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    Uneven Odds : the Electoral Success of the Belgian Vlaams Blok, the German Republikaner and the Dutch Centrumdemocraten on the Premises of the Political System

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    Only abstract. Paper copies of master’s theses are listed in the Helka database (http://www.helsinki.fi/helka). Electronic copies of master’s theses are either available as open access or only on thesis terminals in the Helsinki University Library.Vain tiivistelmĂ€. Sidottujen gradujen saatavuuden voit tarkistaa Helka-tietokannasta (http://www.helsinki.fi/helka). Digitaaliset gradut voivat olla luettavissa avoimesti verkossa tai rajoitetusti kirjaston opinnĂ€ytekioskeilla.Endast sammandrag. Inbundna avhandlingar kan sökas i Helka-databasen (http://www.helsinki.fi/helka). Elektroniska kopior av avhandlingar finns antingen öppet pĂ„ nĂ€tet eller endast tillgĂ€ngliga i bibliotekets avhandlingsterminaler.The aim of this thesis is to study the electoral success of three extreme right-wing parties on the premises of the political system. The parties in focus are the Belgian Vlaams Blok (VB), the Dutch Centrumdemocraten (CD) and the German Republikaner (REP), which are all undisputed representatives of the 'core' extreme right-wing family in present-day Western Europe. Further, the features of the political system are divided into party system features and features related to the institutional setting of a country. The former include, among other features, the fragmentation of the party system, the electoral volatility and the polarisation and cartellisation of the party system. The latter include, amongst others, the complexity of the system, federal structures, the election system and the legal constraints that can affect the performance of extreme right-wing parties in elections. The study is conducted as a case study in the sense that it aims to an in-depth analysis of the electoral success of three parties on the premises of the political systems of each of countries under which they reside. However, the study takes its starting point in the theoretical discussion concerning the potential impact of various political system features on extreme right-wing parties in general, which enables a systematic analysis of the cases, and the application of a comparative perspective to the findings. The study concludes in that the political systems of the three countries studied, indeed provide different opportunities and restraints for the three extreme right-wing parties to succeed electorally. Some political system features prove, however, to affect the electoral success of the parties differently than the theoretical discussion had led us to expect. In addition, the Belgian system appears to be advantageous for the electoral success of the Vlaams Blok with regard to most political system features studied, whereas the Dutch and the German systems prove to combine multiple disadvantageous and restraining conditions affecting the electoral success of the Centrumdemocraten and the Republikaner. Yet, the German system appears to be the most restraining system, which is due to the fact that some of the political features appear even more restraining for the German extreme right than similar features in the Netherlands.Avhandlingens avsikt Ă€r att undersöka tre högerextremistiska partiers framgĂ„ng i val pĂ„ det politiska systemets premisser, nĂ€mligen det belgiska Vlaams Blok (VB), det nederlĂ€ndska Centrumdemocraten (CD) och det tyska Republikaner (REP). Dessa tillhör alla den s.k. 'kĂ€rnfamiljen' av högerextremistiska partier i dagens Europa. Studien tar sin utgĂ„ngspunkt i en analysram, vari det politiska systemet Ă€r indelat i partisystemvariabler och variabler som relaterar till det politiska systemets institutionella strukturen. De förra inkludera bl.a. partisystemets fragmentering, kartellisering, ideologiska polarisering jĂ€mte vĂ€ljarrörlighet, medan de institutionella strukturerna inkluderar t.ex. det politiska systemets komplexitet, federala strukturen, valsystem och juridiska begrĂ€nsningar som kan pĂ„verka högerextremistiska partiers framgĂ„ng i val. Undersökningen utgörs av fallstudier av de tre partiernas framgĂ„ng i val pĂ„ det politiska systemets premisser. UtgĂ„ngspunkten i en generell teoretisk referensram möjliggör dock en systematisk analys i de tre fallstudierna, likvĂ€l som ett jĂ€mförande perspektiv pĂ„ undersökningens resultat. I avhandlingen finner jag att undersökningens olika politiska system de facto skapar olika förutsĂ€ttningar för de tre högerextremistiska partierna att nĂ„ framgĂ„ng i val. Dock visar avhandlingen pĂ„ att somliga systemaspekter tar sig annorlunda uttryck Ă€n den teoretiska diskussionen föranledde oss att anta. DĂ€rtill visar undersökningen att det belgiska politiska systemet Ă€r gynnsamt för het Vlaams Blok med avseende pĂ„ nĂ€stan alla systemaspekter som undersöktes. DĂ€remot kombinerar de nederlĂ€ndska och tyska systemen flertalet karakteristika som begrĂ€nsar eller förtrycker de Centrumdemocratens och die Reublikaners möjligheter till framgĂ„ng i val. Det tyska systemet visar sig vara det system som begrĂ€nsar ett högerextremistiskt partis framgĂ„ngar mest, vilket i sig inte beror pĂ„ antalet begrĂ€nsande karakteristika, utan snarare pĂ„ att flertalet systemaspekter har en Ă€n mera genomgripande effekt i Tyskland Ă€n motsvarande aspekter i NederlĂ€nderna.Työ on englanninkielinen
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