Discovery Orientation, Cognitive Schemas, and Disparities in Science Identity in Early Adolescence

Why are some youth more likely to think of themselves as a science kind of person than others? In this paper, we use a cognitive social-theoretical framework to assess disparities in science identity among middle school–age youth in the United States. We investigate how discovery orientation is associated with science interest, perceived ability, importance, and reflected appraisal, and how they are related to whether youth see themselves, and perceive that others see them, as a science kind of person. We surveyed 441 students in an ethnically diverse, low-income middle school. Gender and race/ethnicity are associated with science identity but not with discovery orientation. Structural equation model results show that the positive association between discovery orientation and science identity is mediated by science interest, importance, and reflected appraisal. These findings advance understanding of how science attitudes and recognition may contribute to the underrepresentation of girls and/or minorities in science

The Ursinus Weekly, March 7, 1966

Senior Symposium tours Phila. settlement homes • Curtain Club lists Spring dramatics • The Ballet Chaffee to be Wednesday evening Forum • Folk Society donates $250 • Y to present Accion leader • Swann receives memorial scholarship • Temple begins math internship • Editorial: The apathetic syndrome • Young and old, rich and poor accepted by Admissions Office: 81% of present freshmen placed near top of class • Dolman stresses importance of Admissions interviews • Letter to the editor • Swim team soaks Temple; Drops one to E. S\u27burg • Girls B\u27ball team drops game to WC • Intramural corner • Bears make creditable showing in MACs • 1965-1966 wrestling roundup • Greek gleanings • Players parody modern lifehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1219/thumbnail.jp

Maximizing Audibility and Speech Recognition with Non-Linear Frequency Compression by Estimating Audible Bandwidth

Objective—Nonlinear frequency compression attempts to restore high-frequency audibility by lowering high-frequency input signals. Methods of determining the optimal parameters that maximize speech understanding have not been evaluated. The effect of maximizing the audible bandwidth on speech recognition for a group of listeners with normal hearing is described. Design—Nonword recognition was measured with twenty normal-hearing adults. Three audiograms with different high-frequency thresholds were used to create conditions with varying high-frequency audibility. Bandwidth was manipulated using three conditions for each audiogram: conventional processing, the manufacturer’s default compression parameters, and compression parameters that optimized bandwidth. Results—Nonlinear frequency compression optimized to provide the widest audible bandwidth improved nonword recognition compared to both conventional processing and the default parameters. Conclusion—These results showed that using the widest audible bandwidth maximized speech identification when using nonlinear frequency compression. Future studies should apply these methods to listeners with hearing loss to demonstrate efficacy in clinical populations