Clima social familiar y resiliencia en estudiantes del nivel secundaria de una institución educativa de Comas, Lima 2022

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar la relación entre Clima social familiar y resiliencia en estudiantes del nivel secundaria de una institución educativa de Comas, Lima 2022. La metodología del presente estudio fue de enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental y nivel correlacional. La muestra la conformaron 120 estudiantes, el muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia. La técnica empleada fue la encuesta y los instrumentos aplicados fueron dos cuestionarios, la Escala de Clima Social Familiar (FES) de Moos, y Trickeet, y la Escala de Resiliencia de Wagnild y Young. Los resultados encontrados fueron que en cuanto a la variable Clima Social Familiar, el 49,17% de los estudiantes del nivel secundaria se encuentran en el nivel regular, el 25,8% en un nivel bueno y el 25,00% en un nivel inadecuado; en cuanto a la variable Resiliencia, el 60,83% de los estudiantes del nivel secundaria se encuentran en un nivel medio de resiliencia, el 21,67% en un nivel alto y 17,50% en un nivel bajo. A través de la prueba de Chi-Cuadrado se halló un p = 0.001 y 0.000 (p< 0,05), por lo tanto, se concluyó que existe relación entre la variable Clima social familiar y Resiliencia

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals &lt;1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field