A summary of research relating to reading in the intermediate grades

Purpose: To develop and evaluate a method of quick perception with geography vocabulary to see if; (a) quick perception accelerates growth in comprehension, (b) effects speed of reading, and (c) improves reading ability. Materials used: (1) Vocabulary selected from: a) Atwood, The Americas, b) McConnel, Living in the Americas, c) Smith, World Folk. (2) Durrell-Sullivan Achievement Tests, Intermediate Forms A and B. (3) Oral Reading Tests for Speed from the "Durrell Analysis of Reading Difficulty". (4) Silent Reading and Vocabulary Inventory Tests constructed by the writer. (5) Lantern slide projector; screen; words and phrases typed on amber cellphone, faced with red carbon paper, enclosed in glass slides, hinged with tape at the top [TRUNCATED

Price discovery in the markets for credit risk: A Markov switching approach

We examine price discovery in the Credit Default Swap and corporate bond market. By using a Markov switching framework we are able to analyze the dynamic behavior of the information shares during tranquil and crisis periods. The results show that price discovery takes place mostly on the CDS market. The importance of the CDS market even increases during the more volatile crisis periods. According to a cross sectional analysis liquidity is the main determinant of a market's contribution to price discovery. During the crisis period, however, we also find a positive link between leverage and CDS market information shares. Overall the results indicate that price discovery measures and their determinants change during tranquil and crisis periods, which emphasizes the importance of more exible frameworks, such as Markov switching models

Analisis Saluran Dan Margin Pemasaran Telur Ayam Kampung (Gallus Domesticus) di Kotamadya Pematang Siantar

The purpose of this research is to analyze the marketing system and channel of chicken eggs and analyze marketing efficiency from marketing margin, price share and profit ratio of chicken egg cost in Pematangsiantar Municipality of Simalungun Regency.. The method used in data collection is 1. Sampling of breeders and other marketing institutions selected by snowboling sampling technique and data collection methods is done by interviewing techniques using quisioner. Data analysis includes marketing costs, marketing margin, farmer / breeder share and profit cost ratio of each marketing channel. The results of this study indicate that there are four marketing channels. The marketing margin on the second channel shows the smallest cost margin and the largest profit margin so that it shows the largest cost-benefit ratio. The largest farmer share is obtained on the fourth channel but this channel uses only the retailer as an intermediate channel (1 level) and relatively few exchanged eggs. So it is concluded that the second channel is the most efficient channel because the smallest cost and benefits are spread evenly in all the marketer institutions that play a role. The need for chicken eggs in the municipality siantar siantar (63.33%) supplied from outside the city and (36.66%) filled by breeders from within the city

Determination of Endothelial Stalk versus Tip Cell Potential during Angiogenesis by H2.0-like Homeobox-1

SummaryTissue branching morphogenesis requires the hierarchical organization of sprouting cells into leading “tip” and trailing “stalk” cells [1, 2]. During new blood vessel branching (angiogenesis), endothelial tip cells (TCs) lead sprouting vessels, extend filopodia, and migrate in response to gradients of the secreted ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf) [3]. In contrast, adjacent stalk cells (SCs) trail TCs, generate the trunk of new vessels, and critically maintain connectivity with parental vessels. Here, we establish that h2.0-like homeobox-1 (Hlx1) determines SC potential, which is critical for angiogenesis during zebrafish development. By combining a novel pharmacological strategy for the manipulation of angiogenic cell behavior in vivo with transcriptomic analyses of sprouting cells, we identify the uniquely sprouting-associated gene, hlx1. Expression of hlx1 is almost entirely restricted to sprouting endothelial cells and is excluded from adjacent nonangiogenic cells. Furthermore, Hlx1 knockdown reveals its essential role in angiogenesis. Importantly, mosaic analyses uncover a cell-autonomous role for Hlx1 in the maintenance of SC identity in sprouting vessels. Hence, Hlx1-mediated maintenance of SC potential regulates angiogenesis, a finding that may have novel implications for sprouting morphogenesis of other tissues

Estimation of juvenile striped bass relative abundance in the Virginia portion of Chesapeake Bay, January 2004-December 2004 : annual progress report

The primary objective of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science juvenile striped bass survey is to monitor the relative annual recruitment success of juvenile striped bass in the major Virginia nursery areas of lower Chesapeake Bay. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service initially funded the survey from 1967 to 1973. After a hiatus ending in 1980, funds were provided by the National Marine Fisheries Service under the Emergency Striped Bass Study program. Commencing with the 1988 annual survey, the work was jointly supported by Wallop-Breaux funds (Sport Fish Restoration Act) administered through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Virginia Marine Resources Commission. This report summarizes the results of the 2005 sampling period and compares these results with previous years

Preferences of children in grades two through eight in social studies subject areas

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

Beyond resilience: Welfare state changes in Austria, Denmark, New Zealand and Switzerland

Forms of European multi-level administration show an increased 'defibration' of the state through a shift of functioning onto the European level, onto other transnationally acting member states and onto the level of social self-organisation. At the same time a new 'complexity' is to be observed in the form of a multi-level administrative procedure. The rather ad hoc found solutions need a common structuring under constitutional law. On the one hand this is valid for the question which administrative task belongs to which level and on the other hand for the organisational design of its levels and their combination in multi-level procedures. This article develops measures under constitutional law of allocation and legitimation of disperse authority of administration and applies them to the existing designs.Die vielfältigen Formen der europäischen Mehrebenenverwaltung zeigen eine zunehmende `Zerfaserung´ des Staates durch Funktionsverlagerungen auf die europäische Ebene, auf transnational wirkende andere Mitgliedstaaten und auf die Ebene gesellschaftlicher Selbstorganisation. Zugleich sind neue 'Verflechtungen' in Gestalt mehrstufiger Verwaltungsverfahren zu beobachten. Die eher ad hoc gefundenen Lösungen bedürfen gemeinschaftsverfassungsrechtlicher Strukturierung. Das gilt zum einen für die Frage, welche Verwaltungsaufgabe welcher Ebene zukommt, zum anderen für die organisatorische Ausgestaltung der Ebenen und ihrer Kombination in mehrstufigen Verfahren. Der Beitrag entwickelt verfassungsrechtliche Maßstäbe der Zuteilung und Legitimation der dispersen Verwaltungsbefugnisse und wendet sie auf die vorfindlichen Gestaltungen an

Designing Fair Ranking Schemes

Items from a database are often ranked based on a combination of multiple criteria. A user may have the flexibility to accept combinations that weigh these criteria differently, within limits. On the other hand, this choice of weights can greatly affect the fairness of the produced ranking. In this paper, we develop a system that helps users choose criterion weights that lead to greater fairness. We consider ranking functions that compute the score of each item as a weighted sum of (numeric) attribute values, and then sort items on their score. Each ranking function can be expressed as a vector of weights, or as a point in a multi-dimensional space. For a broad range of fairness criteria, we show how to efficiently identify regions in this space that satisfy these criteria. Using this identification method, our system is able to tell users whether their proposed ranking function satisfies the desired fairness criteria and, if it does not, to suggest the smallest modification that does. We develop user-controllable approximation that and indexing techniques that are applied during preprocessing, and support sub-second response times during the online phase. Our extensive experiments on real datasets demonstrate that our methods are able to find solutions that satisfy fairness criteria effectively and efficiently

Transfer transcriptomic signatures for infectious diseases

The modulation of the transcriptome is among the earliest responses to infection. However, defining the transcriptomic signatures of disease is challenging because logistic, technical, and cost factors limit the size and representativeness of samples in clinical studies. These limitations lead to a poor performance of signatures when applied to new datasets. Although the study focuses on infection, the central hypothesis of the work is the generalization of sets of signatures across diseases. We use a machine learning approach to identify common elements in datasets and then test empirically whether they are informative about a second dataset from a disease or process distinct from the original dataset. We identify sets of genes, which we name transfer signatures, that are predictive across diverse datasets and/or species (e.g., rhesus to humans). We demonstrate the usefulness of transfer signatures in two use cases: the progression of latent to active tuberculosis and the severity of COVID-19 and influenza A H1N1 infection. This indicates that transfer signatures can be deployed in settings that lack disease-specific biomarkers. The broad significance of our work lies in the concept that a small set of archetypal human immunophenotypes, captured by transfer signatures, can explain a larger set of responses to diverse diseases