220 research outputs found

    Three degrees of influence in virtual workshops: towards an understanding of co-creative facilitation practice in technologically mediated settings

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    Virtual workshops look here to stay, however much of the recent discourse fo-cuses on methods, tools, techniques and routines in abstraction from practice and practitioner. Collaborations in virtual space are necessarily changed and shaped by their technologically mediated nature. Therefore, it is imperative to enter into reflective dialogue to effectively develop future participatory and co-creative design practice in virtual settings. Several significant phenomena, oc-curring within virtual workshops, have been identified through focused co-reflection by expert design facilitators. Duality is used as a rhetorical device to explore these phenomena as complex elements that are expressions of dynamic and intertwined influences within the virtual setting. These elements are simul-taneously experienced as both enablers and barriers in virtual workshops, and are negotiated through practice. This paper positions these elements as objects for critical reflection within a propositional model of three expanding degrees of influence; stage, setting, and environment

    Les droits disciplinaires des fonctions publiques : « unification », « harmonisation » ou « distanciation ». A propos de la loi du 26 avril 2016 relative à la déontologie et aux droits et obligations des fonctionnaires

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    The production of tt‟ , W+bb‟ and W+cc‟ is studied in the forward region of proton–proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98±0.02 fb−1 . The W bosons are reconstructed in the decays W→ℓΜ , where ℓ denotes muon or electron, while the b and c quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions.The production of tt‟t\overline{t}, W+bb‟W+b\overline{b} and W+cc‟W+c\overline{c} is studied in the forward region of proton-proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98 ±\pm 0.02 \mbox{fb}^{-1}. The WW bosons are reconstructed in the decays W→ℓΜW\rightarrow\ell\nu, where ℓ\ell denotes muon or electron, while the bb and cc quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions

    LHCb upgrade software and computing : technical design report

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    This document reports the Research and Development activities that are carried out in the software and computing domains in view of the upgrade of the LHCb experiment. The implementation of a full software trigger implies major changes in the core software framework, in the event data model, and in the reconstruction algorithms. The increase of the data volumes for both real and simulated datasets requires a corresponding scaling of the distributed computing infrastructure. An implementation plan in both domains is presented, together with a risk assessment analysis

    Physics case for an LHCb Upgrade II - Opportunities in flavour physics, and beyond, in the HL-LHC era

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    The LHCb Upgrade II will fully exploit the flavour-physics opportunities of the HL-LHC, and study additional physics topics that take advantage of the forward acceptance of the LHCb spectrometer. The LHCb Upgrade I will begin operation in 2020. Consolidation will occur, and modest enhancements of the Upgrade I detector will be installed, in Long Shutdown 3 of the LHC (2025) and these are discussed here. The main Upgrade II detector will be installed in long shutdown 4 of the LHC (2030) and will build on the strengths of the current LHCb experiment and the Upgrade I. It will operate at a luminosity up to 2×1034 cm−2s−1, ten times that of the Upgrade I detector. New detector components will improve the intrinsic performance of the experiment in certain key areas. An Expression Of Interest proposing Upgrade II was submitted in February 2017. The physics case for the Upgrade II is presented here in more depth. CP-violating phases will be measured with precisions unattainable at any other envisaged facility. The experiment will probe b → sl+l−and b → dl+l− transitions in both muon and electron decays in modes not accessible at Upgrade I. Minimal flavour violation will be tested with a precision measurement of the ratio of B(B0 → ÎŒ+Ό−)/B(Bs → ÎŒ+Ό−). Probing charm CP violation at the 10−5 level may result in its long sought discovery. Major advances in hadron spectroscopy will be possible, which will be powerful probes of low energy QCD. Upgrade II potentially will have the highest sensitivity of all the LHC experiments on the Higgs to charm-quark couplings. Generically, the new physics mass scale probed, for fixed couplings, will almost double compared with the pre-HL-LHC era; this extended reach for flavour physics is similar to that which would be achieved by the HE-LHC proposal for the energy frontier

    Measurement of the J/ψ pair production cross-section in pp collisions at s=13 \sqrt{s}=13 TeV

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    The production cross-section of J/ψ pairs is measured using a data sample of pp collisions collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13 \sqrt{s}=13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 279 ±11 pb−1^{−1}. The measurement is performed for J/ψ mesons with a transverse momentum of less than 10 GeV/c in the rapidity range 2.0 < y < 4.5. The production cross-section is measured to be 15.2 ± 1.0 ± 0.9 nb. The first uncertainty is statistical, and the second is systematic. The differential cross-sections as functions of several kinematic variables of the J/ψ pair are measured and compared to theoretical predictions.The production cross-section of J/ψJ/\psi pairs is measured using a data sample of pppp collisions collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV\sqrt{s} = 13 \,{\mathrm{TeV}}, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 279±11 pb−1279 \pm 11 \,{\mathrm{pb^{-1}}}. The measurement is performed for J/ψJ/\psi mesons with a transverse momentum of less than 10 GeV/c10 \,{\mathrm{GeV}}/c in the rapidity range 2.0<y<4.52.0<y<4.5. The production cross-section is measured to be 15.2±1.0±0.9 nb15.2 \pm 1.0 \pm 0.9 \,{\mathrm{nb}}. The first uncertainty is statistical, and the second is systematic. The differential cross-sections as functions of several kinematic variables of the J/ψJ/\psi pair are measured and compared to theoretical predictions

    Measurement of the B0s→Ό+Ό− Branching Fraction and Effective Lifetime and Search for B0→Ό+Ό− Decays

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    A search for the rare decays Bs0→Ό+ÎŒ- and B0→Ό+ÎŒ- is performed at the LHCb experiment using data collected in pp collisions corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 4.4  fb-1. An excess of Bs0→Ό+ÎŒ- decays is observed with a significance of 7.8 standard deviations, representing the first observation of this decay in a single experiment. The branching fraction is measured to be B(Bs0→Ό+ÎŒ-)=(3.0±0.6-0.2+0.3)×10-9, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The first measurement of the Bs0→Ό+ÎŒ- effective lifetime, τ(Bs0→Ό+ÎŒ-)=2.04±0.44±0.05  ps, is reported. No significant excess of B0→Ό+ÎŒ- decays is found, and a 95% confidence level upper limit, B(B0→Ό+ÎŒ-)<3.4×10-10, is determined. All results are in agreement with the standard model expectations.A search for the rare decays Bs0→Ό+Ό−B^0_s\to\mu^+\mu^- and B0→Ό+Ό−B^0\to\mu^+\mu^- is performed at the LHCb experiment using data collected in pppp collisions corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 4.4 fb−1^{-1}. An excess of Bs0→Ό+Ό−B^0_s\to\mu^+\mu^- decays is observed with a significance of 7.8 standard deviations, representing the first observation of this decay in a single experiment. The branching fraction is measured to be B(Bs0→Ό+Ό−)=(3.0±0.6−0.2+0.3)×10−9{\cal B}(B^0_s\to\mu^+\mu^-)=\left(3.0\pm 0.6^{+0.3}_{-0.2}\right)\times 10^{-9}, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The first measurement of the Bs0→Ό+Ό−B^0_s\to\mu^+\mu^- effective lifetime, τ(Bs0→Ό+Ό−)=2.04±0.44±0.05\tau(B^0_s\to\mu^+\mu^-)=2.04\pm 0.44\pm 0.05 ps, is reported. No significant excess of B0→Ό+Ό−B^0\to\mu^+\mu^- decays is found and a 95 % confidence level upper limit, B(B0→Ό+Ό−)<3.4×10−10{\cal B}(B^0\to\mu^+\mu^-)<3.4\times 10^{-10}, is determined. All results are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations

    Measurements of prompt charm production cross-sections in pp collisions at s=5 \sqrt{s}=5 TeV

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    Production cross-sections of prompt charm mesons are measured using data from pppp collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 5 5\,TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 8.60±0.33 8.60\pm0.33\,pb−1^{-1} collected by the LHCb experiment. The production cross-sections of D0D^0, D+D^+, Ds+D_s^+, and D∗+D^{*+} mesons are measured in bins of charm meson transverse momentum, pTp_{\text{T}}, and rapidity, yy. They cover the rapidity range 2.0<y<4.52.0 < y < 4.5 and transverse momentum ranges 0<pT<10 GeV/c0 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c for D0D^0 and D+D^+ and 1<pT<10 GeV/c1 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c for Ds+D_s^+ and D∗+D^{*+} mesons. The inclusive cross-sections for the four mesons, including charge-conjugate states, within the range of 1<pT<8 GeV/c1 < p_{\text{T}} < 8\, \text{GeV}/c are determined to be \begin{equation*} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^0 X) = 1190 \pm 3 \pm 64\,\mu\text{b} \end{equation*} \begin{equation*} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^+ X) = 456 \pm 3 \pm 34\,\mu\text{b} \end{equation*} \begin{equation*} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D_s^+ X) = 195 \pm 4 \pm 19\,\mu\text{b} \end{equation*} \begin{equation*} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^{*+} X)= 467 \pm 6 \pm 40\,\mu\text{b} \end{equation*} where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.Production cross-sections of prompt charm mesons are measured using data from pp collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 5 TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 8.60 ± 0.33 pb−1^{−1} collected by the LHCb experiment. The production cross-sections of D0^{0}, D+^{+}, Ds+_{s}^{+} , and D∗+^{∗+} mesons are measured in bins of charm meson transverse momentum, pT_{T}, and rapidity, y. They cover the rapidity range 2.0 < y < 4.5 and transverse momentum ranges 0 < pT_{T} < 10 GeV/c for D0^{0} and D+^{+} and 1 < pT_{T} < 10 GeV/c for Ds+_{s}^{+} and D∗+^{∗+} mesons. The inclusive cross-sections for the four mesons, including charge-conjugate states, within the range of 1 < pT_{T} < 8 GeV/c are determined to be σ(pp→D0X)=1004±3±54ÎŒb,σ(pp→D+X)=402±2±30ÎŒb,σ(pp→Ds+X)=170±4±16ÎŒb,σ(pp→D∗+X)=421±5±36ÎŒb, \begin{array}{l}\sigma \left( pp\to {D}^0X\right)=1004\pm 3\pm 54\mu \mathrm{b},\\ {}\sigma \left( pp\to {D}^{+}X\right)=402\pm 2\pm 30\mu \mathrm{b},\\ {}\sigma \left( pp\to {D}_s^{+}X\right)=170\pm 4\pm 16\mu \mathrm{b},\\ {}\sigma \left( pp\to {D}^{\ast +}X\right)=421\pm 5\pm 36\mu \mathrm{b},\end{array} where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.Production cross-sections of prompt charm mesons are measured using data from pppp collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 5 5\,TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 8.60±0.33 8.60\pm0.33\,pb−1^{-1} collected by the LHCb experiment. The production cross-sections of D0D^0, D+D^+, Ds+D_s^+, and D∗+D^{*+} mesons are measured in bins of charm meson transverse momentum, pTp_{\text{T}}, and rapidity, yy. They cover the rapidity range 2.0<y<4.52.0<y<4.5 and transverse momentum ranges 0<pT<10 GeV/c0 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c for D0D^0 and D+D^+ and 1<pT<10 GeV/c1 < p_{\text{T}} < 10\, \text{GeV}/c for Ds+D_s^+ and D∗+D^{*+} mesons. The inclusive cross-sections for the four mesons, including charge-conjugate states, within the range of 1<pT<8 GeV/c1 < p_{\text{T}} < 8\, \text{GeV}/c are determined to be \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^0 X) = 1004 \pm 3 \pm 54\,\mu\text{b} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^+ X) = 402 \pm 2 \pm 30\,\mu\text{b} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D_s^+ X) = 170 \pm 4 \pm 16\,\mu\text{b} \sigma(pp\rightarrow D^{*+} X)= 421 \pm 5 \pm 36\,\mu\text{b} where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively

    Étude rĂ©trospective (2010-2017) de l’allo-immunisation chez 319 patients auto-immunisĂ©s. Apport et efficacitĂ© de l’allo-adsorption et des techniques complĂ©mentaires en immuno-hĂ©matologie

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    L’anĂ©mie hĂ©molytique auto-immune entraine une destruction accĂ©lĂ©rĂ©e des globules rouges par un mĂ©canisme immunologique. Chez les patients dont l’hĂ©molyse est sĂ©vĂšre, des transfusions sanguines permettent de compenser l’anĂ©mie. Chez ces patients, une Ă©tude rĂ©trospective a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e sur une cohorte de 319 patients pris en charge par l’EFS site Mondor (CrĂ©teil) pour dĂ©terminer leur frĂ©quence d’allo-immunisation. Le faible taux d’allo-immunisation observĂ© (12%) par rapport aux donnĂ©es de la littĂ©rature (10-40%) suggĂšre de gĂ©nĂ©raliser l’utilisation de CGR phĂ©notypĂ©s RH-KEL1 pour les patients auto-immunisĂ©s. Les patients prĂ©alablement allo-immunisĂ©s ont plus de risques de s’immuniser de nouveau (21%) et devraient ĂȘtre transfusĂ©s dans leur phĂ©notype Ă©tendu afin de limiter les impasses thĂ©rapeutiques. Le terrain auto-immun ne semble pas ĂȘtre un facteur de risque de primo allo-immunisation anti-Ă©rythrocytaire. La prise en charge d’échantillons de patients auto-immunisĂ©s est souvent un challenge technique pour le laboratoire d’immuno-hĂ©matologie. Une Ă©tude prospective permettant de comparer la rapiditĂ© et l’efficacitĂ© des techniques employĂ©es pour sĂ©curiser la transfusion sanguine a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e sur une cohorte de 11 patients auto-immunisĂ©s. Les allo-adsorptions en prĂ©sence de LISS et de PEG sont les plus efficientes pour dĂ©tecter un allo-anticorps masquĂ© par un auto-anticorps. Deux cycles d’allo-adsorption permettent d’éliminer la majoritĂ© des auto-anticorps. Dans les situations d’urgence, l’association de dilutions au 1/2 et au 1/5 est une bonne alternative aux allo-adsorptions pour sĂ©curiser la prise en charge transfusionnelle des patients auto-immunisĂ©s

    B cells mimicking blasts after an allogeneic stem cell transplantation

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    Dominant immune response to HLA‐B57/B58 molecules after platelet transfusion

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    International audienceBackground: Patients with hematologic malignancies require prophylactic or curative platelet transfusions to prevent or treat bleeding. Treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation cause persistent thrombocytopenia, necessitating platelet transfusions. However, class I HLA antibodies can cause a serious complication: immune-mediated platelet refractoriness. The mechanisms of alloimmunization are incompletely understood. We explored the immunogenicity of HLA molecules and the phenotype of the HLA-specific CD4+ T cells involved in alloimmunization.Study design and methods: We investigated the role of HLA molecules in platelet transfusion immunogenicity in a retrospective cohort study on men with specific anti-HLA who had undergone transfusion. We investigated the presence and phenotypic profile of HLA-specific CD4+ T cells in alloimmunized patients included in long-term platelet transfusion programs for hematologic malignancies.Results: More than 50% of the transfused subjects displayed an antibody response against HLA-B57 or -B58. HLA-B57-specific CD4+ T-cell responses were observed in patients alloimmunized against HLA-B57. Following specific stimulation, the patients presented HLA-specific CD4+ T cells producing tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-13, IL-17A, IL-2, IL-10, and IL-21.Conclusion: These results shed light on posttransfusion class I anti-HLA alloimmunization mechanisms and constitute a first step toward developing new strategies for reducing refractoriness
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