verlangt von den Lehrkräften ein überdurchschnittliches Ausmaß an Engagement, um den Anforderungen dieser spezifischen und stark heterogenen Schüler*innenschaft angemessen begegnen zu können. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden zwei Aspekte des professionellen Engagements betrachtet: die geplante Bereitschaft zur Anstrengung sowie die geplante Teilnahme an Fortbildungen. (DIPF/Orig.

Increasing the Strain Resistance of Si/SiO2_2 Interfaces for Flexible Electronics

Understanding the changes that occur in the micro-mechanical properties of semiconductor materials is of utmost importance for the design of new flexible electronic devices, especially to control the properties of newly designed materials. In this work, we present the design, fabrication, and application of a novel tensile-testing device coupled to FTIR measurements that enables in situ atomic investigations of samples under uniaxial tensile load. The device allows for mechanical studies of rectangular samples with dimensions of 30 mm × 10 mm × 0.5 mm. By recording the alternation in dipole moments, the investigation of fracture mechanisms becomes feasible. Our results show that thermally treated SiO$_2$ on silicon wafers has a higher strain resistance and breaking force than the SiO$_2$ native oxide. The FTIR spectra of the samples during the unloading step indicate that for the native oxide sample, the fracture happened following the propagation of cracks from the surface into the silicon wafer. On the contrary, for the thermally treated samples, the crack growth starts from the deepest region of the oxide and propagates along the interface due to the change in the interface properties and redistribution of the applied stress. Finally, density functional theory calculations of model surfaces were conducted in order to unravel the differences in optic and electronic properties of the interfaces with and without applied stress

Improving ICD-based semantic similarity by accounting for varying degrees of comorbidity

Finding similar patients is a common objective in precision medicine, facilitating treatment outcome assessment and clinical decision support. Choosing widely-available patient features and appropriate mathematical methods for similarity calculations is crucial. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) codes are used worldwide to encode diseases and are available for nearly all patients. Aggregated as sets consisting of primary and secondary diagnoses they can display a degree of comorbidity and reveal comorbidity patterns. It is possible to compute the similarity of patients based on their ICD codes by using semantic similarity algorithms. These algorithms have been traditionally evaluated using a single-term expert rated data set. However, real-word patient data often display varying degrees of documented comorbidities that might impair algorithm performance. To account for this, we present a scale term that considers documented comorbidity-variance. In this work, we compared the performance of 80 combinations of established algorithms in terms of semantic similarity based on ICD-code sets. The sets have been extracted from patients with a C25.X (pancreatic cancer) primary diagnosis and provide a variety of different combinations of ICD-codes. Using our scale term we yielded the best results with a combination of level-based information content, Leacock & Chodorow concept similarity and bipartite graph matching for the set similarities reaching a correlation of 0.75 with our expert's ground truth. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for comorbidity variance while demonstrating how well current semantic similarity algorithms perform.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl

Prevalence and determinants of probable depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in seven countries:Longitudinal evidence from the European COvid Survey (ECOS)

BACKGROUND: Our aim was to present data on the prevalence of probable depression and anxiety and to determine their correlates during the COVID-19 pandemic in seven European countries using a longitudinal approach. METHODS: Longitudinal data (wave 4 in November 2020: n = 7,115; wave 5 in January 2021: n = 7,068; wave 6 in April 2021: n = 7,204) were taken from the European COvid Survey (ECOS), a representative sample of non-institutionalized inhabitants from Germany, United Kingdom, Denmark, Netherlands, France, Portugal and Italy aged 18+. Probable depression and anxiety were quantified using the established and validated PHQ-4 (2-item depression scale, PHQ-2 / 2-item anxiety scale, GAD-2). RESULTS: In wave 4 (wave 5; wave 6), 26.6% (25.5%; 23.8%) of all respondents had probable depression and 25.7% (23.6%; 22.1%) had probable anxiety. Prevalence rates for probable depression and probable anxiety differed significantly between countries. Among all countries and waves, particularly high prevalence rates were found among individuals aged 18 to 29 years. Longitudinal analysis showed that the likelihood of probable depression was positively associated with increasing age, great income difficulties and lower health-related quality of life. The likelihood of probable anxiety was positively associated with income difficulties, and lower health-related quality of life. LIMITATIONS: Screening tool was used to quantify the outcomes. CONCLUSION: The magnitude of probable depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in European countries was highlighted. Moreover, determining the factors associated with probable depression or anxiety (e.g., income difficulties, worse health-related quality of life) may assist in identifying individuals at increased risk