Anatomical Anomalies of Carotid-Vertebral Arteries in Patients with Dizziness and Impaired Hearing

Currently, Doppler ultrasound examinations are of particular importance, including continuous wave Doppler and color-coded pulsed wave Doppler. Excellent images are obtained using contrast computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), which give greater understanding of blood flow in the cranial and intracranial vessels under normal conditions and in pathological situations caused by both anatomical anomalies and acquired abnormalities. Our previous studies, concerning the analysis of the frequency and types of anatomical anomalies of the cranial arteries, i.e. vertebral and carotid arteries, in patients with dizziness and impaired hearing, demonstrated that hypoplasia of the right vertebral artery was the most common anatomical anomaly occurring in 58.7% of cases, of which 51.7% were women and 6.9% men; hypoplasia of the left vertebral artery, occurring in 24.7% of the study group, of which 13.8% were women and 10.3% men; hypoplasia of the right internal carotid artery found in 3.4% of women and of the left internal carotid artery in 6.8% of cases, 3.4% in women and 3.4% in men; and hypoplasia of the right common carotid artery was reported in 3.4% of men, whereas critical stenosis of the left subclavian artery with subclavian steal syndrome was observed in 3.4% of women. Although tinnitus was the most frequent symptom occurring in those patients, in this study dizziness was most common in patients admitted to the Department for the diagnosis, possibly because they found it more disturbing

Komisje do ofiary wieczystej na powiększenie sił krajowych z 1789 r

"Sejm Wielki uchwalił podatek określany szlachetnym mianem „ofiary wieczystej" który był płacony od dochodów uzyskiwanych z ziemi. Wyszukiwano wówczas nowych źródeł dochodów mogących ożywić gospodarkę, a zarazem niezbędnych, zwłaszcza dla wojska. Jednym z pierwszych posunięć Sejmu Czteroletniego było wezwanie skierowane do wszystkich mieszkańców Rzeczypospolitej o jednorazową dobrowolną ofiarę, którą czasami niesłusznie utożsamia się z ofiarą wieczystą. Dobrowolna ofiara na naglące potrzeby ojczyzny, to apel do gorliwości obywatelskiej o nieprzymuszony dar dla kraju."(...

Likwidacja przedmiotu historia państwa i prawa Polski na Wydziale Prawa, Administracji i Ekonomii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego

The Elimination of the Subject Constitutional and Legal History of Poland from the Teaching Program of the Faculty of Law, Administration and Economy of the Wrocław UniversityThe merging of the Constitutional and Legal History of Poland with the General Constitutional and Legal History into one subject Constitutional and Legal History gave rise to the fear that Polish constitutional and legal institutions may be blurred in the area of general history. The absence of individual subject, whose name reflected Polishness, might contribute to the weakening of the spirit of historical community of Polish society, the spirit being previously moulded by the discussed subject. The essential educational element in the forming of the frame of mind of the lawyer inclined toward humanities is the knowledge of above all the constitutional history of his own country, the evolution of its political institutions and the law applied in courts. The discussed modification of the process of educating future lawyers at the Faculty of Law, Administration and Economy of the University of Wrocław may push to the background questions which laid the emphasis on the vernacular legal culture of the state. It is from the native constitutional and legal history that we obtain the first line experience. The subject that was thus eliminated was the one characterized by rich historiography and the one that emphasized the historical continuity of Polish state and la

Delayed perforation of posterior pharyngeal wall caused by dislodged bioresorbable interbody cage. Case report

A 48-year-old man was admitted for the management of congenital anomalies: Arnold–Chiari type I malformation combined with odontoid upward migration. He also had degenerative stenosis of the spinal canal by spurs at C2/C3 and C3/C4 levels. Osseous deformities caused ischaemic changes of the brainstem as well as spinal cord compression. Authors used the Biocage – interbody cage covered by bioresorbable layer to fill the surgically created gap after removal of the right part of C3 vertebral body. Twenty-seven months after implantation, the implant was extruded through posterior pharyngeal wall. Authors describe this unusual case and discuss possible causes of Biocage extrusion

Wooden sacral architecture in Greater Poland. An interdisciplinary case study of the church in Domachowo

Sacred wooden architecture in Poland is a huge and still unrecognised research problem. It covers a number of issues of interdisciplinary character: from the properties of building materials and carpentry techniques, through constructionand architectural-spatial solutions, to cultural and natural conditions. Hence, the best way to study this problem is interdisciplinary research. The necessity of cooperation of representatives of various scientific disciplines became the basis for creating a team to study the wooden church of St Michael the Archangel in Domachowo, so far dated to 1568. As researchers representing various disciplines (including archaeology, history, art history, history of architecture, architecture, architectural conservation), we cite sources and research that allow us to formulate a thesis that the past of the Domachowo church dates back to the 14th century. Moreover, we present the research and methodological problems inscribed in the aforementioned church building, understood as a whole. Such a multifaceted approach allows us to redefine the current knowledge about the church in Domachowo.Sacred wooden architecture in Poland is a huge and still unrecognised research problem. It covers a number of issues of interdisciplinary character: from the properties of building materials and carpentry techniques, through constructionand architectural-spatial solutions, to cultural and natural conditions. Hence, the best way to study this problem is interdisciplinary research. The necessity of cooperation of representatives of various scientific disciplines became the basis for creating a team to study the wooden church of St Michael the Archangel in Domachowo, so far dated to 1568. As researchers representing various disciplines (including archaeology, history, art history, history of architecture, architecture, architectural conservation), we cite sources and research that allow us to formulate a thesis that the past of the Domachowo church dates back to the 14th century. Moreover, we present the research and methodological problems inscribed in the aforementioned church building, understood as a whole. Such a multifaceted approach allows us to redefine the current knowledge about the church in Domachowo

Iron Inhibits Respiratory Burst of Peritoneal Phagocytes In Vitro

Objective. This study examines the effects of iron ions Fe3+ on the respiratory burst of phagocytes isolated from peritoneal effluents of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients, as an in vitro model of iron overload in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Material and Methods. Respiratory burst of peritoneal phagocytes was measured by chemiluminescence method. Results. At the highest used concentration of iron ions Fe3+ (100 μM), free radicals production by peritoneal phagocytes was reduced by 90% compared to control. Conclusions. Iron overload may increase the risk of infectious complications in ESRD patients

Peritonitis-induced antitumor activity of peritoneal macrophages from uremic patients.

The macrophages belong to the effector cells of both nonspecific and specific immune response. These cells generally express little cytotoxicity unless activated. The present work was intended to determine if peritoneal macrophages collected from patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) during episodes of peritonitis were active against human tumor cell lines without further in vitro stimulation. We also compared macrophage antitumor potential with effectiveness of drugs used in cancer therapy (taxol and suramin). Conditioned medium (CM) of macrophages collected during inflammation-free periods did not exhibit cytostatic and cytotoxic activity against both tumor (A549 and HTB44) and non-transformed (BEAS-2B and CRL2190) cells. Exposure of tumor cells to CM of macrophages harvested during peritonitis resulted in significant suppression of proliferation, impairment of viability and induction of apoptosis, in contrast to non-transformed cells, which remained unaffected. The efficacy of CM of inflammatory macrophages as an antitumor agent appeared to be comparable to cytostatic and cytotoxic potency of taxol and suramin or, in the case of HTB44 cells, even higher. The results obtained suggest that activated human macrophages might represent a useful tool for cancer immunotherapy

Peritonitis-induced antitumor activity of peritoneal macrophages from uremic patients

The macrophages belong to the effector cells of both nonspecific and specific immune response. These cells generally express little cytotoxicity unless activated. The present work was intended to determine if peritoneal macrophages collected from patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) during episodes of peritonitis were active against human tumor cell lines without further in vitro stimulation. We also compared macrophage antitumor potential with effectiveness of drugs used in cancer therapy (taxol and suramin). Conditioned medium (CM) of macrophages collected during inflammation-free periods did not exhibit cytostatic and cytotoxic activity against both tumor (A549 and HTB44) and non-transformed (BEAS-2B and CRL2190) cells. Exposure of tumor cells to CM of macrophages harvested during peritonitis resulted in significant suppression of proliferation, impairment of viability and induction of apoptosis, in contrast to non-transformed cells, which remained unaffected. The efficacy of CM of inflammatory macrophages as an antitumor agent appeared to be comparable to cytostatic and cytotoxic potency of taxol and suramin or, in the case of HTB44 cells, even higher. The results obtained suggest that activated human macrophages might represent a useful tool for cancer immunotherapy

The Adherence in Chronic Diseases Scale — a new tool to monitor implementation of a treatment plan

Wstęp. Celem pracy była ocena adherence z zastosowaniem nowej skali w populacji osób z chorobą wieńcową (CAD) po zawale serca (MI) w odniesieniu do parametrów socjodemograficznych i klinicznych. Materiał i metody. Badanie przeprowadzono w populacji 100 kolejnych osób (40 kobiet, 60 mężczyzn) w wieku 30–88 lat, średnio 63,4 roku, pół roku po hospitalizacji z powodu MI. Wyniki. Wyniki oceny w Adherence in Chronic Diseases Scale (ACDS) zawierały się między 6 a 28 punktów; mediana wynosiła 24 punkty (21–28). Wynik wysoki (> 26 pkt.) osiągnęły 24 osoby, 53 badanych uzyskało wynik średni (między 21 a 26 pkt.), a 23 — niski wynik (< 21 pkt.). Dla optymalnego modelu regresji wielorakiej współczynnik korelacji R wynosił 0,539, a skorygowany współczynnik determinacji R2 — 0,26 (p = 0,000002). Niezależnymi czynnikami wpływającymi na adherence ocenianymi w ACDS były: subiektywna ocena stanu zdrowia (b = 0,48 ± 0,23; p = 0,036), wiek badanych (b = –0,11 ± 0,04; p = 0,004), więcej niż jeden pobyt w szpitalu z powodu CAD (b = –1,78 ± 0,87; p = 0,044) oraz cukrzyca (b = –2,02 ± 0,91; p = 0,029). Wnioski. Subiektywna ocena stanu zdrowia, wiek pacjentów, liczba hospitalizacji z powodu CAD oraz współwystępowanie cukrzycy wpływają na adherence w terapii przewlekłej po zawale serca.Introduction. The aim of this study was to assess adherence to treatment with use of the new scale in a population of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after myocardial infarction (MI) with respect to some socio-demographic and clinical factors. Material and methods. The study was conducted in a population of 100 consecutive patients (40 women, 60 men) aged from 30 to 88 years (mean 63.4), six months after hospitalization for MI. Results. The results of the assessment with the Adherence in Chronic Diseases Scale (ACDS) comprise between 6 and 28 points; median 24 points (21–28). Twenty-four patients had high score (> 26 pts.), 53 patients had intermediate score (between 21–26 pts.) and 23 — low score (< 21 pts.). For optimal model of multiple regression, the correlation coefficient R was 0.539; and the adjusted coefficient of determination R2 = 0.26, p = 0.000002. Independent factors affecting adherence according to the ACDS scale were: subjective assessment of health status (b = 0.48 ± ± 0.23, p = 0.036), age of the respondents (b = –0.11 ± 0.04, p = 0.004), more than one hospitalization due to CAD (b = –1.78 ± 0.87, p = 0.044), and diabetes mellitus (b = –2.02 ± 0.91, p = 0.029). Conclusions. Subjective assessment of health status, age of patients, the number of hospitalizations due to CAD and diabetes affect the adherence in the course of long-term treatment after myocardial infarction.