Before the War: Race, Marxism and the Pre-History of Hawaii's Working Class

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/51330/1/566.pd

The Enduring Ambiguities of Race in the United States

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/51337/1/573.pd

The making of Hawaii's interracial working class.

The overarching research problem of this dissertation is to account for the historical emergence of Hawaii's interracial working class, focusing on the islands' three most important industries---sugar, pineapple, and stevedoring---primarily from the 1920s to the early 1950s. Up until World War II, Hawaii's workers were deeply divided racially: if and when they organized, they did so on racially exclusive bases. Then, seemingly overnight, toward the end of the war, the workers organized themselves into one large, left-led union and engaged in a consciously interracial class struggle. This study proffers a multi-layered explanation which, inter alia, contravenes the predominant view that interracial working-class formation was a deracializing process. First, confronted with inconsistencies and ambiguities in the prevailing objectivist theories of race and class, the study asserts an alternative explanation for the prewar racial divisions among the workers. It demonstrates that Portuguese, Japanese, and Filipino workers---the vast majority of the work force---faced distinct racisms based on fundamentally different assumptions, which shaped their divergent and conflicting politics. Second, since workers tend to conceptually define themselves as a class in the face of vigorous employer opposition, the study examines the origins of the employers' long-standing hostility and finds the employers' capacity for organization to have been pivotal. Third, the study argues that the following conditions facilitated the genesis and phenomenal growth of the interracial working-class movement: expansions in political opportunity, largely via national state intervention; an increase in the workers' organizational capacities via their growing ties to mainland workers as well as among themselves; wartime martial law's fomenting of worker discontent; and an erosion of anti-Japanese racism during the war. Fourth, a close examination of the movement's discourse and practices reveals a much more complex interplay of race and class than heretofore assumed. Rather than a colorblind class ideology, a syncretic ideology of race and class---that rendered coincident and mutually reinforcing the workers' struggles for racial and class justice---defined, shaped, and motivated the movement. The study draws on data gathered from various archival collections, oral histories, newspapers, and government documents.Ph.D.American historyEthnic studiesLabor relationsSocial SciencesSocial structureUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/132170/2/9959793.pd

Mais que e para-além do racismo: meditações teóricas e políticas sobre anti-negritude

Este artigo tece considerações sobre antinegritude e a distingue do racismo, expondo a falsa universalidade do Social e do Humano:  o racismo ocorre no Social entre os Humanos, enquanto a antinegritude continuamente expulsa os negros e a negritude dessas categorias modernas fundamentais cujas definições derivam da expulsão violenta. Para delinear a discussão, o artigo analisa dois textos paradigmáticos que se esforçam para lidar intransigentemente com a antinegritude, mas através da linguagem do racismo: George Yancey, Who Is White? e "The Combahee River Collective Statement." O artigo conclui sugerindo a necessidade de um salto de invenção fanoniano e uma abrangente abolição

Más que y más allá del racismo: meditaciones teóricas y políticas sobre la antinegritud

Este artículo considera la antinegritud y la distingue del racismo, exponiendo la falsa universalidad de lo Social y lo Humano: el racismo ocurre en lo Social entre los Humanos, mientras que la antinegridad continuamente expulsa a los negros y a la negritud de estas categorías modernas fundamentales cuyas definiciones derivan de la expulsión violenta. Para esbozar la discusión, el artículo analiza dos textos paradigmáticos que se esfuerzan por abordar sin concesiones la antinegritud, pero a través del lenguaje del racismo: George Yancey, Who Is White? y "La declaración colectiva del río Combahee". El artículo concluye sugiriendo la necesidad de un salto fanoniano de invención y una abolición integral.Este artigo tece considerações sobre antinegritude e a distingue do racismo, expondo a falsa universalidade do Social e do Humano:  o racismo ocorre no Social entre os Humanos, enquanto a antinegritude continuamente expulsa os negros e a negritude dessas categorias modernas fundamentais cujas definições derivam da expulsão violenta. Para delinear a discussão, o artigo analisa dois textos paradigmáticos que se esforçam para lidar intransigentemente com a antinegritude, mas através da linguagem do racismo: George Yancey, Who Is White? e "The Combahee River Collective Statement." O artigo conclui sugerindo a necessidade de um salto de invenção fanoniano e uma abrangente abolição.This article keys in on antiblackness and distinguishes it from racism, laying bare the false universality of the Social and the Human: racism takes place in the Social among the Human, while antiblackness continually casts Black people and Blackness out of those foundational modern categories whose definitions derive from the violent expulsion. To delineate, the article analyzes two paradigmatic texts that strive to deal uncompromisingly with antiblackness but through the language of racism: George Yancey's Who Is White? and "The Combahee River Collective Statement." The article concludes by suggesting the need for a Fanonian leap of invention and an all-encompassing abolition