Etude des systèmes d'attaques des judokas Paralympiques

International audienceSurvey of the Paralympic Judokas' system of attacks Judo Handisport is a well-integrated activity within sports federations and scientific publications are interested in this field. As part of the training of students from the Faculty of Sport Sciences of Montpellier, concerning the observation of the behaviors of high-level judokas, the objective of this work was to show that the system of attacks of the Paralympic judokas is identical to that of Olympic judokas. The attack system can be considered as a technical-tactical passport of the judoka. It allows direct attacks, feints and chaining to put the opponent in a situation of uncertainty of attacks and defense actions. The analysis concerns 9 judokas who participated in the Paralympic Games in Rio de Janeiro 2016. The results show that the directions of attack are comparable with those of the valid ones (5 ± 1.5 vs 6 ± 1.2) and that the number areas of efficiency seem smaller (1.8 ± 0.8 vs 2.7 ± 0.7). The longer combat times and the number of direct attacks makes it possible to consider specific physical training for these judokas. This work also allows to consider an amendment of the combat rules.Le judo handisport est une activité bien intégrée au sein des fédérations sportives et les publications scientifiques s'intéressent à ce champ. Dans le cadre de la formation des étudiants de la Faculté des Sciences du Sport de Montpellier, concernant l'observation des comportements des judokas de haut-niveau, l'objectif de ce travail était de montrer que le système d'attaques des judokas Paralympiques est identique à celui des judokas Olympiques. Le système d'attaques peut être considéré comme un passeport technico-tactique du judoka. Il permet des attaques directes, des feintes et des enchainements afin de mettre l'adversaire en situation d'incertitude d'actions d'attaques et de défense. L'analyse porte sur 9 judokas ayant participé aux Jeux Paralympiques de Rio de Janeiro 2016. Les résultats montrent que les directions d'attaques sont comparables avec celles des valides (5 ± 1,5 vs 6 ± 1,2) et que le nombre de secteurs d'efficacité semble plus réduit (1,8 ± 0,8 vs 2,7 ± 0,7). Les durées de combats plus longues et le nombre d'attaques directes important permet d'envisager des préparations physiques spécifiques pour ces judokas. Ce travail permet aussi d'envisager un aménagement du règlement de combat

In situ optical monitoring of Fabry-Perot multilayer structures: analysis of current techniques and optimized procedures

International audienceSingle cavity Fabry-Perot filters are one of the most popular designs for the production of narrow bandpass filters. The usual deposition strategy to create such filters based on optical monitoring at the filter central wavelength is well-known and has proven its strength over decades. We review in this paper the possible optical methods to monitor such a filter during production and analyze their strengths and weaknesses. Then, we discuss a new monitoring procedure, mixing different methods, to minimize the production errors of this filter while maintaining a precise filter centering. This strategy is applied on different bandpass filter designs

Trinary mappings: a tool for the determination of potential spectral paths for optical monitoring of optical interference filters

International audienceAn alternative new technique for the determination of efficient optical monitoring strategy of optical interference filters is presented. This technique relies on the analysis of optical monitoring signals for different optical monitoring wavelengths and the comparison of these signals with some pre-defined criteria in order to generate potential spectral path compatible with a dedicated trigger point monitoring technique. Trinary mappings are then generated in order to determine possible optical monitoring strategies. This technique is finally implemented on various filter designs and experimentally validated

Etude des systèmes d'attaques des judokas Paralympiques

International audienceSurvey of the Paralympic Judokas' system of attacks Judo Handisport is a well-integrated activity within sports federations and scientific publications are interested in this field. As part of the training of students from the Faculty of Sport Sciences of Montpellier, concerning the observation of the behaviors of high-level judokas, the objective of this work was to show that the system of attacks of the Paralympic judokas is identical to that of Olympic judokas. The attack system can be considered as a technical-tactical passport of the judoka. It allows direct attacks, feints and chaining to put the opponent in a situation of uncertainty of attacks and defense actions. The analysis concerns 9 judokas who participated in the Paralympic Games in Rio de Janeiro 2016. The results show that the directions of attack are comparable with those of the valid ones (5 ± 1.5 vs 6 ± 1.2) and that the number areas of efficiency seem smaller (1.8 ± 0.8 vs 2.7 ± 0.7). The longer combat times and the number of direct attacks makes it possible to consider specific physical training for these judokas. This work also allows to consider an amendment of the combat rules.Le judo handisport est une activité bien intégrée au sein des fédérations sportives et les publications scientifiques s'intéressent à ce champ. Dans le cadre de la formation des étudiants de la Faculté des Sciences du Sport de Montpellier, concernant l'observation des comportements des judokas de haut-niveau, l'objectif de ce travail était de montrer que le système d'attaques des judokas Paralympiques est identique à celui des judokas Olympiques. Le système d'attaques peut être considéré comme un passeport technico-tactique du judoka. Il permet des attaques directes, des feintes et des enchainements afin de mettre l'adversaire en situation d'incertitude d'actions d'attaques et de défense. L'analyse porte sur 9 judokas ayant participé aux Jeux Paralympiques de Rio de Janeiro 2016. Les résultats montrent que les directions d'attaques sont comparables avec celles des valides (5 ± 1,5 vs 6 ± 1,2) et que le nombre de secteurs d'efficacité semble plus réduit (1,8 ± 0,8 vs 2,7 ± 0,7). Les durées de combats plus longues et le nombre d'attaques directes important permet d'envisager des préparations physiques spécifiques pour ces judokas. Ce travail permet aussi d'envisager un aménagement du règlement de combat

Theory and practical use of Bayesian methods in interpreting clinical trial data: a narrative review

International audienceThe critical reading of scientific articles is necessary for the daily practice of evidence-based medicine. Rigorous comprehension of statistical methods is essential, as reflected by the extensive use of statistics in the biomedical literature. In contrast to the customary frequentist approach, which never uses or gives the probability of a hypothesis, Bayesian theory uses probabilities for both hypotheses and data. This statistical approach is increasingly used for analyses of clinical trial data and for applied machine learning. The aim of this review is to compare general Bayesian concepts with frequentist methods to facilitate a better understanding of Bayesian theory for readers who are not familiar with this approach. The review is intended to be used in combination with a checklist we have devised for reading reports analysed by Bayesian methods. We compare and contrast the different approaches of Bayesian vs frequentist statistical methods by considering data from a clinical trial that lends itself to this comparative approach

Synthesis of stimuli-responsive double hydrophilic block copolymers by ATRP and RAFT and their use as nanostructure-directing agents of mesoporous silica materials

International audienceA series of double hydrophilic block copolymers DHBCs has been synthesized by controlled radical polymerization (Figure 1). Poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(acrylic acid) PEO-b-PAA was prepared by ATRP in acetone. PEO-b-PAA and PEO-b-Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) PEO-b-PNIPAM were prepared by RAFT using a PEO-based dithiobenzoate macro-RAFT agent, in water and dioxane respectively. Poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate)-b-PAA PmPEGA-b-PAA was prepared by RAFT in water using a trithiocarbonate RAFT agent. Poly(acrylamide)-b-PAA PAM-b-PAA and PAM-b-poly(3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride) PAM-b-PAPTAC were prepared by RAFT/MADIX using xanthate as control agent, in water/ethanol for the PAM block and directly in water for the second block. The block copolymers have been characterized by SEC, pH titration, conductimetry, and capillary electrophoresis (CE).The reversible formation of micelles by variation of temperature in the case of PEO-b-PNIPAM, or by the mixing of polyelectrolyte DHBCs with a polyelectrolyte of opposite charge in the right range of pH (e.g. anionic PEO-b-PAA associated with cationic oligochitosan) has been studied. The micelles have been characterized by various scattering techniques and CE.Such stimuli-responsive (T, pH, ionic strength) micellar systems have been involved as structuring agents in the synthesis of nanostructured mesoporous silica by sol-gel process. A relationship between the composition of the DHBCs, the composition of the micelles, the experimental conditions of micelle formation and the final mesostructure of the silica materials is foreseen. This strategy has been applied to the preparation of drug-loaded silica for biomedical applications

Synthesis of stimuli-responsive double hydrophilic block copolymers by ATRP and RAFT and their use as nanostructure-directing agents of mesoporous silica materials

International audienceA series of double hydrophilic block copolymers DHBCs has been synthesized by controlled radical polymerization (Figure 1). Poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(acrylic acid) PEO-b-PAA was prepared by ATRP in acetone. PEO-b-PAA and PEO-b-Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) PEO-b-PNIPAM were prepared by RAFT using a PEO-based dithiobenzoate macro-RAFT agent, in water and dioxane respectively. Poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate)-b-PAA PmPEGA-b-PAA was prepared by RAFT in water using a trithiocarbonate RAFT agent. Poly(acrylamide)-b-PAA PAM-b-PAA and PAM-b-poly(3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride) PAM-b-PAPTAC were prepared by RAFT/MADIX using xanthate as control agent, in water/ethanol for the PAM block and directly in water for the second block. The block copolymers have been characterized by SEC, pH titration, conductimetry, and capillary electrophoresis (CE).The reversible formation of micelles by variation of temperature in the case of PEO-b-PNIPAM, or by the mixing of polyelectrolyte DHBCs with a polyelectrolyte of opposite charge in the right range of pH (e.g. anionic PEO-b-PAA associated with cationic oligochitosan) has been studied. The micelles have been characterized by various scattering techniques and CE.Such stimuli-responsive (T, pH, ionic strength) micellar systems have been involved as structuring agents in the synthesis of nanostructured mesoporous silica by sol-gel process. A relationship between the composition of the DHBCs, the composition of the micelles, the experimental conditions of micelle formation and the final mesostructure of the silica materials is foreseen. This strategy has been applied to the preparation of drug-loaded silica for biomedical applications

Charge breeding at GANIL : Improvements, results, and comparison with the other facilities

The 1+/n+ method, based on an ECRIS charge breeder (CB) originally developed at the LPSC laboratory, is now implemented at GANIL for the production of Radioactive Ion Beams (RIBs). Prior to its installation in the middle of the low energy beam line of the SPIRAL1 facility, the 1+/n+ system CB has been modified based on the experiments performed on the CARIBU Facility at Argone National Laboratory. Later, it has been tested at the 1+/n+ LPSC test bench to validate its operation performances. Charge breeding efficiencies as well as charge breeding times have been measured for noble gases and alkali elements. The commissioning phase started at GANIL in the second half-year of 2017. It consisted of a stepwise process to test the upgrade of the SPIRAL1 facility from simple validation [operation of Charge Breeder (CB) as a stand-alone source] up to the production of the first 1+/n+ RIB. Thus, this year, a 38mK/38K RIB has been successfully delivered to a physics experiment over a period of 1 week. The yields on the physics target were in the range of ∼2–4 × 106 pps at 9 MeV/u. The target ion source system (TISS) was made of a FEBIAD ion source connected to a hot graphite target. This is the first time a RIB is accelerated with a cyclotron with the 1+/n+ method. Moreover, a production test with the FEBIAD TISS has confirmed the yields measured previously, which validates the extension of the GANIL/SPIRAL1 catalog for a number of isotopes. In parallel, R&D is being performed on new TISSs (e.g., a fast release one, using surface ionization source). Targets are also a subject of ongoing R&D for yield and release time optimization. This contribution will present the new acceleration scheme of the SPIRAL1 facility, which largely extends the palette of RIBs available for nuclear physicists. It will be compared to the ones used at similar ISOL facilities. This facility is more than a simple ISOL facility, and an overview of the new opportunities offered by the upgraded installation will be also discussed.peerReviewe