33 research outputs found
Replacing wheat bran by corn gluten feed without steep water in complete dog food
Twenty-four adult Beagles were utilised to evaluate the partial replacement of wheat bran with corn gluten feed without steep water on digestibility and characteristics of faeces. The treatments were 0 (no substitution), 30, 60 or 90 g/kg of corn gluten without steep water. There was no effect (p > .05) on the digestibility coefficients (g/kg) of dry matter (0.771), organic matter (0.806), crude protein (0.813), ether extract (0.798), crude fibre (0.393), neutral detergent fibre (0.425), acid detergent fibre (0.286) and crude energy (0.812), whilst there was effect (p  .05) was found on the remaining faecal characteristics: excretion for 100 g of food (56.77 g), excretion (129.6 g/day and 49.0 g dry matter/day), score (3.90), dry matter excretion for 100 g of food (22.86 g), buffering capacity (BC) at pH 5 (57.81), ammonia nitrogen (1.46 g/kg of faecal dry matter) and water balance (333.25 mL/day), in vivo and in situ gas production (p > .05). Corn gluten feed without steep water can be utilised to replace up to 90 g/kg of wheat bran without causing negative effect on the digestibility and characteristics of faeces
TaxonomĂa de la ciencia abierta: revisada y ampliada
Objetivo: revisar as terminologias e aplicações da taxonomia de CiĂŞncia Aberta para a construção de uma versĂŁo mais abrangente, que represente o conhecimento em volta do tema, em conformidade com o cenário atual da comunicação cientĂfica e com as recomendações da Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a CiĂŞncia e a Cultura (Unesco). MĂ©todo: trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo exploratĂłria com abordagem dedutiva. A primeira etapa foi a revisĂŁo das taxonomias, com 12 pesquisadores1 que se reuniram, semanalmente, para discussões conceituais e epistemolĂłgicas relacionadas Ă CiĂŞncia Aberta, e definições metodolĂłgicas e procedimentais para a realização do estudo. Resultados: como resultado das análises, foi desenvolvida uma taxonomia para ser avaliada pelos especialistas. Para isso, foi enviado um questionário com perguntas abertas, sobre cada eixo principal da taxonomia, para 68 especialistas. Foram obtidas 21 respostas que cooperaram com a modelagem e exposição dos termos para a nova taxonomia. A taxonomia oriunda desse processo de revisĂŁo tem 10 facetas de nĂvel principal e o total de 96 rĂłtulos. Conclusões: a percepção dos especialistas trouxe Ă tona um panorama congruente com as recomendações da Unesco e do atual cenário da CiĂŞncia Aberta.Objective: review the terminologies and applications of the Open Science taxonomy to build a more comprehensive version that represents the knowledge surrounding the topic theme, in accordance with the current scenario of scholarly communication and the recommendations of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Unesco). Method: his is exploratory research with a deductive approach. The first step was the revision of the taxonomies, with the 12 researchers, who met weekly, for conceptual and epistemological discussions related to Open Science and methodological and procedural definitions for the realization of the study. Results: as a result of the analyses, a taxonomy was developed to be evaluated by the experts. For this, a questionnaire with open questions about each main axis of the taxonomy was sent to 68 specialists. We obtained 21 answers that cooperated with the modeling and exposition of the terms of the new taxonomy proposal. The new taxonomy has 10 main level facets and a total of 96 labels. Conclusions: the perception of the experts brought to light a panorama congruent with Unesco recommendations and the current scenario of Open Science.Objetivo: revisar las terminologĂas y aplicaciones de la taxonomĂa de la Ciencia Abierta, para construir una versiĂłn más completa, que represente el conocimiento en torno al tema, de acuerdo con el escenario actual de la comunicaciĂłn cientĂfica y las recomendaciones de la OrganizaciĂłn de las Naciones Unidas para la EducaciĂłn, la Ciencia y la Cultura (Unesco). MĂ©todo: se trata de una investigaciĂłn exploratoria con un enfoque deductivo. El primer paso fue la revisiĂłn de las taxonomĂas, con las 12 personas dedicadas a la investigaciĂłn, que se reunieron semanalmente, para las discusiones conceptuales y epistemolĂłgicas relacionadas con la Ciencia Abierta y las definiciones metodolĂłgicas y de procedimiento para la realizaciĂłn del estudio. Resultados: como resultado de los análisis, se elaborĂł una taxonomĂa para ser evaluada por las personas expertas. Para ello, se enviĂł a 68 personas expertas un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas sobre cada eje principal de la taxonomĂa. Se obtuvieron 21 respuestas que cooperaron con la modelizaciĂłn y exposiciĂłn de los tĂ©rminos de la nueva propuesta de taxonomĂa. La nueva taxonomĂa tiene 10 facetas de nivel principal y un total de 96 etiquetas. Conclusiones: la percepciĂłn de los expertos puso de manifiesto un panorama congruente con las recomendaciones de la Unesco y el escenario actual de la Ciencia Abierta
O cão como aspecto motivador de crianças com transtorno do espectro autismo
Com objetivo de verificar se a presença do cão na sessão terapêutica com crianças com TEA seria um aspecto motivador, foi realizado um estudo com 24 crianças na faixa etária de três a dez anos. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo foram tabulados e analisados de maneira inferencial, e a diferença entre as médias do tempo de reação foi utilizado o teste Mann Whitney. As diferenças significativas foram comprovadas através de um p-valor ≤0,005. Este estudo demonstrou que as crianças do grupo controle apresentam uma média maior de tempo de reação à sessão em relação às do grupo experimental
Pregnancy rate in lactating Bos indicus cows subjected to fixed-time artificial insemination and treated with different follicular growth inducers
Anti-Streptococcal activity of Brazilian Amazon Rain Forest plant extracts presents potential for preventive strategies against dental caries
The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders: recruitment, assessment instruments, methods for the development of multicenter collaborative studies and preliminary results
Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study
Summary
Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally.
Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies
have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of
the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income
countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality.
Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to
hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis,
exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a
minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical
status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary
intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause,
in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status.
We did a complete case analysis.
Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital
diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal
malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome
countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male.
Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3).
Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income
countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups).
Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome
countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries;
p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients
combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11],
p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20
[1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention
(ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety
checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed
(ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of
parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65
[0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality.
Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome,
middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will
be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger
than 5 years by 2030
Analysis of serum inflammatory mediators in type 2 diabetic patients and their influence on renal function.
AIM:To evaluate the serum concentrations of inflammatory mediators in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with or without renal alteration (RA) function. METHODS:Serum samples from 76 patients with T2DM and 24 healthy individuals were selected. Patients with T2DM were divided into two groups according to eGFR (> or < 60mL/min/1.73m2). Cytokines, chemokines and adipokines levels were evaluated using the Multiplex immunoassay and ELISA. RESULTS:TNFR1 and leptin were higher in the T2DM group with RA than in the T2DM group without RA and control group. All patients with T2DM showed increased resistin, IL-8, and MIP-1α compared to the control group. Adiponectin were higher and IL-4 decreased in the T2DM group with RA compared to the control group. eGFR positively correlated with IL-4 and negatively with TNFR1, TNFR2, and leptin in patients with T2DM. In the T2DM group with RA, eGFR was negatively correlated with TNFR1 and resistin. TNFR1 was positively correlated with resistin and leptin, as well as resistin with IL-8 and leptin. CONCLUSION:Increased levels of TNFR1, adipokines, chemokines and decrease of IL-4 play important role in the inflammatory process developed in T2DM and decreased renal function. We also suggest that TNFR1 is a strong predictor of renal dysfunction in patients with T2DM